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Author: Marieke Rohde
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9491216341
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
This is an unusual book. It launches a new style of research into the nature of the mind, a style that pro?ciently uncovers, explores and exploits the synergies between complex systems thinking, sophisticated theoretical critique, synthetic modeling technologies and experimental work. Rather than adopting a grandiose programmatic approach, Marieke Rohde presents us with a pragmatic conjunction of elements, each of them strongly feeding off the others and making it impossible to shelf her work strictly under any one rubric such as psychology, robotics, arti?cial intelligence or philosophy of mind. Perhaps the least unjust choice is to call this a work of new cognitive science. It is yesterday’s news to remark on how our conceptual framework for understanding c- plex systems is changing. There is a recognized need to supplement the scienti?c categories of mechanistic, XIX century thought for new ways of thinking about non-linear forms of interaction and inter-relation between events and processes at multiple scales. Since the times of cybernetics and in parallel to the development of the computer as a scienti?c tool, we have witnessed several proposals for “revolutionary” ways of dealing with complexity: catastrophe theory, general systems theory, chaos, self-organized criticality, complex n- works, etc. Despite not always ful?lling their stated potential, these ideas have helped us increase our capability to understand complex systems and have in general left us with new concepts, new tools and new ways of formulating questions. This conceptual change, however, has not been homogeneous.
Author: Marieke Rohde
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9491216341
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 254
Get Book Here
Book Description
This is an unusual book. It launches a new style of research into the nature of the mind, a style that pro?ciently uncovers, explores and exploits the synergies between complex systems thinking, sophisticated theoretical critique, synthetic modeling technologies and experimental work. Rather than adopting a grandiose programmatic approach, Marieke Rohde presents us with a pragmatic conjunction of elements, each of them strongly feeding off the others and making it impossible to shelf her work strictly under any one rubric such as psychology, robotics, arti?cial intelligence or philosophy of mind. Perhaps the least unjust choice is to call this a work of new cognitive science. It is yesterday’s news to remark on how our conceptual framework for understanding c- plex systems is changing. There is a recognized need to supplement the scienti?c categories of mechanistic, XIX century thought for new ways of thinking about non-linear forms of interaction and inter-relation between events and processes at multiple scales. Since the times of cybernetics and in parallel to the development of the computer as a scienti?c tool, we have witnessed several proposals for “revolutionary” ways of dealing with complexity: catastrophe theory, general systems theory, chaos, self-organized criticality, complex n- works, etc. Despite not always ful?lling their stated potential, these ideas have helped us increase our capability to understand complex systems and have in general left us with new concepts, new tools and new ways of formulating questions. This conceptual change, however, has not been homogeneous.
Author: John Stewart
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262526018
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 489
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Book Description
A comprehensive presentation of an approach that proposes a new account of cognition at levels from the cellular to the social. This book presents the framework for a new, comprehensive approach to cognitive science. The proposed paradigm, enaction, offers an alternative to cognitive science's classical, first-generation Computational Theory of Mind (CTM). Enaction, first articulated by Varela, Thompson, and Rosch in The Embodied Mind (MIT Press, 1991), breaks from CTM's formalisms of information processing and symbolic representations to view cognition as grounded in the sensorimotor dynamics of the interactions between a living organism and its environment. A living organism enacts the world it lives in; its embodied action in the world constitutes its perception and thereby grounds its cognition. Enaction offers a range of perspectives on this exciting new approach to embodied cognitive science. Some chapters offer manifestos for the enaction paradigm; others address specific areas of research, including artificial intelligence, developmental psychology, neuroscience, language, phenomenology, and culture and cognition. Three themes emerge as testimony to the originality and specificity of enaction as a paradigm: the relation between first-person lived experience and third-person natural science; the ambition to provide an encompassing framework applicable at levels from the cell to society; and the difficulties of reflexivity. Taken together, the chapters offer nothing less than the framework for a far-reaching renewal of cognitive science. Contributors Renaud Barbaras, Didier Bottineau, Giovanna Colombetti, Diego Cosmelli, Hanne De Jaegher, Ezequiel A. Di Paolo. Andreas K. Engel, Olivier Gapenne, Véronique Havelange, Edwin Hutchins, Michel Le Van Quyen, Rafael E. Núñez, Marieke Rohde, Benny Shanon, Maxine Sheets-Johnstone, Adam Sheya, Linda B. Smith, John Stewart, Evan Thompson
Author: Risto Uro
Publisher:
ISBN: 019874787X
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 753
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Book Description
The Handbook provides an indispensable account of the ritual world of early Christianity from the beginning of the movement up to the end of the sixth century.
