Estimating Guns Sold by State PDF Download
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Author: Howard Ross Nemerov
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
There is a strong, significant correlation between the annual number of firearms manufactured for sale in the civilian market, and the annual number of retail sales transactions processed in the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). The Federal Bureau of Investigation publishes an annual count of state-level NICS transactions. Collating sales and state-level NICS data, the algorithms discussed below offer a way to estimate the number of retail firearms, by type, purchased annual by state.Outline:1. Calculating the annual number of firearms sold.2. How does this model compare to researchers' firearms inventory estimates?3. Calculating state-level firearm FBI background checks.4. Collating NICS transactions to firearms manufacturing data.5. States with exceptional NICS transaction records required further analysis.6. Comparing estimated firearms purchased per capita to CDC gun ownership surveys.7. Practical application of these algorithms -- Right-to-Carry affect on buying trends.
Author: Howard Ross Nemerov
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
There is a strong, significant correlation between the annual number of firearms manufactured for sale in the civilian market, and the annual number of retail sales transactions processed in the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). The Federal Bureau of Investigation publishes an annual count of state-level NICS transactions. Collating sales and state-level NICS data, the algorithms discussed below offer a way to estimate the number of retail firearms, by type, purchased annual by state.Outline:1. Calculating the annual number of firearms sold.2. How does this model compare to researchers' firearms inventory estimates?3. Calculating state-level firearm FBI background checks.4. Collating NICS transactions to firearms manufacturing data.5. States with exceptional NICS transaction records required further analysis.6. Comparing estimated firearms purchased per capita to CDC gun ownership surveys.7. Practical application of these algorithms -- Right-to-Carry affect on buying trends.
Author: Rosanna Smart
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781977404312
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
In this report, part of the RAND Corporation's Gun Policy in America initiative, researchers seek objective information about what the scientific literature reveals about the likely effects of various gun laws. In this second edition of an earlier work, the authors add five gun policies to the 13 examined in the original analysis and expand the study time frame to incorporate a larger body of research. With those adjustments, the authors synthesize the available scientific data on the effects of 18 policies on firearm deaths, violent crime, the gun industry, defensive gun use, and other outcomes. By highlighting where scientific evidence is accumulating, the authors hope to build consensus around a shared set of facts that have been established through a transparent, nonpartisan, and impartial review process. In so doing, they also illuminate areas where more and better information could make important contributions to establishing fair and effective gun policies.
Author: Terry L. Schell
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781977401557
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
As part of the RAND Corporation's Gun Policy in America initiative, the authors use simulations to assess the performance of a wide range of statistical models used to estimate the effects of state gun policies on firearm deaths.
Author: Charles T. Clotfelter
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674800984
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
With its huge jackpots and heartwarming rags-to-riches stories, the lottery has become the hope and dream of millions of Americans--and the fastest-growing source of state revenue. Despite its popularity, however, there remains much controversy over whether this is an appropriate business for state government and, if so, how this business should be conducted.
Author: Terry L. Schell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
To understand how rates of firearm ownership may be affected by public policy and how they may affect crime rates or other key outcomes in the United States, researchers need measures of firearm ownership at the state level. As part of the Gun Policy in America initiative, RAND researchers developed annual, state-level estimates of household firearm ownership by combining data from surveys and administrative sources. First, they used a small-area estimation technique to create state-level ownership estimates for each of 51 nationally representative surveys assessing household firearm ownership rates. They then used structural equation modeling to combine these survey-based estimates with administrative data on firearm suicides, hunting licenses, subscriptions to Guns & Ammo magazine, and background checks into the final measure of household firearm ownership. The resulting measure represents the proportion of adults living in a household with a firearm for each state in each year between 1980 and 2016. Other researchers can use these annual, state-level measures to test theories about firearm ownership's relationship to crime, injury, and public policy.
