Author: ADBI
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 4899740506
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
This is the final report of the Asian Development Bank Institute study Connecting Central Asia with Economic Centers. The study focuses on the five Central Asian economies: Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The aim of the study is to examine the pattern of economic relations between these economies and major economic centers since Central Asia began its transition to a market economy in the early 1990s, highlighting emerging challenges and exploring their policy implications along the way. The report considers trade ties, foreign direct investment and financial flows, migration and remittances, and institutional cooperation between the Central Asian economies and major economic centers such as those in Asia, the European Union, the Russian Federation, and the United States.
Author: Collectif
Publisher: OECD
ISBN: 9264291989
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan have recorded impressive economic growth rates since 2000, driven mainly by the export of commodities and labour. However, the end of the commodity super-cycle and the recent economic slowdown highlighted the risks inherent in this reliance on minerals exports and remittances, as well as the challenges to be overcome to achieve more stable and inclusive growth. The Central Asian countries have long recognised the importance of enhancing the competitiveness of their economies, diversifying the production structures and improving the resilience to external shocks. This will require ambitious reforms in three areas: governance, connectivity, and business environment. This publication focuses mostly on aspects of the business environment and reflects several years of OECD work with Central Asian countries on access to finance, business internationalisation and skills development. Each of the country case studies presented here is the result of a country-specific project carried out by the OECD, hand-in-hand with the governments of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan.
Author: Lars Sondergaard
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821380966
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
Future growth in the countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) will increasingly depend on innovation. And innovation requires skills. This makes it important, as countries plan for recovery, to undertake reforms to reduce the skills shortages that the previous growth episode exposed. Education systems have a very important role to play in creating the right skills. But education systems in the region fall short of the demands of their economies in two major ways. The first is that despite high levels of enrollment they do not produce enough graduates with the right skills. Students graduate with diplomas, not with skills, because the quality of the education for many students is poor. In large part this is because education systems remain focused on providing an excellent education to a few at the expense of improving the quality of learning for the majority. Moreover, the systems are still making the transition from teaching the basics to inculcating higher order skills such as critical-thinking and problem solving. The second way in which education systems fall short is that outside of a few countries in the EU there are few opportunities for adults to retrain, or acquire new skills. This book argues that generating more of the right skills requires a fundamental change of approach in the education systems in the region so that they aim for, and deliver, higher quality education for the vast majority of students (not just diplomas but skills). To start with, education systems need to turn the lights on and take seriously the measurement of what students actually learn as opposed to measurement of the inputs into the education process on the implicit assumption that learning follows. Policy makers also need to move away from the focus on inputs and processes and increase the emphasis on incentives.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264298576
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 706
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Book Description
Future economic development and the well-being of citizens in South East Europe (SEE) increasingly depend on greater economic competitiveness. Realising the region’s economic potential requires a holistic, growth-oriented policy approach. Against the backdrop of enhanced European Union (EU) ...
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264288139
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan have recorded impressive economic growth rates since 2000, driven mainly by the export of commodities and labour.
Author: Marlene Laruelle
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780999621400
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
China¿s Belt and Road (BRI) Initiative was announced by Chinese President Xi Jinping in September 2013 at Nazarbayev University. It is therefore natural that, for its launch, the NAC-NU Central Asia Studies Program, in partnership with GW¿s Central Asia Program, seeks to disentangle the puzzle of the BRI Initiative and its impact on Central Asia. Selected from over 130 proposals, the papers brought together here offer a complex and nuanced analysis of China¿s New Silk Road project: its aims, the challenges facing it, and its reception in Central Asia. Combining methodological and theoretical approaches drawn from disciplines as varied as economics and sociology, and operating at both micro and macro levels, this collection of papers provides the most up-to-date research on China¿s BRI in Central Asia. It also represents the first step toward the creation of a new research hub at Nazarbayev University, aiming to forge new bonds between junior, mid-career, and senior scholars who hail from different regions of the world and belong to different intellectual traditions.
Author: Denise Egéa
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030501272
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
This book brings together internationally prominent scholars renowned for their work on post-Soviet republics, as well as outstanding emerging scholars native of Central Asia in order to discuss the state of education in the Central Asian Republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Drawing on their individual contexts and research, the authors offer analyses and critiques of some of the social, political, and economic issues in education in their respective countries, and some insights about how local actions engage with the challenges and problems, as well as with the possibilities and opportunities they face. Since gaining their independence in 1991, the five republics of Central Asia have been undergoing some enormous political, social, linguistic, cultural, and economic changes, even as we write. This collection shows that researchers are increasingly interested in exploring the development of education in this part of the world. In these countries, education plays a significant role in transitioning from centrally planned to market economies and is seen as the key resource to facilitate entry into the global competitiveness sphere. This book will be of particular interest to educators, researchers, and policy makers engaged in research or with a particular interest in curricula, and education systems and reforms, and to undergraduate and graduate students studying and researching education in Central Asia or in other post-Soviet contexts.
Author: Cordula Rastogi
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821399136
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 133
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Book Description
The Modern Silk Route is critical to the development and integration of Central Asian countries. The book argues that to overcome current supply chain inefficiencies the traditional focus on physical corridors needs to be complemented by a consistent and ambitious set of national reforms in trade and transport facilitation.
Author: Uwe Deichmann
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821397923
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
The Economic Benefits of Climate Action shows how well-designed policies can reduce the ECA region s carbon footprint while promoting growth opportunities and protecting the living standards of lower income households.
Author: Kym Anderson
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292621955
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
Uzbekistan has achieved sustained growth through its gradual transition to a market-based economy through cautious economic policy reforms. Despite its gradual approach to development challenges, the country experienced the smallest output decline among former Soviet economies and enjoyed high rates of economic growth from 2004 to 2015, largely driven by the high prices of its major export commodities. However, the drop in the global prices of many key commodities in recent years have severely impacted Uzbekistan's economy. Under these circumstances, the new government introduced major reforms. The pace of reform is unprecedented. The government has formulated its long-term economic strategy in its Vision 2030, which aims to double the country's gross domestic product by 2030 through a program of economic diversification. This book analyzes how Uzbekistan can boost sustainable economic growth to create more and better jobs. It considers how the country can consolidate achievements from recent policy reforms and maintain reform efforts to accelerate sustainable growth. Policy recommendations cover fostering macroeconomic stability, increasing investment in physical infrastructure, enhancing human capital, improving firms' access to finance, and lowering barriers to international trade and foreign investment inflows.
