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Author: Dennis Shasha
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780484760812
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Excerpt from Efficient and Correct Execution of Parallel Programs That Share Memory In this paper, we consider an Optimization problem that arises in the execution Of parallel programs on shared memory multiple-instruction stream multiple-data stream (mimd) computers. A program on such a machine consists of many program segments each executed sequentially by a single processor. The processors have access to shared memory, and can execute standard memory access operations on this shared memory. This memory is distributed among many separate memory modules. A network connects processors to memory modules. Delays on this network are stochastic. Thus, Operations issued by a processor to distinct memory modules may not be executed as memory requests on those modules in the order they were issued. For performance reasons, we want to allow one operation to begin before a previous one in the same instruction Our analysis gives a method for determining which operations in a stream may be issued concurrently without changing the semantics Of the execution. We also consider code where blocks of Operations have to be executed atomically. This introduces the necessity of locks. We use a conflict graph similar to that used to schedule transactions in distributed databases. Our graph incorporates the order on Operations given by the program text, enabling us to do without locks even when database conflict graphs would suggest that locks are necessary. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Dennis Shasha
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780484760812
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 48
Get Book Here
Book Description
Excerpt from Efficient and Correct Execution of Parallel Programs That Share Memory In this paper, we consider an Optimization problem that arises in the execution Of parallel programs on shared memory multiple-instruction stream multiple-data stream (mimd) computers. A program on such a machine consists of many program segments each executed sequentially by a single processor. The processors have access to shared memory, and can execute standard memory access operations on this shared memory. This memory is distributed among many separate memory modules. A network connects processors to memory modules. Delays on this network are stochastic. Thus, Operations issued by a processor to distinct memory modules may not be executed as memory requests on those modules in the order they were issued. For performance reasons, we want to allow one operation to begin before a previous one in the same instruction Our analysis gives a method for determining which operations in a stream may be issued concurrently without changing the semantics Of the execution. We also consider code where blocks of Operations have to be executed atomically. This introduces the necessity of locks. We use a conflict graph similar to that used to schedule transactions in distributed databases. Our graph incorporates the order on Operations given by the program text, enabling us to do without locks even when database conflict graphs would suggest that locks are necessary. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Dennis Shasha
Publisher: Sagwan Press
ISBN: 9781376983883
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. Ultracomputer Research Laboratory
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematical optimization
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Dennis Shasha
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781293415436
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Author: Julian Shun
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool
ISBN: 1970001895
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 445
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Book Description
Parallelism is the key to achieving high performance in computing. However, writing efficient and scalable parallel programs is notoriously difficult, and often requires significant expertise. To address this challenge, it is crucial to provide programmers with high-level tools to enable them to develop solutions easily, and at the same time emphasize the theoretical and practical aspects of algorithm design to allow the solutions developed to run efficiently under many different settings. This thesis addresses this challenge using a three-pronged approach consisting of the design of shared-memory programming techniques, frameworks, and algorithms for important problems in computing. The thesis provides evidence that with appropriate programming techniques, frameworks, and algorithms, shared-memory programs can be simple, fast, and scalable, both in theory and in practice. The results developed in this thesis serve to ease the transition into the multicore era. The first part of this thesis introduces tools and techniques for deterministic parallel programming, including means for encapsulating nondeterminism via powerful commutative building blocks, as well as a novel framework for executing sequential iterative loops in parallel, which lead to deterministic parallel algorithms that are efficient both in theory and in practice. The second part of this thesis introduces Ligra, the first high-level shared memory framework for parallel graph traversal algorithms. The framework allows programmers to express graph traversal algorithms using very short and concise code, delivers performance competitive with that of highly-optimized code, and is up to orders of magnitude faster than existing systems designed for distributed memory. This part of the thesis also introduces Ligra+, which extends Ligra with graph compression techniques to reduce space usage and improve parallel performance at the same time, and is also the first graph processing system to support in-memory graph compression. The third and fourth parts of this thesis bridge the gap between theory and practice in parallel algorithm design by introducing the first algorithms for a variety of important problems on graphs and strings that are efficient both in theory and in practice. For example, the thesis develops the first linear-work and polylogarithmic-depth algorithms for suffix tree construction and graph connectivity that are also practical, as well as a work-efficient, polylogarithmic-depth, and cache-efficient shared-memory algorithm for triangle computations that achieves a 2–5x speedup over the best existing algorithms on 40 cores. This is a revised version of the thesis that won the 2015 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award.