Author: Seth Levine
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119797365
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 330
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Book Description
Despite popular belief to the contrary, entrepreneurship in the United States is dying. It has been since before the Great Recession of 2008, and the negative trend in American entrepreneurship has been accelerated by the Covid pandemic. New firms are being started at a slower rate, are employing fewer workers, and are being formed disproportionately in just a few major cities in the U.S. At the same time, large chains are opening more locations. Companies such as Amazon with their "deliver everything and anything" are rapidly displacing Main Street businesses. In The New Builders, we tell the stories of the next generation of entrepreneurs -- and argue for the future of American entrepreneurship. That future lies in surprising places -- and will in particular rely on the success of women, black and brown entrepreneurs. Our country hasn't yet even recognized the identities of the New Builders, let alone developed strategies to support them. Our misunderstanding is driven by a core misperception. Consider a "typical" American entrepreneur. Think about the entrepreneur who appears on TV, the business leader making headlines during the pandemic. Think of the type of businesses she or he is building, the college or business school they attended, the place they grew up. The image you probably conjured is that of a young, white male starting a technology business. He's likely in Silicon Valley. Possibly New York or Boston. He's self-confident, versed in the ins and outs of business funding and has an extensive (Ivy League?) network of peers and mentors eager to help his business thrive, grow and make millions, if not billions. You’d think entrepreneurship is thriving, and helping the United States maintain its economic power. You'd be almost completely wrong. The dominant image of an entrepreneur as a young white man starting a tech business on the coasts isn't correct at all. Today's American entrepreneurs, the people who drive critical parts of our economy, are more likely to be female and non-white. In fact, the number of women-owned businesses has increased 31 times between 1972 and 2018 according to the Kauffman Foundation (in 1972, women-owned businesses accounted for just 4.6% of all firms; in 2018 that figure was 40%). The fastest-growing group of female entrepreneurs are women of color, who are responsible for 64% of new women-owned businesses being created. In a few years, we believe women will make up more than half of the entrepreneurs in America. The age of the average American entrepreneur also belies conventional wisdom: It's 42. The average age of the most successful entrepreneurs -- those in the top .01% in terms of their company's growth in the first five years -- is 45. These are the New Builders. Women, people of color, immigrants and people over 40. We're failing them. And by doing so, we are failing ourselves. In this book, you'll learn: How the definition of business success in America today has grown corporate and around the concepts of growth, size, and consumption. Why and how our collective understanding of "entrepreneurship" has dangerously narrowed. Once a broad term including people starting businesses of all types, entrepreneurship has come to describe only the brash technology founders on the way to becoming big. Who are the fastest growing groups of entrepreneurs? What are they working on? What drives them? The real engine that drove Silicon Valley’s entrepreneurs. The government had a much bigger role than is widely known The extent to which entrepreneurs and small businesses are woven through our history, and the ways we have forgotten women and people of color who owned small businesses in the past. How we're increasingly afraid to fail The role small businesses are playing saving the wilderness, small towns and redlined communities What we can do to turn the decline in entrepreneurship around, especially be supporting the people who are courageously starting small companies today.
Author: Michael A. Bellesiles
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Firearms ownership
Languages : en
Pages : 604
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Naval Affairs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1284
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Book Description
Author: Angela Stroud
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 1469627906
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 199
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Book Description
Although the rate of gun ownership in U.S. households has declined from an estimated 50 percent in 1970 to approximately 32 percent today, Americans' propensity for carrying concealed firearms has risen sharply in recent years. Today, more than 11 million Americans hold concealed handgun licenses, an increase from 4.5 million in 2007. Yet, despite increasing numbers of firearms and expanding opportunities for gun owners to carry concealed firearms in public places, we know little about the reasons for obtaining a concealed carry permit or what a publicly armed citizenry means for society. Angela Stroud draws on in-depth interviews with permit holders and on field observations at licensing courses to understand how social and cultural factors shape the practice of obtaining a permit to carry a concealed firearm. Stroud's subjects usually first insist that a gun is simply a tool for protection, but she shows how much more the license represents: possessing a concealed firearm is a practice shaped by race, class, gender, and cultural definitions that separate "good guys" from those who represent threats. Stroud's work goes beyond the existing literature on guns in American culture, most of which concentrates on the effects of the gun lobby on public policy and perception. Focusing on how respondents view the world around them, this book demonstrates that the value gun owners place on their firearms is an expression of their sense of self and how they see their social environment.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309284414
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 121
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Book Description
In 2010, more than 105,000 people were injured or killed in the United States as the result of a firearm-related incident. Recent, highly publicized, tragic mass shootings in Newtown, CT; Aurora, CO; Oak Creek, WI; and Tucson, AZ, have sharpened the American public's interest in protecting our children and communities from the harmful effects of firearm violence. While many Americans legally use firearms for a variety of activities, fatal and nonfatal firearm violence poses a serious threat to public safety and welfare. In January 2013, President Barack Obama issued 23 executive orders directing federal agencies to improve knowledge of the causes of firearm violence, what might help prevent it, and how to minimize its burden on public health. One of these orders directed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to, along with other federal agencies, immediately begin identifying the most pressing problems in firearm violence research. The CDC and the CDC Foundation asked the IOM, in collaboration with the National Research Council, to convene a committee tasked with developing a potential research agenda that focuses on the causes of, possible interventions to, and strategies to minimize the burden of firearm-related violence. Priorities for Research to Reduce the Threat of Firearm-Related Violence focuses on the characteristics of firearm violence, risk and protective factors, interventions and strategies, the impact of gun safety technology, and the influence of video games and other media.
