Epistatic Interactions Between Smell-Impaired Loci in Drosophila Melanogaster PDF Download
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Author: G. Fedorowicz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Odor-guided behavior is a polygenic trait determined by the concerted expression of multiple loci. Previously, P-element mutagenesis was used to identify single P(lArB) insertions, in a common isogenic background, with homozygous effects on olfactory behavior. Here, we have crossed 12 lines with these smell impaired (SMI) mutations in a half-diallel design (excluding homozygous parental genotypes and reciprocal crosses) to produce all possible 66 doubly heterozygous hybrids with P(lArB) insertions at two distinct locations. The olfactory behavior of the transheterozygous progeny was measured using an assay that quantified the avoidance response to the repellent odorant benzaldehyde. There was significant variation in general combining abilities of avoidance scores among the smi mutants, indicating variation in heterozygous effects. Further, there was significant variation among specific combining abilities of each cross, indicating dependencies of heterozygous effects on the smi locus genotypes, i.e., epistasis. Significant epistatic interactions were identified for nine transheterozygous genotypes, involving 10 of the 12 smi loci. Eight of these loci form an interacting ensemble of genes that modulate expression of the behavioral phenotype. These observations illustrate the power of quantitative genetic analyses to detect subtle phenotypic effects and point to an extensive network of epistatic interactions among genes in the olfactory subgenome.
Author: G. Fedorowicz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Odor-guided behavior is a polygenic trait determined by the concerted expression of multiple loci. Previously, P-element mutagenesis was used to identify single P(lArB) insertions, in a common isogenic background, with homozygous effects on olfactory behavior. Here, we have crossed 12 lines with these smell impaired (SMI) mutations in a half-diallel design (excluding homozygous parental genotypes and reciprocal crosses) to produce all possible 66 doubly heterozygous hybrids with P(lArB) insertions at two distinct locations. The olfactory behavior of the transheterozygous progeny was measured using an assay that quantified the avoidance response to the repellent odorant benzaldehyde. There was significant variation in general combining abilities of avoidance scores among the smi mutants, indicating variation in heterozygous effects. Further, there was significant variation among specific combining abilities of each cross, indicating dependencies of heterozygous effects on the smi locus genotypes, i.e., epistasis. Significant epistatic interactions were identified for nine transheterozygous genotypes, involving 10 of the 12 smi loci. Eight of these loci form an interacting ensemble of genes that modulate expression of the behavioral phenotype. These observations illustrate the power of quantitative genetic analyses to detect subtle phenotypic effects and point to an extensive network of epistatic interactions among genes in the olfactory subgenome.
Author: Christie Elizabeth DesRoches
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494388839
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
All organisms exhibit a wide array of intricate behavioural phenotypes throughout their lifetime. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of these behaviours will ultimately help to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive these behaviours. In this thesis, I explore genetic contributions to feeding behaviour, using Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism. The foraging gene (for) is a very well known genetic regulator of feeding behaviour in Drosophila melanogaster. While for underlies much of the natural variation in foraging behaviour, I am interested in other genes that may contribute to this complex phenotype. I show that a group of previously isolated mutations influencing larval foraging behaviour also influence food intake in Drosophila. In addition, I demonstrate that many of these functionally related mutations interact with one another in a genetic network to influence foraging behaviour. This thesis employs genetic and behavioural analyses to investigate the pleiotropic nature of complex food-related behaviours.
Author: Josh Dubnau
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107009030
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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Book Description
A comprehensive portrayal of the behaviour genetics of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and the methods used in these studies.
