Author: Rita Temmerman
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027269491
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 313
Book Description
The urge to understand all aspects of human experience more and better seems to be one of the motives underlying cognitive development in many domains of human existence. Understanding more and better is at the basis of knowledge creation and extension. One way of getting access to how understanding comes about and how knowledge is the result of a continuous dynamics of understanding and misunderstanding is by studying the cognitive potential and the development of natural language(s) and more particularly of terminology, in specialized domains. In this volume on dynamics and terminology, thirteen contributors illustrate that human cognition is a dynamic process in a variety of socio-cognitive and cultural settings. The case studies encompass a panoply of methodologies and deal with subjects ranging from the dynamics of legal understanding in multilingual Europe, over financial, economic and scientific terminology in several cultural and linguistic settings, to language policy issues in multilingual environments. All thirteen contributors link the dynamics of cognition to the creative potential of language as a repository of past and present experience in cultural settings and to the creation of neologisms in domain-specific languages. Attention is given to the functionality of indeterminacy, vagueness, polysemy, ambiguity, synonymy, metaphor and phraseology. In this volume terminology is researched and discussed from an interdisciplinary perspective, combining insights developed over the last decades in communicative terminology, socio-terminology, socio-cognitive terminology, cultural terminology, with tools and methods from cognitive linguistics, corpus linguistics, sociolinguistics, frame semantics, semiotics, knowledge engineering and statistics.
Dynamics and Terminology
Author: Rita Temmerman
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027269491
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 313
Book Description
The urge to understand all aspects of human experience more and better seems to be one of the motives underlying cognitive development in many domains of human existence. Understanding more and better is at the basis of knowledge creation and extension. One way of getting access to how understanding comes about and how knowledge is the result of a continuous dynamics of understanding and misunderstanding is by studying the cognitive potential and the development of natural language(s) and more particularly of terminology, in specialized domains. In this volume on dynamics and terminology, thirteen contributors illustrate that human cognition is a dynamic process in a variety of socio-cognitive and cultural settings. The case studies encompass a panoply of methodologies and deal with subjects ranging from the dynamics of legal understanding in multilingual Europe, over financial, economic and scientific terminology in several cultural and linguistic settings, to language policy issues in multilingual environments. All thirteen contributors link the dynamics of cognition to the creative potential of language as a repository of past and present experience in cultural settings and to the creation of neologisms in domain-specific languages. Attention is given to the functionality of indeterminacy, vagueness, polysemy, ambiguity, synonymy, metaphor and phraseology. In this volume terminology is researched and discussed from an interdisciplinary perspective, combining insights developed over the last decades in communicative terminology, socio-terminology, socio-cognitive terminology, cultural terminology, with tools and methods from cognitive linguistics, corpus linguistics, sociolinguistics, frame semantics, semiotics, knowledge engineering and statistics.
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027269491
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 313
Book Description
The urge to understand all aspects of human experience more and better seems to be one of the motives underlying cognitive development in many domains of human existence. Understanding more and better is at the basis of knowledge creation and extension. One way of getting access to how understanding comes about and how knowledge is the result of a continuous dynamics of understanding and misunderstanding is by studying the cognitive potential and the development of natural language(s) and more particularly of terminology, in specialized domains. In this volume on dynamics and terminology, thirteen contributors illustrate that human cognition is a dynamic process in a variety of socio-cognitive and cultural settings. The case studies encompass a panoply of methodologies and deal with subjects ranging from the dynamics of legal understanding in multilingual Europe, over financial, economic and scientific terminology in several cultural and linguistic settings, to language policy issues in multilingual environments. All thirteen contributors link the dynamics of cognition to the creative potential of language as a repository of past and present experience in cultural settings and to the creation of neologisms in domain-specific languages. Attention is given to the functionality of indeterminacy, vagueness, polysemy, ambiguity, synonymy, metaphor and phraseology. In this volume terminology is researched and discussed from an interdisciplinary perspective, combining insights developed over the last decades in communicative terminology, socio-terminology, socio-cognitive terminology, cultural terminology, with tools and methods from cognitive linguistics, corpus linguistics, sociolinguistics, frame semantics, semiotics, knowledge engineering and statistics.
