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Author: Egbert K. Duursma
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642801897
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
Any concentration of a substance measured in a living or non-living system results from its distribution among all of the environmental compartments: air, water, sediments, and biota. The transfer of a substance from one compartment to another is regulated by physical forces and the chemical properties of the substance and also those of the compartments. When transfer processes are nearly constant in time, a substance will achieve predictable equilibria distributions. It is of utmost importance that students, environmental scientists, and policymakers understand the basic processes which control the distribution of a substance in order to interpret measurements obtained from within a limited number of compartments.
Author: Egbert K. Duursma
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642801897
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
Any concentration of a substance measured in a living or non-living system results from its distribution among all of the environmental compartments: air, water, sediments, and biota. The transfer of a substance from one compartment to another is regulated by physical forces and the chemical properties of the substance and also those of the compartments. When transfer processes are nearly constant in time, a substance will achieve predictable equilibria distributions. It is of utmost importance that students, environmental scientists, and policymakers understand the basic processes which control the distribution of a substance in order to interpret measurements obtained from within a limited number of compartments.
Author: Bhaskar Nath
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 9780415149075
Category : Bæredygtig udvikling
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
Volume 2: Compartments, Stressors and Sectors, deals with the problems that occur in the three 'compartments' of the environment, namely air, water and soil.
Author: C.J. van Leeuwen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401585202
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 386
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Book Description
In recent years many developments have taken place in promote co-operation between governments and other the field of risk assessment of chemicals. Many reports parties involved in chemical safety and to provide policy have been published by national authorities, industries guidance with emphasis on regional and subregional co and scientific researchers as well as by international bod operation. The Inter-Organization Programme for the ies such as the European Union, the Organization of Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC) was estab Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and lished in 1995 and provides a mechanism for the six par the joint International Programme on Chemical Safety ticipating organizations (UNEP, ILO, FAO, UNIDO,WHO (IPCS) of the World Health Organization (WHO), the and OECD) to better co-ordinate policies and activities in International Labour Organization (lLO), and the United the field of chemical risk management. Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The present book is an introduction to risk assessment of The development and international harmonization of risk chemicals. It contains basic background information on assessment methods is an important challenge. In sources, emissions, distribution and fate processes for Agenda 21 of the United Nations Conference on exposure estimation. It includes dose-effects estimation Environment and Development (UNCED), chapter 19 is for both human health related toxicology and ecotoxicol entirely devoted to the management of chemicals. For ogy as well as information on estimation methodologies. one of its recommendations, i. e.
Author: Louis J. Thibodeaux
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471612957
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 632
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Book Description
What happens to a chemical once it enters the natural environment?How do its physical and chemical properties influence itstransport, persistence, and partitioning in the biosphere? How donatural forces influence its distribution? How are the answers tothese questions useful in making toxicological and epidemiologicalforecasts? Environmental Chemodynamics, Second Edition introduces readers tothe concepts, tools, and techniques currently used to answer theseand other critical questions about the fate and transport ofchemicals in the natural environment. Like its critically acclaimedpredecessor, its main focus is on the mechanisms and rates ofmovement of chemicals across the air/soil, soil/water, andwater/air interfaces, and on how natural processes work to mobilizechemicals near and across interfaces--information vital toperforming human and ecological risk assessments. Also consistent with the first edition, EnvironmentalChemodynamics, Second Edition is organized to accommodate readersof every level of experience. The first section is devoted totheoretical underpinnings and includes discussions of mass balance,thermodynamics, transport science concepts, and more. The secondsection concentrates on practical aspects, including the movementbetween bed-sediment and water, movement between soil and air, andintraphase chemical behavior. This revised and updated edition of Louis J. Thibodeaux's 1979classic features new or expanded coverage of: * Equilibrium models for environmental compartments * Dry deposition of particles and vapors onto water and soilsurfaces * Chemical profiles in rivers and estuaries, particles and porousmedia * Fate and transport in the atmospheric boundary layer and withinsubterranean media * Chemical exchange between water column and bed-sediment * Intraphase chemical transport and fate This Second Edition of Environmental Chemodynamics also includestwice as many references and 50% more exercises and practiceproblems.
