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Author: Jozsef Beck
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811225575
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Book Description
We know very little about the time-evolution of many-particle dynamical systems, the subject of our book. Even the 3-body problem has no explicit solution (we cannot solve the corresponding system of differential equations, and computer simulation indicates hopelessly chaotic behaviour). For example, what can we say about the typical time evolution of a large system starting from a stage far from equilibrium? What happens in a realistic time scale? The reader's first reaction is probably: What about the famous Second Law (of thermodynamics)?Unfortunately, there are plenty of notorious mathematical problems surrounding the Second Law. (1) How to rigorously define entropy? How to convert the well known intuitions (like 'disorder' and 'energy spreading') into precise mathematical definitions? (2) How to express the Second Law in forms of a rigorous mathematical theorem? (3) The Second Law is a 'soft' qualitative statement about entropy increase, but does not say anything about the necessary time to reach equilibrium.The object of this book is to answer questions (1)-(2)-(3). We rigorously prove a Time-Quantitative Second Law that works on a realistic time scale. As a by product, we clarify the Loschmidt-paradox and the related reversibility/irreversibility paradox.
Author: Jozsef Beck
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811225575
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 448
Get Book Here
Book Description
We know very little about the time-evolution of many-particle dynamical systems, the subject of our book. Even the 3-body problem has no explicit solution (we cannot solve the corresponding system of differential equations, and computer simulation indicates hopelessly chaotic behaviour). For example, what can we say about the typical time evolution of a large system starting from a stage far from equilibrium? What happens in a realistic time scale? The reader's first reaction is probably: What about the famous Second Law (of thermodynamics)?Unfortunately, there are plenty of notorious mathematical problems surrounding the Second Law. (1) How to rigorously define entropy? How to convert the well known intuitions (like 'disorder' and 'energy spreading') into precise mathematical definitions? (2) How to express the Second Law in forms of a rigorous mathematical theorem? (3) The Second Law is a 'soft' qualitative statement about entropy increase, but does not say anything about the necessary time to reach equilibrium.The object of this book is to answer questions (1)-(2)-(3). We rigorously prove a Time-Quantitative Second Law that works on a realistic time scale. As a by product, we clarify the Loschmidt-paradox and the related reversibility/irreversibility paradox.
Author: József Beck
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789811225567
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Book Description
"We know very little about the time-evolution of many-particle dynamical systems, the subject of our book. Even the 3-body problem has no explicit solution (we cannot solve the corresponding system of differential equations, and computer simulation indicates hopelessly chaotic behaviour). For example, what can we say about the typical time evolution of a large system starting from a stage far from equilibrium? What happens in a realistic time scale? The reader's first reaction is probably: What about the famous Second Law (of thermodynamics)? Unfortunately, there are plenty of notorious mathematical problems surrounding the Second Law. (1) How to rigorously define entropy? How to convert the well known intuitions (like "disorder" and "energy spreading") into precise mathematical definitions? (2) How to express the Second Law in forms of a rigorous mathematical theorem? (3) The Second Law is a "soft" qualitative statement about entropy increase, but does not say anything about the necessary time to reach equilibrium. The object of this book is to answer questions (1)-(2)-(3). We rigorously prove a Time-Quantitative Second Law that works on a realistic time scale. As a by product, we clarify the Loschmidt-paradox and the related reversibility/irreversibility paradox"--
Author: Andrew Granville
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402054041
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
This set of lectures provides a structured introduction to the concept of equidistribution in number theory. This concept is of growing importance in many areas, including cryptography, zeros of L-functions, Heegner points, prime number theory, the theory of quadratic forms, and the arithmetic aspects of quantum chaos. The volume brings together leading researchers from a range of fields who reveal fascinating links between seemingly disparate areas.
Author: Anne Broise-Alamichel
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030183157
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 413
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Book Description
This book provides a complete exposition of equidistribution and counting problems weighted by a potential function of common perpendicular geodesics in negatively curved manifolds and simplicial trees. Avoiding any compactness assumptions, the authors extend the theory of Patterson-Sullivan, Bowen-Margulis and Oh-Shah (skinning) measures to CAT(-1) spaces with potentials. The work presents a proof for the equidistribution of equidistant hypersurfaces to Gibbs measures, and the equidistribution of common perpendicular arcs between, for instance, closed geodesics. Using tools from ergodic theory (including coding by topological Markov shifts, and an appendix by Buzzi that relates weak Gibbs measures and equilibrium states for them), the authors further prove the variational principle and rate of mixing for the geodesic flow on metric and simplicial trees—again without the need for any compactness or torsionfree assumptions. In a series of applications, using the Bruhat-Tits trees over non-Archimedean local fields, the authors subsequently prove further important results: the Mertens formula and the equidistribution of Farey fractions in function fields, the equidistribution of quadratic irrationals over function fields in their completions, and asymptotic counting results of the representations by quadratic norm forms. One of the book's main benefits is that the authors provide explicit error terms throughout. Given its scope, it will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in a wide range of fields, for instance ergodic theory, dynamical systems, geometric group theory, discrete subgroups of locally compact groups, and the arithmetic of function fields.