The Dynamics of Terminology
Author: Ky? Kageura
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027223289
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 331
Book Description
The discovery of rules for the systematicity and dynamics of terminology creations is essential for a sound basis of a theory of terminology. This quest provides the driving force for The Dynamics of Terminology in which Dr. Kageura demonstrates the interaction of these two factors on a specific corpus of Japanese terminology which, beyond the necessary linguistic circumstances, also has a model character for similar studies. His detailed examination of the relationships between terms and their constituent elements, the relationships among the constituent elements and the type of conceptual combinations used in the construction of the terminology permits deep insights into the systematic thought processes underlying term creation. To compensate for the inherent limitation of a purely descriptive analysis of conceptual patterns, Dr. Kageura offers a quantitative analysis of the patterns of the growth of terminology. His fascinating and unique contribution to our understanding of the terminological process reveals the powerful interaction of linguistic possibilities and the naming process of conceptual entities.
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027223289
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 331
Book Description
The discovery of rules for the systematicity and dynamics of terminology creations is essential for a sound basis of a theory of terminology. This quest provides the driving force for The Dynamics of Terminology in which Dr. Kageura demonstrates the interaction of these two factors on a specific corpus of Japanese terminology which, beyond the necessary linguistic circumstances, also has a model character for similar studies. His detailed examination of the relationships between terms and their constituent elements, the relationships among the constituent elements and the type of conceptual combinations used in the construction of the terminology permits deep insights into the systematic thought processes underlying term creation. To compensate for the inherent limitation of a purely descriptive analysis of conceptual patterns, Dr. Kageura offers a quantitative analysis of the patterns of the growth of terminology. His fascinating and unique contribution to our understanding of the terminological process reveals the powerful interaction of linguistic possibilities and the naming process of conceptual entities.
The Quantitative Analysis of the Dynamics and Structure of Terminologies
Author: Kyo Kageura
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027272468
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 265
Book Description
The dynamics and systematicity of terminology: this book addresses these essential and intriguing aspects of terminology, by using quantitative methodologies which have been underutilized in the field to date. Through the analysis of the Japanese terminologies of six domains and with special reference to the dynamic behaviour and the status of borrowed and native morphemes, the book reveals: (a) how borrowed and native morphemes contribute to the construction of these terminologies, and how these contributions are likely to change as the terminologies grow; (b) how borrowed and native morphemes contribute to the systematicity or systematic representation of conceptual systems; and (c) how borrowed and native morphemes are related to each other and to what extent they are mixed in constructing terminologies. It also examines the epistemological implications of applying these quantitative methodologies, which leads back to such essential questions as the relationship between terminology as a whole and individual terms and what we understand terms to be when we talk about the growth of terminologies. The book should be of interest to a wide audience, including theoretical terminologists, terminographers, quantitative linguists, computational linguists, lexicologists and lexicographers.
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027272468
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 265
Book Description
The dynamics and systematicity of terminology: this book addresses these essential and intriguing aspects of terminology, by using quantitative methodologies which have been underutilized in the field to date. Through the analysis of the Japanese terminologies of six domains and with special reference to the dynamic behaviour and the status of borrowed and native morphemes, the book reveals: (a) how borrowed and native morphemes contribute to the construction of these terminologies, and how these contributions are likely to change as the terminologies grow; (b) how borrowed and native morphemes contribute to the systematicity or systematic representation of conceptual systems; and (c) how borrowed and native morphemes are related to each other and to what extent they are mixed in constructing terminologies. It also examines the epistemological implications of applying these quantitative methodologies, which leads back to such essential questions as the relationship between terminology as a whole and individual terms and what we understand terms to be when we talk about the growth of terminologies. The book should be of interest to a wide audience, including theoretical terminologists, terminographers, quantitative linguists, computational linguists, lexicologists and lexicographers.
Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics
Author: Thomas Gillespie
Publisher: SAE International
ISBN: 1468601768
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 512
Book Description
A world-recognized expert in the science of vehicle dynamics, Dr. Thomas Gillespie has created an ideal reference book that has been used by engineers for 30 years, ranging from an introduction to the subject at the university level to a common sight on the desks of engineers throughout the world. As with the original printing, Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics, Revised Edition, strives to find a middle ground by balancing the need to provide detailed conceptual explanations of the engineering principles involved in the dynamics of ground vehicles with equations and example problems that clearly and concisely demonstrate how to apply such principles. A study of this book will ensure that the reader comes away with a solid foundation and is prepared to discuss the subject in detail. Ideal as much for a first course in vehicle dynamics as it is a professional reference, Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics, Revised Edition, maintains the tradition of the original by being easy to read and while receiving updates throughout in the form of modernized graphics and improved readability. Inasmuch as the first edition proved to be so popular, the Revised Edition intends to carry on that tradition for a new generation of engineers.
Publisher: SAE International
ISBN: 1468601768
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 512
Book Description
A world-recognized expert in the science of vehicle dynamics, Dr. Thomas Gillespie has created an ideal reference book that has been used by engineers for 30 years, ranging from an introduction to the subject at the university level to a common sight on the desks of engineers throughout the world. As with the original printing, Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics, Revised Edition, strives to find a middle ground by balancing the need to provide detailed conceptual explanations of the engineering principles involved in the dynamics of ground vehicles with equations and example problems that clearly and concisely demonstrate how to apply such principles. A study of this book will ensure that the reader comes away with a solid foundation and is prepared to discuss the subject in detail. Ideal as much for a first course in vehicle dynamics as it is a professional reference, Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics, Revised Edition, maintains the tradition of the original by being easy to read and while receiving updates throughout in the form of modernized graphics and improved readability. Inasmuch as the first edition proved to be so popular, the Revised Edition intends to carry on that tradition for a new generation of engineers.
The Illustrated Dictionary of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos
Author: Tomasz Kapitaniak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 292
Book Description
The study of nonlinear dynamics is one of the most active fields in modern science. It reaches across the whole range of scientific study, and is applied in fields as diverse as physics, engineering, biology, economics and medicine. However, the mathematical language used to describe nonlinear dynamics, and the proliferation of new terminology, can make the use of nonlinear dynamics a daunting task to the non-specialist. In addition,the simultaneous growth in the use of nonlinear dynamics across different fields, and the cross-fertilization of ideas from different disciplines, mean that names and methods used and developed in one field may be altered when 're-discovered' in a different context, making understanding the literature a difficult and time-consuming task. The Illustrated Dictionary of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos addresses these problems. It presents, in an alphabetical format, the key terms, theorems and equations which arise in the study of nonlinear dynamics. New mathematical ideas are described and explained with examples and, where appropriate, illustrations are included to aid clarification and understanding. For some entries, the descriptions are self-contained, but should more detail be required, references are included for further reading. Where alternative terms are used for a single concept, an entry is placed under the name in most common usage, with cross-references given under other names. The Illustrated Dictionary of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos is an invaluable reference source for all those who use nonlinear dynamics in their research, whether they are newcomers to the field who need help to understand the literature, or more experienced researchers who need a concise and handy reference.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 292
Book Description
The study of nonlinear dynamics is one of the most active fields in modern science. It reaches across the whole range of scientific study, and is applied in fields as diverse as physics, engineering, biology, economics and medicine. However, the mathematical language used to describe nonlinear dynamics, and the proliferation of new terminology, can make the use of nonlinear dynamics a daunting task to the non-specialist. In addition,the simultaneous growth in the use of nonlinear dynamics across different fields, and the cross-fertilization of ideas from different disciplines, mean that names and methods used and developed in one field may be altered when 're-discovered' in a different context, making understanding the literature a difficult and time-consuming task. The Illustrated Dictionary of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos addresses these problems. It presents, in an alphabetical format, the key terms, theorems and equations which arise in the study of nonlinear dynamics. New mathematical ideas are described and explained with examples and, where appropriate, illustrations are included to aid clarification and understanding. For some entries, the descriptions are self-contained, but should more detail be required, references are included for further reading. Where alternative terms are used for a single concept, an entry is placed under the name in most common usage, with cross-references given under other names. The Illustrated Dictionary of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos is an invaluable reference source for all those who use nonlinear dynamics in their research, whether they are newcomers to the field who need help to understand the literature, or more experienced researchers who need a concise and handy reference.
