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Author: Samreen Malik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
This dissertation contributes to the growing literature of international finance on capital market integration and consumption risk sharing in emerging economies. I identify threshold effects in terms of financial market integration to demarcate regimes with varying extent of international risk sharing in emerging economies. In Chapter 2, I study a model of a small open economy to see how default decisions affect incentives for international consumption risk-sharing based on varying levels of debt to capital ratio in emerging economies while in Chapter 3, I employ a novel endogenous threshold identification method developed by Hansen (1999) for balanced panels, to empirically identify threshold effects of capital market integration on consumption risk-sharing in emerging economies. Finally in Chapter 4, I study the determinants of the capital market integration via level and composition of foreign assets held by emerging economies, exploiting temporal and cross-sectional variation in a panel data set of 37 emerging economies from 1970 - 2007.
Author: Samreen Malik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
This dissertation contributes to the growing literature of international finance on capital market integration and consumption risk sharing in emerging economies. I identify threshold effects in terms of financial market integration to demarcate regimes with varying extent of international risk sharing in emerging economies. In Chapter 2, I study a model of a small open economy to see how default decisions affect incentives for international consumption risk-sharing based on varying levels of debt to capital ratio in emerging economies while in Chapter 3, I employ a novel endogenous threshold identification method developed by Hansen (1999) for balanced panels, to empirically identify threshold effects of capital market integration on consumption risk-sharing in emerging economies. Finally in Chapter 4, I study the determinants of the capital market integration via level and composition of foreign assets held by emerging economies, exploiting temporal and cross-sectional variation in a panel data set of 37 emerging economies from 1970 - 2007.
Author: Mr.Zhaogang Qiao
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451982089
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
This paper estimates an empirical nonstationary panel regression model that tests long-run consumption risk sharing across a sample of OECD and emerging market (EM) countries. This is in contrast to the existing literature on consumption risk sharing, which is mainly about risks at business cycle frequency. Since our methodology focuses on identifying cointegrating relationships while allowing for arbitrary short-run dynamics, we can obtain a consistent estimate of long-run risk sharing while disregarding any short-run nuisance factors. Our results show that long-run risk sharing in OECD countries increased more than that in EM countries during the past two decades.
Author: Masahiro Kodama
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Author: Wai-Yip Alex Ho
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Abstract: The first chapter investigates the effects of inflation, accessibility and depth of credit markets on wealth distribution. We find that from 1995 to 2002 in China, the inequality of wealth distribution decreased, the money-wealth ratio increased for all wealth levels and the aggregate money-output ratio increased. We develop a two-asset dynamic general equilibrium model in which households face a portfolio-adjustment cost and a borrowing constraint. The accessibility and depth are measured by the portfolio-adjustment cost and the borrowing constraint, respectively. Model calibration based on the Chinese data shows that the portfolio-adjustment cost was reduced and the borrowing constraint was relaxed from 1995 to 2002. We find that financial development lowers the inequality of wealth distribution by reducing the precautionary motive of households. In addition, tight monetary policy increases the value of money and, in turn, raises the money-wealth ratio for all wealth levels and the aggregate money-output ratio. The second chapter examines inter-provincial consumption risk sharing and intertemporal consumption smoothing across Chinese provinces before and after the 1979 economic reform. Our results indicate that the degree of consumption risk sharing among Chinese provinces is lower than that within the U.S. and across the national boundaries of OECD countries. On the other hand, the level of consumption smoothing among Chinese provinces is higher than that across OECD or EU countries, but lower than that in the U.S. Moreover, our results show that consumption risk sharing and smoothing in China have deteriorated since the 1979 economic reform. Finally, we show that eliminating consumption fluctuations yields substantial welfare gains, which suggests that stabilization policies are desirable for China. The third chapter compares continuous and discrete time sticky price models. For given menu costs, continuous time models imply shorter average contracts but larger real effects of inflation.