Author: Erik Michael Ferragut
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
Author: Kevin J. Mitchell
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118524888
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
Neurodevelopmental disorders arise from disturbances to various processes of brain development, which can manifest in diverse ways. They encompass many rare genetic syndromes as well as common, heritable conditions such as intellectual disability, autism, ADHD, schizophrenia and many types of epilepsy. The Genetics of Neurodevelopmental Disorders examines recent revolutionary advances in our understanding of the genetics of these disorders, exploring both basic discoveries and the translation of new findings into the clinical setting. The book begins by examining the genetic architecture and etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. It describes the striking recent progress in identifying pathogenic mutations, which are grouped here based on the neurodevelopmental processes impacted. Subsequent chapters consider the use of cellular and animal models to elucidate the cascading consequences of such mutations, from molecular and cellular levels to emergent effects on neural circuits, brain systems and subsequent psychological development. The text concludes by examining the important clinical implications of the recent advances in the field, from recognition of the genetic causes in individual patients to development of new treatments and interventions. A timely synthesis, The Genetics of Neurodevelopmental Disorders is a unique and essential resource for neuroscientists, geneticists, neurologists and psychiatrists and an accessible and up-to-date overview for medical and science students.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080458300
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
Current Topics in Developmental Biology provides a comprehensive survey of the major topics in the field of developmental biology. The volumes are valuable to researchers in animal and plant development, as well as to students and professionals who want an introduction to cellular and molecular mechanisms of development. The series has recently passed its 30-year mark, making it the longest-running forum for contemporary issues in developmental biology. This volume contains nine important contributions from leading minds in developmental biology. - Presents major contemporary issues and astonishing discoveries at the forefront of modern developmental biology, stem cells, cloning, and regenerative medicine - Series Editor, Gerald Schatten, is one of the leading minds in reproductive and developmental science - The longest-running forum for current issues in developmental biology with over 30 years of coverage
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1646
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Book Description
Author: Robert R.H. Anholt
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080919898
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
Principles of Behavioral Genetics provides an introduction to the fascinating science that aims to understand how our genes determine what makes us tick. It presents a comprehensive overview of the relationship between genes, brain, and behavior. Introductory chapters give clear explanations of basic processes of the nervous system and fundamental principles of genetics of complex traits without excessive statistical jargon. Individual chapters describe the genetics of social interactions, olfaction and taste, memory and learning, circadian behavior, locomotion, sleep, and addiction, as well as the evolution of behavior. Whereas the focus is on genetics, neurobiological and ecological aspects are also included to provide intellectual breadth. The book uses examples that span the gamut from classical model organisms to non-model systems and human biology, and include both laboratory and field studies. Samples of historical information accentuate the text to provide the reader with an appreciation of the history of the field. This book will be a valuable resource for future generations of scientists who focus on the field of behavioral genetics. - Defines the emerging science of behavioral genetics - Engagingly written by two leading experts in behavioral genetics - Clear explanations of basic quantitative genetic, neurogenetic and genomic applications to the study of behavior - Numerous examples ranging from model organisms to non-model systems and humans - Concise overviews and summaries for each chapter
Author: Andrew P. Hendry
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401005850
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 528
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Book Description
From guppies to Galapagos finches and from adaptive landscapes to haldanes, this compilation of contributed works provides reviews, perspectives, theoretical models, statistical developments, and empirical demonstrations exploring the tempo and mode of microevolution on contemporary to geological time scales. New developments, and reviews, of classic and novel empirical systems demonstrate the strength and diversity of evolutionary processes producing biodiversity within species. Perspectives and theoretical insights expand these empirical observations to explore patterns and mechanisms of microevolution, methods for its quantification, and implications for the evolution of biodiversity on other scales. This diverse assemblage of manuscripts is aimed at professionals, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates who desire a timely synthesis of current knowledge, an illustration of exciting new directions, and a springboard for future investigations in the study of microevolution in the wild.
Author: Kenneth M. Weiss
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471238058
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
In this book the authors draw on what is known, largely from recent research, about the nature of genes and cells, the genetics of development and animal and plant body plans, intra- and interorganismal communication, sensation and perception, to propose that a few basic generalizations, along with the modified application of the classical evolutionary theory, can provide a broader theoretical understanding of genes, evolution, and the diverse and complex nature of living organisms.