Author: Fabrizio Polo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
In Chapter 4, we study hyperbolic automorphisms of tori. It is known that Haar measure is the unique invariant measure of maximal entropy. We make this statement effective by showing that an invariant measure having large entropy must integrate Lipschitz functions similarly to Haar measure. On the 2-torus we prove a stronger statement which gives meaningful results even for zero entropy measures. Finally, we prove an analogous result for x2 on the circle (the map x [mapping to] 2x on R / Z ) and give an application to equidistribution of finite invariant sets.
Author: Sébastien Ferenczi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319749080
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
This book concentrates on the modern theory of dynamical systems and its interactions with number theory and combinatorics. The greater part begins with a course in analytic number theory and focuses on its links with ergodic theory, presenting an exhaustive account of recent research on Sarnak's conjecture on Möbius disjointness. Selected topics involving more traditional connections between number theory and dynamics are also presented, including equidistribution, homogenous dynamics, and Lagrange and Markov spectra. In addition, some dynamical and number theoretical aspects of aperiodic order, some algebraic systems, and a recent development concerning tame systems are described.
Author: Idris Assani
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3111435814
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
This book grew out of the 2021 Chapel Hill Ergodic Theory Workshop (https://ergwork.web.unc.edu/schedule-of-talks-201/) during which young and senior researchers presented recent advances in ergodic theory and dynamical systems. Included are original research and survey articles devoted to various topics in Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems. Some are from presenters at this workshop. This book attracts young and senior researchers alike.
Author: J.H. Silverman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 038769904X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 518
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Book Description
This book provides an introduction to the relatively new discipline of arithmetic dynamics. Whereas classical discrete dynamics is the study of iteration of self-maps of the complex plane or real line, arithmetic dynamics is the study of the number-theoretic properties of rational and algebraic points under repeated application of a polynomial or rational function. A principal theme of arithmetic dynamics is that many of the fundamental problems in the theory of Diophantine equations have dynamical analogs.This graduate-level text provides an entry for students into an active field of research and serves as a standard reference for researchers.
Author: Boris Hasselblatt
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316582655
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
The theory of dynamical systems is a major mathematical discipline closely intertwined with all main areas of mathematics. It has greatly stimulated research in many sciences and given rise to the vast new area variously called applied dynamics, nonlinear science, or chaos theory. This introduction for senior undergraduate and beginning graduate students of mathematics, physics, and engineering combines mathematical rigor with copious examples of important applications. It covers the central topological and probabilistic notions in dynamics ranging from Newtonian mechanics to coding theory. Readers need not be familiar with manifolds or measure theory; the only prerequisite is a basic undergraduate analysis course. The authors begin by describing the wide array of scientific and mathematical questions that dynamics can address. They then use a progression of examples to present the concepts and tools for describing asymptotic behavior in dynamical systems, gradually increasing the level of complexity. The final chapters introduce modern developments and applications of dynamics. Subjects include contractions, logistic maps, equidistribution, symbolic dynamics, mechanics, hyperbolic dynamics, strange attractors, twist maps, and KAM-theory.
Author: Luís Barreira
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030159159
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
This book comprises an impressive collection of problems that cover a variety of carefully selected topics on the core of the theory of dynamical systems. Aimed at the graduate/upper undergraduate level, the emphasis is on dynamical systems with discrete time. In addition to the basic theory, the topics include topological, low-dimensional, hyperbolic and symbolic dynamics, as well as basic ergodic theory. As in other areas of mathematics, one can gain the first working knowledge of a topic by solving selected problems. It is rare to find large collections of problems in an advanced field of study much less to discover accompanying detailed solutions. This text fills a gap and can be used as a strong companion to an analogous dynamical systems textbook such as the authors’ own Dynamical Systems (Universitext, Springer) or another text designed for a one- or two-semester advanced undergraduate/graduate course. The book is also intended for independent study. Problems often begin with specific cases and then move on to general results, following a natural path of learning. They are also well-graded in terms of increasing the challenge to the reader. Anyone who works through the theory and problems in Part I will have acquired the background and techniques needed to do advanced studies in this area. Part II includes complete solutions to every problem given in Part I with each conveniently restated. Beyond basic prerequisites from linear algebra, differential and integral calculus, and complex analysis and topology, in each chapter the authors recall the notions and results (without proofs) that are necessary to treat the challenges set for that chapter, thus making the text self-contained.