Author: Albert Newen
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191054364
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 1029
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Book Description
4E cognition (embodied, embedded, enactive, and extended) is a relatively young and thriving field of interdisciplinary research. It assumes that cognition is shaped and structured by dynamic interactions between the brain, body, and both the physical and social environments. With essays from leading scholars and researchers, The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition investigates this recent paradigm. It addresses the central issues of embodied cognition by focusing on recent trends, such as Bayesian inference and predictive coding, and presenting new insights, such as the development of false belief understanding. The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition also introduces new theoretical paradigms for understanding emotion and conceptualizing the interactions between cognition, language, and culture. With an entire section dedicated to the application of 4E cognition in disciplines such as psychiatry and robotics, and critical notes aimed at stimulating discussion, this Oxford handbook is the definitive guide to 4E cognition. Aimed at neuroscientists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and philosophers, The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition will be essential reading for anyone with an interest in this young and thriving field.
Author: Ulrich Pfeiffer
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889191044
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 587
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Book Description
The burgeoning field of social neuroscience has begun to illuminate the complex biological bases of human social cognitive abilities. However, in spite of being based on the premise of investigating the neural bases of interacting minds, the majority of studies have focused on studying brains in isolation using paradigms that investigate offline social cognition, i.e. social cognition from a detached observer's point of view, asking study participants to read out the mental states of others without being engaged in interaction with them. Consequently, the neural correlates of real-time social interaction have remained elusive and may —paradoxically— represent the 'dark matter' of social neuroscience. More recently, a growing number of researchers have begun to study online social cognition, i.e. social cognition from a participant's point of view, based on the assumption that there is something fundamentally different when we are actively engaged with others in real-time social interaction as compared to when we merely observe them. Whereas, for offline social cognition, interaction and feedback are merely a way of gathering data about the other person that feeds into processing algorithms 'inside’ the agent, it has been proposed that in online social cognition the knowledge of the other —at least in part— resides in the interaction dynamics ‘between’ the agents. Furthermore being a participant in an ongoing interaction may entail a commitment toward being responsive created by important differences in the motivational foundations of online and offline social cognition. In order to promote the development of the neuroscientific investigation of online social cognition, this Frontiers Research Topic aims at bringing together contributions from researchers in social neuroscience and related fields, whose work involves the study of at least two individuals and sometimes two brains, rather than single individuals and brains responding to a social context. Specifically, this Research Topic will adopt an interdisciplinary perspective on what it is that separates online from offline social cognition and the putative differences in the recruitment of underlying processes and mechanisms. Here, an important focal point will be to address the various roles of social interaction in contributing to and —at times— constituting our awareness of other minds. For this Research Topic, we, therefore, solicit reviews, original research articles, opinion and method papers, which address the investigation of social interaction and go beyond traditional concepts and ways of experimentation in doing so. While focusing on work in the neurosciences, this Research Topic also welcomes contributions in the form of behavioral studies, psychophysiological investigations, methodological innovations, computational approaches, developmental and patient studies. By focusing on cutting-edge research in social neuroscience and related fields, this Frontiers Research Topic will create new insights concerning the neurobiology of social interaction and holds the promise of helping social neuroscience to really go social.
Author: Paul van Geert
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108853889
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 381
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Book Description
Psychological science constructs much of the knowledge that we consume in our everyday lives. This book is a systematic analysis of this process, and of the nature of the knowledge it produces. The authors show how mainstream scientific activity treats psychological properties as being fundamentally stable, universal, and isolable. They then challenge this status quo by inviting readers to recognize that dynamics, context-specificity, interconnectedness, and uncertainty, are a natural and exciting part of human psychology – these are not things to be avoided and feared, but instead embraced. This requires a shift toward a process-based approach that recognizes the situated, time-dependent, and fundamentally processual nature of psychological phenomena. With complex dynamic systems as a framework, this book sketches out how we might move toward a process-based praxis that is more suitable and effective for understanding human functioning.
