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Author: Nancy G. Leveson
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262297302
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 555
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Book Description
A new approach to safety, based on systems thinking, that is more effective, less costly, and easier to use than current techniques. Engineering has experienced a technological revolution, but the basic engineering techniques applied in safety and reliability engineering, created in a simpler, analog world, have changed very little over the years. In this groundbreaking book, Nancy Leveson proposes a new approach to safety—more suited to today's complex, sociotechnical, software-intensive world—based on modern systems thinking and systems theory. Revisiting and updating ideas pioneered by 1950s aerospace engineers in their System Safety concept, and testing her new model extensively on real-world examples, Leveson has created a new approach to safety that is more effective, less expensive, and easier to use than current techniques. Arguing that traditional models of causality are inadequate, Leveson presents a new, extended model of causation (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes, or STAMP), then shows how the new model can be used to create techniques for system safety engineering, including accident analysis, hazard analysis, system design, safety in operations, and management of safety-critical systems. She applies the new techniques to real-world events including the friendly-fire loss of a U.S. Blackhawk helicopter in the first Gulf War; the Vioxx recall; the U.S. Navy SUBSAFE program; and the bacterial contamination of a public water supply in a Canadian town. Leveson's approach is relevant even beyond safety engineering, offering techniques for “reengineering” any large sociotechnical system to improve safety and manage risk.
Author: Nancy G. Leveson
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262297302
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 555
Get Book Here
Book Description
A new approach to safety, based on systems thinking, that is more effective, less costly, and easier to use than current techniques. Engineering has experienced a technological revolution, but the basic engineering techniques applied in safety and reliability engineering, created in a simpler, analog world, have changed very little over the years. In this groundbreaking book, Nancy Leveson proposes a new approach to safety—more suited to today's complex, sociotechnical, software-intensive world—based on modern systems thinking and systems theory. Revisiting and updating ideas pioneered by 1950s aerospace engineers in their System Safety concept, and testing her new model extensively on real-world examples, Leveson has created a new approach to safety that is more effective, less expensive, and easier to use than current techniques. Arguing that traditional models of causality are inadequate, Leveson presents a new, extended model of causation (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes, or STAMP), then shows how the new model can be used to create techniques for system safety engineering, including accident analysis, hazard analysis, system design, safety in operations, and management of safety-critical systems. She applies the new techniques to real-world events including the friendly-fire loss of a U.S. Blackhawk helicopter in the first Gulf War; the Vioxx recall; the U.S. Navy SUBSAFE program; and the bacterial contamination of a public water supply in a Canadian town. Leveson's approach is relevant even beyond safety engineering, offering techniques for “reengineering” any large sociotechnical system to improve safety and manage risk.
Author: Nancy Leveson
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 716
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Book Description
We are building systems today-and using computers to control them-that have the potential for large-scale destruction of life and environment. More than ever, software engineers and system developers, as well as their managers, must understand the issues and develop the skills needed to anticipate and prevent accidents. Nancy Leveson examines what is currently known about building safe electromechanical systems and looks at past accidents to see what practical lessons can be applied to new computer-controlled systems.
Author: Roger L. Brauer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471750921
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 766
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Book Description
The essential guide to blending safety and health with economical engineering Over time, the role of the engineer has evolved into a complex combination of duties and responsibilities. Modern engineers are required not only to create products and environments, but to make them safe and economical as well. Safety and Health for Engineers, Second Edition is a comprehensive guide that helps engineers reconcile safety and economic concerns using the latest cost-effective methods of ensuring safety in all facets of their work. It addresses the fundamentals of safety, legal aspects, hazard recognition, the human element of safety, and techniques for managing safety in engineering decisions. Like its successful predecessor, this Second Edition contains a broad range of topics and examples, detailed references to information and standards, real-world application exercises, and a significant bibliography of books for each chapter. Inside this indispensable resource, you'll find: * The duties and legal responsibilities for which engineers are accountable * Updated safety laws and regulations and their enforcement agencies * An in-depth study of hazards and their control * A thorough discussion of human behavior, capabilities, and limitations * Key instruction on managing safety and health through risk management, safety analyses, and safety plans and programs Additionally, Safety and Health for Engineers includes the latest legal considerations, new risk analysis methods, system safety and decision-making tools, and today's concepts and methods in ergonomic design. It also contains revised reference figures and tables, OSHA permissible exposure limits, and updated examples and exercises taken from real cases that challenged engineering designs. Written for engineers, plant managers, safety professionals, and students, Safety and Health for Engineers, Second Edition provides the information and tools you need to unite health and safety with economical engineering for safer technological solutions.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309068371