Handbook of Terminology
Author: Hendrik J. Kockaert
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027269564
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 561
Book Description
Terminology has started to explore unbeaten paths since Wüster, and has nowadays grown into a multi-facetted science, which seems to have reached adulthood, thanks to integrating multiple contributions not only from different linguistic schools, including computer, corpus, variational, socio-cognitive and socio-communicative linguistics, and frame-based semantics, but also from engineering and formal language developers. In this ever changing and diverse context, Terminology offers a wide range of opportunities ranging from standardized and prescriptive to prototype and user-based approaches. At this point of its road map, Terminology can nowadays claim to offer user-based and user-oriented, hence user-friendly, approaches to terminological phenomenona, when searching, extracting and analysing relevant terminology in online corpora, when building term bases that contribute to efficient communication among domain experts in languages for special purposes, or even when proposing terms and definitions formed on the basis of a generally agreed consensus in international standard bodies. Terminology is now ready to advance further, thanks to the integration of meaning description taking into account dynamic natural language phenomena, and of consensus-based terminology management in order to help experts communicate in their domain-specific languages. In this Handbook of Terminology (HoT), the symbiosis of Terminology with Linguistics allows a mature and multi-dimensional reflection on terminological phenomena, which will eventually generate future applications which have not been tested yet in natural language. The HoT aims at disseminating knowledge about terminology (management) and at providing easy access to a large range of topics, traditions, best practices, and methods to a broad audience: students, researchers, professionals and lecturers in Terminology, scholars and experts from other disciplines (among which linguistics, life sciences, metrology, chemistry, law studies, machine engineering, and actually any expert domain). In addition, the HoT addresses any of those with a professional or personal interest in (multilingual) terminology, translation, interpreting, localization, editing, etc., such as communication specialists, translators, scientists, editors, public servants, brand managers, engineers, (intercultural) organization specialists, and experts in any field. Moreover, the HoT offers added value, in that it is the first handbook with this scope in Terminology which has both a print edition (also available as a PDF e-book) and an online version. For access to the Handbook of Terminology Online, please visit ahref="HTTP: DESIGNTIMESP="27189" www.benjamins.com online hot ?http://www.benjamins.com/online/hot//a . The HoT is linked to the Handbook of Translation Studies, not in the least because of its interdisciplinary approaches, but also because of the inevitable intertwining between translation and terminology. All chapters are written by specialists in the different subfields and are peer-reviewed.
