Author: Frank M. D'Itri
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781566701396
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 504
Get Book Here
Book Description
Subirrigation and Controlled Drainage provides information by four subject groups: subirrigation/controlled drainage system planning and operation, economic/production impact, environmental impact, and barriers to further implementation of water table management systems. The chapter authors address water table management opportunities and issues by providing results and discussions of their research and experience. The book provides essential information to anyone associated with shallow water table management for agricultural production.
Author: Mfon Essien
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Based on evidence from scientific studies, increases in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions are a contributing factor to climate change that have global implications. Climate change has the potential of having detrimental effects on environmental quality and sustainability. Canada, as a member of the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is committed to reducing its GHG emissions. As a result of this commitment, the Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Program (AGGP) was established to undertake research in order to develop and implement GHG mitigation strategies. The AGGP partnered with the Brace Centre for Water Resource Management to investigate water table management (WTM) systems that could have the potential for increasing yields and reducing GHG emissions. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the on-farm and off-farm costs and benefits of alternate drainage technologies. Benefit-cost analysis (BCA) was used to determine the Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return and Benefit Costs Ratio of Controlled drainage with Sub-irrigation (CDSI) and Tile/Field Drainage (FD). The on-farm private benefit-cost analysis was based on data from a project site in St. Emmanuelle, Quebec. The historical yield data were based on data gathered from the site between 1993 and 2014 and projected for the next 20 years (useful life of the irrigation system) prices and costs were projected from 2015 to 2034. There was no statistically significant difference in the yields between the two irrigation systems. The Benefit Cost ratio for installing CDSI was 1.03 and 1.13 for FD. The net present value (NPV) at a 3.75% discount rate was C$713.12 for CDSI and C$1,501.5 for FD. An estimation of off-farm benefits was performed, by incorporating GHG emissions costs into the analysis and the results revealed a Benefit Cost Ratio of 1.01 and 1.12 for CDSI and FD respectively. Based on these results, it would be preferable for farmers to adopt FD, which is the status quo, situation. " --
Author: Waltina Scheumann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642590446
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 288
Get Book Here
Book Description
Salinization of soils is a major threat to irrigated agriculture and counteracts the targets of costly public infrastructure investments. In this study, salinization is regarded as the outcome of an institutional arrangement which impedes the effective implementation of well-known and well-established control measures be they technical, managerial or economic. In public irrigation systems neither the management units nor the farmers are offered any incentives towards the control of high groundwater levels and salinization if the management units are embedded in a highly centralized non-market institutional setting. The author answers the question under which conditions management units and irrigators are active in halting and reversing the process of salinization.
Author: Hector M. Malano
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351434241
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 160
Get Book Here
Book Description
This monograph provides an overview of the principles required for a service orientation in the management of irrigation and drainage systems. The material covered is designed to emphasize an area largely neglected in the irrigation and drainage management literature. The dominating philosophy underlying this book is that irrigation and drainage systems must be managed as a service business responsive to the needs and changing requirements of its customers. It is postulated that this service approach to the management of irrigation and drainage systems consitutes a key element of the startegy that is needed to improve the current level of performance of many irrigation and drainage systems worldwide. Enhanced performance of irrigation is a prerequisite if we are to face the enormous challenge of producing greater quantities of food to meet the demand of a growing population. This is particularly the case in an environment with increasing competition for water from industry and urban water users, set against mounting concerns about environmental sustainability.
Author: Madramootoo
Publisher: Daya Books
ISBN: 9788170354116
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 112
Get Book Here
Book Description
There are several concerns about the sustainability of irrigation and drainage projects, many of which are related to the quality and disposal of drainage water. Inadequate drainage and improper drainage water disposal have led to land degradation due to water logging and salinity. There have been instances where saline or high nutrient drainage water has damaged aquatic ecosystems. Drainage continues to be a vital and necessary component of agricultural production systems. In order to enhance the net benefits of drainage systems, more attention will need to be given to the water quality impacts of drainage water disposal. This document identifies potential problems and management options in the development, production, treatment and disposal of agricultural drainage water. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction by Chandra A Madramootoo; Need for artificial drainage, Agricultural, environmental and socio-economic benefits of drainage, Types of drainage systems, Surface drainage, Subsurface drainage, Secondary drainage treatments, Environmental impact assessment, Water quality issues, Drainage water management and disposal options, On-farm source control, Re-use of drainage water, Disposal and management of drainage water in closed basins, Water table management, Planning and designing drainage systems to protect and enhance water quality; Chapter 2: Drainage Water Quality by Dennis Westcot; Water quality charactersitics, Pesticides, Toxic trace elements, Nutrients, Sediment, Bacteria, Temperature, Salinity and major ions, Sulphurous compounds, Protection of beneficial uses, Domestic and drinking water, Industrial supply, Agricultural supply, Aquatic life, Recreation; Chapter 3: Water Table Management by Daniel Zimmer and Chandra A Madramootoo; General features, Water table control structures, Water quality benefits, Drainage hydrology and water quality, Nutrients, Pesticides, Operational aspects, Farm or catchment scale, Topography and soils, Monitoring requirements; Chapter 4: Drainage Water Re-Use; Re-use for crop irrigation by Michael C Shannon; Effects of salinity on crop growth and yield, Agricultural management practices, Managing cycling and blending strategies, Re-use for saline agriculture and forestry by Vashek Cervinka, Concept of agriculture-forestry systems and solar evaporators, System design and planning, Re-use in a natural wetland by Dick A Daniel, Re-use of surface drainage water, Re-use of subsurface drainage water; Chapter 5: Drainage Water Treatment by Lawrence Owns; Physical, chemical and biological treatment processes, Selection of treatment process, Methods of treatment, Physical/chemical treatment, Biological treatment, A treatment example, Treatment in constructed wetlands by Walter J Ochs, Flow-through wetland functions, Planning and design of flow through wetlands, Hydraulic and geohydraulic characteristics, Soils and geologic characteristics, Vegetative characteristics, Implementation, monitoring and management; Chapter 6: Drainage Water Disposal; Disposal to natural hydrological systems by William R Johnston, Land application and retirement by William R Johnston, Evaporation ponds by Kenneth K Tanji, Constructed evaporation ponds, Pond hydrology, Pond water chemistry and mineralogy, Pond biology and toxicity, Biological, chemical and physical treatment options, Deep will injection by Robert T Burns, Concept and technology, Environmental considerations, Geological considerations, Case study; Chapter 7: Health Issues Related to Drainage Water Management by Martin S Fritsch; The interactions between drainage, water management and health, Water related diseases and their vectors, Incidence of diseases - cases and mortality, Vector-borne diseases: transmission by insects, Water-based diseases: transmission by aquatic and semi-aquatic snails, Water-borne excreta related infections, Health risks and chemical pollution, Integrated control of transmission of vector-borne diseases, Components of integrated control approaches, Environmental management for vector control, Environmental management measures in drainage water management, Drainage water treatment, re-use and disposal, Environmental management measures applied to drainage structures, Development of control strategies; Chapter 8: Institutional Arrangements by Ashok Subramanian; Issues and problems, Objectives and interest groups, Need for regulation, conservation and communication, Role of public and private agencies and water users, Institutional mechanisms, Laws and regulations, Corporate organizations, Participatory planning, Incentives for water quality enhancement, Monitoring, Institutional capacity.
Author: United States. Agricultural Research Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drainage
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Robert O. Evans
Author: Robert O. Evans
Author: Robert Evans
Author: Richard Charles Warner
Author: Chin S. Tan