Author: Kalliat T. Valsaraj
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429959095
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
Environmental engineering, is by its very nature, interdisciplinary and it is a challenge to develop courses that will provide students with a thorough broad-based curriculum that includes every aspect of the environmental engineering profession. Environmental engineers perform a variety of functions, most critical of which are process design for waste treatment or pollution prevention, fate and transport modeling, green engineering, and risk assessment. Chemical thermodynamics and chemical kinetics, the two main pillars of physical chemistry, are two of the many subjects that are crucial to environmental engineering. Based on the success of the successes of previous editions, Principles of Environmental Thermodynamics and Kinetics, Fourth Edition, provides an overarching view of the applications of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics in various aspects of the field of environmental science and engineering. Written by experts in the field, this new edition offers an improved logical progression of the text with principles and applications, includes new case studies with current relevant environmental events and their relationship to thermodynamics and kinetics, and adds examples and problems for the updated environmental events. It also includes a comprehensive analysis of green engineering with relation applications, updated appendices, and an increased number of thermodynamic and kinetic data for chemical species. While it is primarily intended for undergraduate students at the junior/senior level, the breadth and scope of this book make it a valuable resource for introductory graduate courses and a useful reference for environmental engineers.
Author: Lorris G. Cockerham
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351464639
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 640
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Book Description
Basic Environmental Toxicology provides a thorough, systematic introduction to environmental toxicology and addresses many of the effects of pollutants on humans, animals, and the environment. Readers are introduced to the fundamentals of toxicology and ecotoxicology, the effects of different types of toxicants, and how toxicants affect different compartments of the environment. Fundamental aspects of environmental health, occupational health, detection of pollutants, and risk assessment are discussed. The book is excellent for anyone involved in risk assessment or risk management, toxicologists, state and local public health officials, environmental engineers, industrial managers, consultants, and students taking environmental toxicology courses.
Author: Joanna Szpunar
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1839166584
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
Nanopollutants are nanoparticles that have escaped into the environment and can include engineered nanoparticles as well as nanoparticles that are products of degradation (e.g. nanoplastics) or other processes. As many of these particles are only recently developed or described there is still a lot to learn about where they come from, where they end up and what risks they pose to health and the environment. Offering a wide overview of the most recent research on these emerging contaminants, from the investigation of their sources and fate to the analytical developments for their detection and analysis, this book gives the reader a full picture of the global research on engineered and natural nanoparticles in the environment. Taking a forward-looking perspective with chapters on new nanopollutants, regulatory direction and occurrence in different environmental compartments, this book is a great resource for anyone working in environmental chemistry, nanoscience or environmental regulation.
Author: Kalliat T. Valsaraj
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420078208
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Book Description
Revised, updated, and rewritten where necessary, but keeping the clear writing and organizational style that made previous editions so popular, Elements of Environmental Engineering: Thermodynamics and Kinetics, Third Edition contains new problems and new examples that better illustrate theory. The new edition contains examples with practical flavor such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, nanotechnology, green chemistry, and green engineering. With detailed theoretical discussion and principles illuminated by numerical examples, this book fills the gaps in coverage of the principles and applications of kinetics and thermodynamics in environmental engineering and science. New topics covered include: Green Chemistry and Engineering Biological Processes Life Cycle Analysis Global Climate Change The author discusses the applications of thermodynamics and kinetics and delineates the distribution of pollutants and the interrelationships between them. His demonstration of the theoretical foundations of chemical property estimations gives students an in depth understanding of the limitations of thermodynamics and kinetics as applied to environmental fate and transport modeling and separation processes for waste treatment. His treatment of the material underlines the multidisciplinary nature of environmental engineering. This book is unusual in environmental engineering since it deals exclusively with the applications of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics in environmental processes. The book’s multimedia approach to fate and transport modeling and in pollution control design options provides a science and engineering treatment of environmental problems.
Author: Stefan Fränzle
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527329811
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 435
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Book Description
Dieses Lehrbuch betrachtet ganzheitlich den Bereich Umwelttechnik, baut dabei auf grundlegende Prinzipien der Umweltchemie auf und konzentriert sich auf innovative und nachhaltige Technologien im Rahmen internationaler Regelungen.
Author: Rene P. Schwarzenbach
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118767047
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1026
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Book Description
Examines in a pedagogical way all pertinent molecular and macroscopic processes that govern the distribution and fate of organic chemicals in the environment and provides simple modeling tools to quantitatively describe these processes and their interplay in a given environmental system Treats fundamental aspects of chemistry, physics, and mathematical modeling as applied to environmentally relevant problems, and gives a state of the art account of the field Teaches the reader how to relate the structure of a given chemical to its physical chemical properties and intrinsic reactivities Provides a holistic and teachable treatment of phase partitioning and transformation processes, as well as a more focused and tailor-made presentation of physical, mathematical, and modeling aspects that apply to environmental situations of concern Includes a large number of questions and problems allowing teachers to explore the depth of understanding of their students or allowing individuals who use the book for self-study to check their progress Provides a companion website, which includes solutions for all problems as well as a large compilation of physical constants and compound properties