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027269564
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 561
Book Description
Terminology has started to explore unbeaten paths since Wüster, and has nowadays grown into a multi-facetted science, which seems to have reached adulthood, thanks to integrating multiple contributions not only from different linguistic schools, including computer, corpus, variational, socio-cognitive and socio-communicative linguistics, and frame-based semantics, but also from engineering and formal language developers. In this ever changing and diverse context, Terminology offers a wide range of opportunities ranging from standardized and prescriptive to prototype and user-based approaches. At this point of its road map, Terminology can nowadays claim to offer user-based and user-oriented, hence user-friendly, approaches to terminological phenomenona, when searching, extracting and analysing relevant terminology in online corpora, when building term bases that contribute to efficient communication among domain experts in languages for special purposes, or even when proposing terms and definitions formed on the basis of a generally agreed consensus in international standard bodies. Terminology is now ready to advance further, thanks to the integration of meaning description taking into account dynamic natural language phenomena, and of consensus-based terminology management in order to help experts communicate in their domain-specific languages. In this Handbook of Terminology (HoT), the symbiosis of Terminology with Linguistics allows a mature and multi-dimensional reflection on terminological phenomena, which will eventually generate future applications which have not been tested yet in natural language. The HoT aims at disseminating knowledge about terminology (management) and at providing easy access to a large range of topics, traditions, best practices, and methods to a broad audience: students, researchers, professionals and lecturers in Terminology, scholars and experts from other disciplines (among which linguistics, life sciences, metrology, chemistry, law studies, machine engineering, and actually any expert domain). In addition, the HoT addresses any of those with a professional or personal interest in (multilingual) terminology, translation, interpreting, localization, editing, etc., such as communication specialists, translators, scientists, editors, public servants, brand managers, engineers, (intercultural) organization specialists, and experts in any field. Moreover, the HoT offers added value, in that it is the first handbook with this scope in Terminology which has both a print edition (also available as a PDF e-book) and an online version. For access to the Handbook of Terminology Online, please visit ahref="HTTP: DESIGNTIMESP="27189" www.benjamins.com online hot ?http://www.benjamins.com/online/hot//a . The HoT is linked to the Handbook of Translation Studies, not in the least because of its interdisciplinary approaches, but also because of the inevitable intertwining between translation and terminology. All chapters are written by specialists in the different subfields and are peer-reviewed.
Introduction to Dynamics
Author: Ian Percival
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521281492
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
In this book, the subject of dynamics is introduced at undergraduate level through the elementary qualitative theory of differential equations, the geometry of phase curves and the theory of stability. The text is supplemented with over a hundred exercises.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521281492
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
In this book, the subject of dynamics is introduced at undergraduate level through the elementary qualitative theory of differential equations, the geometry of phase curves and the theory of stability. The text is supplemented with over a hundred exercises.
New Insights into the Semantics of Legal Concepts and the Legal Dictionary
Author: Martina Bajčić
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 902726600X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Book Description
This book focuses on legal concepts from the dual perspective of law and terminology. While legal concepts frame legal knowledge and take center stage in law, the discipline of terminology has traditionally been about concept description. Exploring topics common to both disciplines such as meaning, conceptualization and specialized knowledge transfer, the book gives a state-of-the-art account of legal interpretation, legal translation and legal lexicography with special emphasis on EU law. The special give-and-take of law and terminology is illuminated by real-life legal cases which demystify the ways courts do things with concepts. This original approach to the semantics of legal concepts is then incorporated into the making of a legal dictionary, thus filling a gap in the theory and practice of legal lexicography. With its rich repertoire of examples of legal terms in different languages, the book provides a blend of theory and practice, making it a valuable resource not only for scholars of law, language and lexicography but also for legal translators and students.
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 902726600X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Book Description
This book focuses on legal concepts from the dual perspective of law and terminology. While legal concepts frame legal knowledge and take center stage in law, the discipline of terminology has traditionally been about concept description. Exploring topics common to both disciplines such as meaning, conceptualization and specialized knowledge transfer, the book gives a state-of-the-art account of legal interpretation, legal translation and legal lexicography with special emphasis on EU law. The special give-and-take of law and terminology is illuminated by real-life legal cases which demystify the ways courts do things with concepts. This original approach to the semantics of legal concepts is then incorporated into the making of a legal dictionary, thus filling a gap in the theory and practice of legal lexicography. With its rich repertoire of examples of legal terms in different languages, the book provides a blend of theory and practice, making it a valuable resource not only for scholars of law, language and lexicography but also for legal translators and students.