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Experts estimate that as many as 98,000 people die in any given year from medical errors that occur in hospitals. That's more than die from motor vehicle accidents, breast cancer, or AIDSâ€"three causes that receive far more public attention. Indeed, more people die annually from medication errors than from workplace injuries. Add the financial cost to the human tragedy, and medical error easily rises to the top ranks of urgent, widespread public problems. To Err Is Human breaks the silence that has surrounded medical errors and their consequenceâ€"but not by pointing fingers at caring health care professionals who make honest mistakes. After all, to err is human. Instead, this book sets forth a national agendaâ€"with state and local implicationsâ€"for reducing medical errors and improving patient safety through the design of a safer health system. This volume reveals the often startling statistics of medical error and the disparity between the incidence of error and public perception of it, given many patients' expectations that the medical profession always performs perfectly. A careful examination is made of how the surrounding forces of legislation, regulation, and market activity influence the quality of care provided by health care organizations and then looks at their handling of medical mistakes. Using a detailed case study, the book reviews the current understanding of why these mistakes happen. A key theme is that legitimate liability concerns discourage reporting of errorsâ€"which begs the question, "How can we learn from our mistakes?" Balancing regulatory versus market-based initiatives and public versus private efforts, the Institute of Medicine presents wide-ranging recommendations for improving patient safety, in the areas of leadership, improved data collection and analysis, and development of effective systems at the level of direct patient care. To Err Is Human asserts that the problem is not bad people in health careâ€"it is that good people are working in bad systems that need to be made safer. Comprehensive and straightforward, this book offers a clear prescription for raising the level of patient safety in American health care. It also explains how patients themselves can influence the quality of care that they receive once they check into the hospital. This book will be vitally important to federal, state, and local health policy makers and regulators, health professional licensing officials, hospital administrators, medical educators and students, health caregivers, health journalists, patient advocatesâ€"as well as patients themselves. First in a series of publications from the Quality of Health Care in America, a project initiated by the Institute of Medicine
Author: Richard Sheng
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012817272X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
Systems Engineering for Aerospace: A Practical Approach applies insights gained from systems engineering to real-world industry problems. The book describes how to measure and manage an aircraft program from start to finish. It helps readers determine input, process and output requirements, from planning to testing. Readers will learn how to simplify design through production and acquire a lifecycle strategy using Integrated Master Plan/Schedule (IMP/IMS). The book directly addresses improved aircraft system design tools and processes which, when implemented, contribute to simpler, lower cost and safer airplanes. The book helps the reader understand how a product should be designed, identifying the customer's requirements, considering all possible components of an integrated master plan, and executing according to the plan with an integrated master schedule. The author demonstrates that systems engineering offers a means for aircraft companies to become more effective and profitable. - Describes how to measure and manage an aircraft program - Instructs on how to determine essential input, process and output requirements - Teaches how to simplify the design process, thus allowing for increased profit - Provides a lifecycle strategy using Integrated Master Plan/Schedule (IMP/IMS) - Identifies cost driver influences on people, products and processes
Author: David V. MacCollum
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 007148244X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
The author is one of the world's foremost experts, with nearly 35 years as a consultant specializing in safety research and hazard analysis.
Author: Eugene S. Ferguson
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262560788
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
In this insightful and incisive essay, Eugene Ferguson demonstrates that good engineering is as much a matter of intuition and nonverbal thinking as of equations and computation. He argues that a system of engineering education that ignores nonverbal thinking will produce engineers who are dangerously ignorant of the many ways in which the real world differs from the mathematical models constructed in academic minds.
Author: Joseph D. Miller
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119579678
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
Contains practical insights into automotive system safety with a focus on corporate safety organization and safety management Functional Safety has become important and mandated in the automotive industry by inclusion of ISO 26262 in OEM requirements to suppliers. This unique and practical guide is geared toward helping small and large automotive companies, and the managers and engineers in those companies, improve automotive system safety. Based on the author’s experience within the field, it is a useful tool for marketing, sales, and business development professionals to understand and converse knowledgeably with customers and prospects. Automotive System Safety: Critical Considerations for Engineering and Effective Management teaches readers how to incorporate automotive system safety efficiently into an organization. Chapters cover: Safety Expectations for Consumers, OEMs, and Tier 1 Suppliers; System Safety vs. Functional Safety; Safety Audits and Assessments; Safety Culture; and Lifecycle Safety. Sections on Determining Risk; Risk Reduction; and Safety of the Intended Function are also presented. In addition, the book discusses causes of safety recalls; how to use metrics as differentiators to win business; criteria for a successful safety organization; and more. Discusses Safety of the Intended Function (SOTIF), with a chapter about an emerging standard (SOTIF, ISO PAS 21448), which is for handling the development of autonomous vehicles Helps safety managers, engineers, directors, and marketing professionals improve their knowledge of the process of FS standards Aimed at helping automotive companies—big and small—and their employees improve system safety Covers auditing and the use of metrics Automotive System Safety: Critical Considerations for Engineering and Effective Management is an excellent book for anyone who oversees the safety and development of automobiles. It will also benefit those who sell and market vehicles to prospective customers.
Author: Les Hatton
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Companies
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
This important and timely book contains vital information for all developers working with C, whether in high-integrity areas or not, who need to produce reliable and effective software.
Author: Trevor A. Kletz
Publisher: IChemE
ISBN: 9780852954300
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
This is an updated and expanded new edition of Trevor Kletz's work, including more examples of accidents caused by the various types of human error. It suggests to engineers how they might approach the problem of human error, and does so by describing accidents, which at first sight seem to be the result of human error. The author sets down his views on human error as a cause of accidents and illustrates them by describing a number of accidents that have occurred, mainly in the oil and chemical industries. He uses a pragmatic approach, rather than theoretical, to suggest new ways of looking at accident prevention.