Author: Zhaogang Qiao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Geun Mee Ahn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Risk management
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Author: Hitomi Iizaka
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780599879331
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
The objective of the first chapter is to investigate the degree of consumption risk-sharing within Japan, and to evaluate various explanations for the level of intra-national risk-sharing that are not previously examined. I find the evidence of much larger degree of consumption risk sharing within Japan than that between countries. The model is extended to include the assumptions of (a) non-separability in the utility function between consumption and leisure, (b) the prefecture specific effects, and (c) the disaggregated consumption. Once the prefecture specific effects are controlled for, the income effect on consumption is further reduced. I next investigate the amount of risk sharing within various subgroups of Japanese prefectures. Interestingly, I find that the subgroup of rich or fast growing prefectures is the most vulnerable to the idiosyncratic income effects. Furthermore, when the analysis is applied to the subgroup of geographically close regions, the strong evidence for full consumption risk sharing is detected for some regions. The second chapter examines the determinants of FDI from U.S. and Japan in China using the provincial data set from 1991 to 1997. The results of the regression analyses are further compared to those of the aggregated FDI as a benchmark case. The study found various similarities and differences in the importance and the magnitudes of the determinants of FDI among three FDI sources. It is shown that both absolute level of GDP and the lagged GDP significantly affects inflow of FDI from all sources. The hypothesis that the good quality of infrastructure is conductive to attract FDI is strongly supported for all FDI sources, although the magnitude of the impact of the variable varies. The policy variables are also found to have significant positive effects on FDL The labor quality exerts larger influence on Japanese FDI than on U.S. FDI, which may reflect the different structure for coordinating activities between U.S. and Japanese firms. The results for the wage variables are inconclusive. The study also shows the marginal support for the positive effect of cultural proximity between Japanese FDI and the provinces of Manchuria.
Author: Constantino Hevia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Consumption (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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This paper examines the extent of consumption risk sharing for a group of 50 high-income and developing countries. The analysis is based on the empirical implementation of a model of partial consumption insurance whose parameters have the natural interpretation of coefficients of partial risk sharing even when the 0 hypothesis of perfect risk sharing is rejected. The estimation results show that high-income countries exhibit higher degrees of risk sharing than developing countries, and that the gap between the two country groups appears to have widened over the period of financial globalization. Moreover, the pattern of consumption risk sharing is related to the degree of financial openness: countries with more open capital accounts, and larger stocks of foreign assets and liabilities exhibit larger degrees of risk sharing. Yet, larger countries in terms of gross domestic product show lower degrees of consumption risk sharing.
Author: Fabio Canova
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Consumption (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Author: Mingkwan Thongpruksa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Financial globalization has many economic implications for countries. On one hand, it provides protection against national shocks and more efficient global allocation of resources. On the other hand, the financial interlinkage driven by globalization increases the exposure of countries to the financial and real shocks and to the risk of sudden capital reversals. This, in turn, has an impact on countries in various aspects. This dissertation explains the three different roles of financial globalization in individual countries and group of countries. The first essay examines the degree of regional consumption risk sharing of countries in ASEAN+3 and investigates the extent to which financial integration determines the degree of regional consumption risk sharing. There are three main questions that this paper attempts to answer. First, the paper examines whether or not consumption risk sharing exists in ASEAN+3. Second, the paper explores to what directions should they contribute to the degree of regional consumption risk sharing. Finally, this paper examines to what extent ASEAN+3 shares the risk within the region vis-` -vis the rest of the world. According to the a empirical analysis, there is a limited degree of regional and bilateral risk sharing among ASEAN+3 and the degree of such has not changed much during 2000- 2007. However, despite the limited degree of regional risk sharing, countries that invest in ASEAN+3 in moderate proportion, that is, Singapore, Korea, and Thailand, tend to have a higher degree of regional consumption risk sharing than global risk sharing. The second essay addresses the major issues of inflation targeting in Thailand. An empirical study shows there is no evidence that inflation targeting has contributed to economic improvement since Thailand does not perform any better, and even worse in terms of output stability, than non inflation targeting countries. Moreover, the results show that exchange rate channel under the transmission mechanism plays a major role which contradicts the traditional inflation targeting, and thus does not fit Thailand's economy. In addition, SVAR indicates that the disinflation is accompanied by declined and volatility in output, suggesting that the adoption of inflation is not free from expenses. Regarding oil price surge, results obtained from SVAR estimation suggest that any active interest policy is able to help relieve the oil price shock and leaving other variables unaffected while having an impact of shorter duration than does inflation targeting. The third essay presents an analysis of the interrelation between financial institutions and the housing sector in the United States. The evidence presented in the first and the second section of the essay suggests that all economic sectors have increasingly participated in financial investment and have been exposed to a higher degree of volatility in financial investment, combining with changes of regulations, and new available instruments, creating the unsustainable boom in U.S. housing markets during the late 1990s to early 2000s, and later resulted in the subprime crisis. The third section sheds light on the dynamics of house price by the panel error correction formulation. The econometric estimation shows the slow adjustment of housing prices towards long-run equilibrium. The last section examines the spill over effects of housing markets to other economic sectors. The estimated results from VECM indicates the strong and statistically significant of all channels of wealth effect, credit effect, and balance sheet effect.