Microsoft Dynamics 365 For Dummies
Author: Renato Bellu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111950886X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 386
Book Description
Accelerate your digital transformation and break down silos with Microsoft Dynamics 365 It’s no secret that running a business involves several complex parts like managing staff, financials, marketing, and operations—just to name a few. That’s where Microsoft Dynamics 365, the most profitable business management tool, comes in. In Microsoft Dynamics 365 For Dummies, you’ll learn the aspects of the program and each of its applications from Customer Service to Financial Management. With expert author Renato Bellu’s clear instructions and helpful tips, you’ll be managing to your fullest advantage before you know it. Let’s get started! Digitally transform your business by connecting CRM and ERP Use data to make decisions across all business functions Integrate Dynamics 365 with Office 365 and LinkedIn Manage financials and operations Are you running a dynamic business? This book shows you how!
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111950886X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 386
Book Description
Accelerate your digital transformation and break down silos with Microsoft Dynamics 365 It’s no secret that running a business involves several complex parts like managing staff, financials, marketing, and operations—just to name a few. That’s where Microsoft Dynamics 365, the most profitable business management tool, comes in. In Microsoft Dynamics 365 For Dummies, you’ll learn the aspects of the program and each of its applications from Customer Service to Financial Management. With expert author Renato Bellu’s clear instructions and helpful tips, you’ll be managing to your fullest advantage before you know it. Let’s get started! Digitally transform your business by connecting CRM and ERP Use data to make decisions across all business functions Integrate Dynamics 365 with Office 365 and LinkedIn Manage financials and operations Are you running a dynamic business? This book shows you how!
Vehicle Dynamics and Control
Author: Rajesh Rajamani
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461414326
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 516
Book Description
Vehicle Dynamics and Control provides a comprehensive coverage of vehicle control systems and the dynamic models used in the development of these control systems. The control system applications covered in the book include cruise control, adaptive cruise control, ABS, automated lane keeping, automated highway systems, yaw stability control, engine control, passive, active and semi-active suspensions, tire-road friction coefficient estimation, rollover prevention, and hybrid electric vehicles. In developing the dynamic model for each application, an effort is made to both keep the model simple enough for control system design but at the same time rich enough to capture the essential features of the dynamics. A special effort has been made to explain the several different tire models commonly used in literature and to interpret them physically. In the second edition of the book, chapters on roll dynamics, rollover prevention and hybrid electric vehicles have been added, and the chapter on electronic stability control has been enhanced. The use of feedback control systems on automobiles is growing rapidly. This book is intended to serve as a useful resource to researchers who work on the development of such control systems, both in the automotive industry and at universities. The book can also serve as a textbook for a graduate level course on Vehicle Dynamics and Control.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461414326
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 516
Book Description
Vehicle Dynamics and Control provides a comprehensive coverage of vehicle control systems and the dynamic models used in the development of these control systems. The control system applications covered in the book include cruise control, adaptive cruise control, ABS, automated lane keeping, automated highway systems, yaw stability control, engine control, passive, active and semi-active suspensions, tire-road friction coefficient estimation, rollover prevention, and hybrid electric vehicles. In developing the dynamic model for each application, an effort is made to both keep the model simple enough for control system design but at the same time rich enough to capture the essential features of the dynamics. A special effort has been made to explain the several different tire models commonly used in literature and to interpret them physically. In the second edition of the book, chapters on roll dynamics, rollover prevention and hybrid electric vehicles have been added, and the chapter on electronic stability control has been enhanced. The use of feedback control systems on automobiles is growing rapidly. This book is intended to serve as a useful resource to researchers who work on the development of such control systems, both in the automotive industry and at universities. The book can also serve as a textbook for a graduate level course on Vehicle Dynamics and Control.