Author: R. L. Bagrodia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Data structures (Computer science)
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Abstract: "The efficiency of a parallel program is related to the implementation of its data structures on the distributed (or shared) memory of a specific architecture. This paper describes a declarative approach that may be used to modify the mapping of the program data on a specific architecture. The ideas are developed in the context of a new language called UC and its implementation on the Connection Machine. The paper also contains measurements on sample programs to illustrate the effectiveness of data mappings in improving the execution efficiency of a program."
Author: Subodh Kumar
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009276301
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In modern computer science, there exists no truly sequential computing system; and most advanced programming is parallel programming. This is particularly evident in modern application domains like scientific computation, data science, machine intelligence, etc. This lucid introductory textbook will be invaluable to students of computer science and technology, acting as a self-contained primer to parallel programming. It takes the reader from introduction to expertise, addressing a broad gamut of issues. It covers different parallel programming styles, describes parallel architecture, includes parallel programming frameworks and techniques, presents algorithmic and analysis techniques and discusses parallel design and performance issues. With its broad coverage, the book can be useful in a wide range of courses; and can also prove useful as a ready reckoner for professionals in the field.
Author: Jesus Carretero
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319495836
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 695
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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2016, held in Granada, Spain, in December 2016. The 30 full papers and 22 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 117 submissions. They cover many dimensions of parallel algorithms and architectures, encompassing fundamental theoretical approaches, practical experimental projects, and commercial components and systems trying to push beyond the limits of existing technologies, including experimental efforts, innovative systems, and investigations that identify weaknesses in existing parallel processing technology.
Author: David Padua
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387097651
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 2211
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Book Description
Containing over 300 entries in an A-Z format, the Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing provides easy, intuitive access to relevant information for professionals and researchers seeking access to any aspect within the broad field of parallel computing. Topics for this comprehensive reference were selected, written, and peer-reviewed by an international pool of distinguished researchers in the field. The Encyclopedia is broad in scope, covering machine organization, programming languages, algorithms, and applications. Within each area, concepts, designs, and specific implementations are presented. The highly-structured essays in this work comprise synonyms, a definition and discussion of the topic, bibliographies, and links to related literature. Extensive cross-references to other entries within the Encyclopedia support efficient, user-friendly searchers for immediate access to useful information. Key concepts presented in the Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing include; laws and metrics; specific numerical and non-numerical algorithms; asynchronous algorithms; libraries of subroutines; benchmark suites; applications; sequential consistency and cache coherency; machine classes such as clusters, shared-memory multiprocessors, special-purpose machines and dataflow machines; specific machines such as Cray supercomputers, IBM’s cell processor and Intel’s multicore machines; race detection and auto parallelization; parallel programming languages, synchronization primitives, collective operations, message passing libraries, checkpointing, and operating systems. Topics covered: Speedup, Efficiency, Isoefficiency, Redundancy, Amdahls law, Computer Architecture Concepts, Parallel Machine Designs, Benmarks, Parallel Programming concepts & design, Algorithms, Parallel applications. This authoritative reference will be published in two formats: print and online. The online edition features hyperlinks to cross-references and to additional significant research. Related Subjects: supercomputing, high-performance computing, distributed computing
Author: Anurag Sah
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Parallel programming (Computer science)
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
The study of general purpose parallel computing requires efficientat and inexpensive platforms for parallel program execution. This helps in ascertaining tradeoff choices between hardware complexity and software solutions for massively paralel systems design. In this report, we present an implementation of an efficient parallel execution model on shared memory multiprocessors based ona Threaded Abstract Machine. We discuss a k-way generalized locking strategy suitable for our model. We study the performance gains obtained by a queuing strategy whicwhich uses multiple queues with reduced access contention. We also present perforrformance models in shared memory machines, related to lock contention and serialization in shared memory allocation. A bia-based memory management technique which reduces the serialization is presented. These issues are critical for obtaining an efficient parallel execution environment.