Author: Alice C Helliwell
Publisher: Anthem Press
ISBN: 1839991372
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 147
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Book Description
This collection brings together work on the relevance of Wittgenstein’s philosophy to the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Over two volumes, our contributors cover a wide range of topics from different disciplinary approaches. In this Volume (I), contributions are centred on two major themes in the philosophy of AI: questions of mind and language. Contributions include chapters on AI thought, intentionality, logic and language, as well as the relationship between Wittgenstein’s thought and Turing’s.
Author: Miguel García-Valdecasas
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319305026
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 201
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Book Description
Some may consider that the language and concepts of philosophy will eventually be superseded by those of neuroscience. This book questions such a naïve assumption and through a variety of perspectives and traditions, the authors show the possible contributions of philosophy to non-reductive forms of neuroscientific research. Drawing from the full range and depth of philosophical thought, from hylomorphism to ethics, by way of dynamical systems, enactivism and value theory, amongst other topics, this edited work promotes a rich form of interdisciplinary exchange. Chapters explore the analytic, phenomenological and pragmatic traditions of philosophy, and most share a common basis in the Aristotelian tradition. Contributions address one or more aspects of subjectivity in relation to science, such as the meaning and scope of naturalism and the place of consciousness in nature, or the relation between intentionality, teleology, and causality. Readers may further explore the nature of life and its relation to mind and then the role of value in mind and nature. This book shows how philosophy might contribute to real explanatory progress in science while remaining faithful to the full complexity of the phenomena of life and mind. It will be of interest to both philosophers and neuroscientists, as well as those engaged in interdisciplinary cooperation between philosophy and science.
Author: John Stewart
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262014602
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 483
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Book Description
Introduction / John Stewart, Olivier Gapenne, Ezequiel Di Paolo -- Foundational issues in enaction as a paradigm for cognitive science : from the origin of life to consciousness and writing / John Stewart -- Horizons for the enactive mind : value, social interaction, and play / Ezequiel Di Paolo, Marieke Rohde and Hanneke De Jaegher -- Life and exteriority : the problem of metabolism / Renaud Barbaras -- Development through sensory-motor coordination / Adam Sheya and Linda B. Smith -- Enaction, sense-making and emotion / Giovanna Colombetti -- Thinking in movement / Maxine Sheets-Johnstone -- Kinesthesis and the construction of perceptual objects / Olivier Gapenne -- Directive minds : how dynamics shapes cognition / Andreas Engel -- Neurodynamics and phenomenology in mutual enlightenment : the example of the -- Epileptic aura / Michel Le Van Quyen -- Language and enation / Didier Bottineau -- Enacting infinity : bringing transfinite cardinals into being / Rafael E. Naaez -- The ontological constitution of cognition and the epistemological constitution of -- Cognitive science : phenomenology, enaction and technology / Varonique Havelange -- Embodiment or envatment? reflections on the bodily basis of consciousness / Diego Cosmelli and Evan Thompson -- Towards a phenomenological psychology of the conscious / Benny Shanon -- Enaction, imagination, and insight / Edwin Hutchins.
Author: Jack Reynolds
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1350227455
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
This fully revised and updated 2nd edition provides a comprehensive reference guide to existentialism, featuring key chapters on key existentialist thinkers, as well as chapters applying existentialism to subject areas ranging across politics, literature, feminism, religion, the emotions, cognitive science, and poststructuralism. Contemporary developments in the field of existentialism that speak to issues of identity and exclusion are explored in 4 new chapters on race, gender, disability, and technology, whilst the 5th new chapter new chapter outlines analytic philosophy's complicated relationship to existentialism. Presenting the field of existentialism beyond the European tradition, this edition also includes a new key thinker chapter on Frantz Fanon, alongside Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre and de Beauvoir, as well as new engagement with the work of scholars on race and existentialism, including Lewis R. Gordon, George Yancy, and Richard Wright. The resources section at the end of the book includes an updated A to Z glossary, and timeline of key events, texts and thinkers in existentialism, as well as a list of relevant organisations, and an annotated guide to further reading, making this 2nd edition an invaluable text for scholars and students alike.
