Effects of Nutrients and Exercise on the Molecular Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Healthy Humans PDF Download
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Author: Leonidas G. Karagounis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
Author: Leonidas G. Karagounis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
Author: Mark Hargreaves
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 9780736041034
Category : Energy metabolism
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
A comprehensive reference for biochemists, sport nutritionists, exercise physiologists, and graduate students in those disciplines. Provides information on the metabolic processes that take place during exercise, examining in depth the mobilization and utilization of substrates during physical activity. Focuses primarily on the skeletal muscle, but also discusses the roles of the liver and adipose tissue. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Daniel R. Moore
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
Author: Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (France)
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782865802296
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
Author: Olasunkanmi Adegoke
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889746992
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
Author: Daniel Moore
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288966189X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Author: Louise Deldicque
Publisher: VDM Publishing
ISBN: 9783836492355
Category : Science
Languages : de
Pages : 264
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Book Description
A significant advance in understanding skeletal muscle adaptation to physical training has been the observation that nutrients and exercise work in synergy to enhance muscle protein synthesis. Physical activity triggers an adaptive response to which nutrition provides the necessary building blocks for an optimal response. The aim of the present work is to contribute to the understanding of the molecular events induced by exercise or nutrients (creatine and amino acids) to create the adaptive environment and to induce the cellular adaptation and growth, respectively. Amino acids influence the expression of muscle-specific genes and regulate mTOR, a kinase implicated in the control of protein translation. We have highlighted that changes in the phosphorylation state of mTOR do not necessarily lead to changes in the rate of protein synthesis. In vitro, creatine largely enhances protein anabolism and cell differentiation. We have identified the p38 and the Akt/PKB pathways as mediators of these effects. Nevertheless we were unable to confirm the existence of similar events in human skeletal muscle in vivo.
Author: Antonios Matsakas
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832482938
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Skeletal muscle is a complex and heterogeneous tissue capable of remarkable adaptation in response to various stimuli such as exercise training. Molecular biology approaches have made a large contribution to our current understanding of how mechanical loading can alter gene expression and muscle protein synthesis rates in skeletal muscle. The steady-state level of a given mRNA is a function of both its rate of synthesis and its rate of degradation, implying that the rate of change in response to a cellular stimulus is dependent on the dynamics of mRNA turnover. Changes in muscle mRNA steady-state levels can be taken as an index of changes in gene expression, constituting currently one of the best described and understood molecular events that underlie muscle plasticity. The discovery of new growth factors involved in the regulation of muscle development provides a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the adaptation of skeletal muscle to exercise training. Since it has been shown that changes in contractile function can be brought about by switching on one subset and repressing another subset of genes, it was hypothesized that the steady state level of multiple mRNAs (growth factors and metabolic genes) involved in regulatory functions in a muscle which is frequently recruited during exercise is different between endurance trained versus untrained rats. Recent scientific data indicate that myostatin constitutes a limiting factor in normal muscle development playing a crucial role in skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Nevertheless, there are only scarce data so far about the role of myostatin in the exercise-induced skeletal muscle adaptation. The transient changes in regulatory and structural gene expression provide the molecular basis of the adaptability of the skeletal muscle to exercise stimulus. To get an insight into the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle adaptation, the main objective of this study was to examine the effect of both the short- and long- term effect of exercise (five day of swimming vs. chronic wheel running) on IGF-I and MSTN (positive and negative skeletal muscle regulators respectively) mRNA contents in male Wistar rats. Potential increase of positive and/or decrease of negative regulators of muscle growth lead to enhanced muscle-progenitor proliferation providing a new perspective in the mechanism of muscle adaptability. It was hypothesized that exercise training could be [...]
Author: Brian McDonagh
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889451968
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 103
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Book Description
Skeletal muscle represents the largest organ of the human body and comprises about 40% of total body mass in humans. Even in people who ‘age well’, there is a noticeable loss of muscle strength and function that accelerates dramatically after the age of 60, a major factor in the reduction in life quality for the aging population. One of the most effective interventions to maintain muscle mass and function is through exercise. Skeletal muscle generates reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen (ROS/RNS) species in response to muscle contractions. The concentration and species of ROS/RNS generated can depend on the age and fitness of the individual, muscle fibre type and the intensity of the muscle contractions. ROS/RNS generate unique signaling cascades that are not only essential in skeletal muscle contraction and adaptation but also play a role in a wide array of cell processes including cell proliferation, protein synthesis/degradation, immune response and antioxidant defense. ROS/RNS generated by contractions are involved in a co-ordinated local response that is tightly controlled at all levels from generation to detoxification. This collection of original articles and reviews highlights investigations that measure different aspects of the redox response of skeletal muscle to aging and exercise.
Author: J. R. Poortmans
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805576072
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 315
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Book Description
This unique volume provides a comprehensive review of the biochemistry of exercise. Written by internationally renowned experts, the publication has been completely revised and updated. The present edition follows the new concepts of applied biochemistry which have emerged recently in the scientific literature. Genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics are nowadays common terms used to the elucidation of gene function, expression of proteins and comprehensive analysis of all the metabolites in a tissue. The major steps of biochemistry are considered in active survey in this new 3rd edition of an already acclaimed publication. The book is a valuable source for all exercise biochemists and physiologists, sports physicians, graduate students in physical education and physical therapy, and postgraduate research fellows.
