Drosophila T-box Transcription Factor Midline Functions in the Notch-Delta Signaling Pathway to Regulate Sensory Organ Precursor Cell Fate and Cell Survival and Embryonic Development Profile of Midline, Senseless, and Achaete in the CNS and PNS PDF Download
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Author: Joseph Dean Saucier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Central nervous system
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
The gene mid of Drosophila is a highly conserved gene that codes for a T-box transcription factor with similar functionality to its vertebrate homolog Tbx20. Mid and Tbx20 are important for their roles in heart and CNS development. Additionally, these transcription factors aid in proper eye development but this area of research is vastly understudied. This study uses the eye of Drosophila to report that mid and its paralog H15 expression aid in the specification of sensory organ precursor (SOP) cell fates and cell survival in the pupal eye imaginal disc. Using RNAi interference to reduce mid expression resulted in the loss of interommatidial bristles as well as cell death due to the misspecification of SOP cells during pupal development. We completed genetic studies to place mid in the Notch-Delta genetic pathway because it is known to specify SOP cell fates and were able to determine that Mid functions downstream of Notch, upstream of the Enhancer of Split (E(Spl)) gene complex, and tentatively parallel with Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)) in the pathway. Additionally, mid interactions with extramacrochaete (emc) and Senseless (sens) play a role in cell survival. These studies suggest that Mid functions within the Notch- Delta signaling pathway with a dual role of cell-fate specification and cell survival. Another aspect of this research study was to evaluate the role of Mid in the developing central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) of Drosophila embryos. Mid expression was compared to the expression of Sens and Achaete (Ac), SOP cell markers during various stages of embryonic development. Our results show a coordinated co-expression pattern of Sens and Ac with Mid. Sens is highly expressed in the PNS of stages prior to stage 12 and then fades. Ac is expressed in the neurons of the CNS and PNS in early stages and continues after stage 12, which is when Mid expression begins. Ac is co-expressed with Mid beginning in stage 12. Further experiments will be performed using mid-RNAi embryos to evaluate if reducing mid expression affects the expression patterns of Sens and Ac. This research has clinical applications to further the understanding of developmental and neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS, PNS, and eye. Additionally, Mid may have a link to the development of cancer, an area of research that will be studied in the Leal lab in the future.--P. vi-vii.
Author: Joseph Dean Saucier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Central nervous system
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
The gene mid of Drosophila is a highly conserved gene that codes for a T-box transcription factor with similar functionality to its vertebrate homolog Tbx20. Mid and Tbx20 are important for their roles in heart and CNS development. Additionally, these transcription factors aid in proper eye development but this area of research is vastly understudied. This study uses the eye of Drosophila to report that mid and its paralog H15 expression aid in the specification of sensory organ precursor (SOP) cell fates and cell survival in the pupal eye imaginal disc. Using RNAi interference to reduce mid expression resulted in the loss of interommatidial bristles as well as cell death due to the misspecification of SOP cells during pupal development. We completed genetic studies to place mid in the Notch-Delta genetic pathway because it is known to specify SOP cell fates and were able to determine that Mid functions downstream of Notch, upstream of the Enhancer of Split (E(Spl)) gene complex, and tentatively parallel with Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)) in the pathway. Additionally, mid interactions with extramacrochaete (emc) and Senseless (sens) play a role in cell survival. These studies suggest that Mid functions within the Notch- Delta signaling pathway with a dual role of cell-fate specification and cell survival. Another aspect of this research study was to evaluate the role of Mid in the developing central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) of Drosophila embryos. Mid expression was compared to the expression of Sens and Achaete (Ac), SOP cell markers during various stages of embryonic development. Our results show a coordinated co-expression pattern of Sens and Ac with Mid. Sens is highly expressed in the PNS of stages prior to stage 12 and then fades. Ac is expressed in the neurons of the CNS and PNS in early stages and continues after stage 12, which is when Mid expression begins. Ac is co-expressed with Mid beginning in stage 12. Further experiments will be performed using mid-RNAi embryos to evaluate if reducing mid expression affects the expression patterns of Sens and Ac. This research has clinical applications to further the understanding of developmental and neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS, PNS, and eye. Additionally, Mid may have a link to the development of cancer, an area of research that will be studied in the Leal lab in the future.--P. vi-vii.
Author: Qichuan Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila melanogaster
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
Author: Adina Michele Bailey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
Author: Steven Walter Miller
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109280043
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
Molecular and genetic studies over the past two decades have established that animals ranging from the fruit fly to the human utilize a common "toolkit" of genes to create the myriad cell types during development. For even some of the most well studied developmental paradigms, however, little is known of the transcriptional regulatory networks activated by these core components. Moreover, how these networks manifest the initial cell fate decision remains a rigorous topic of investigation. The Drosophila melanogaster mechanosensory organ lineage has long been a model for binary cell fate specification mechanisms. While it is well-established that the Notch signaling pathway is the dominant cell fate specification mechanism in this lineage, little is known of the battery of genes downstream of the canonical pathway components that enforce the cell fate decision. In this body of work I analyze the Notch signaling events at opposite ends of the lineage with the specification of the mechanosensory organ precursor cell (SOP) at the beginning and the post-mitotic socket and shaft cells at the penultimate of the lineage. These studies focus on the transcriptional regulation of three genes, neuralized, Sox15 and sv. I utilize a number of loss of function mutants, misexpression studies, and transgenic reporter constructs to identify enhancer modules and tease out their regulatory factors. Chapter 2 comprises an analysis of the transcriptional regulation of neuralized during SOP specification where I present evidence that neuralized is both a participant in and a target of Notch signaling, requiring two partially redundant. Chapter 3 focuses on the transcriptional regulation and function of Sox15, a transcription factor specifically expressed in the post-mitotic socket cell. I show that Sox15 is a target of Notch signaling in the socket cell and is required for the proper differentiation of the socket cell as it relates to mechanosensory function. Chapter 4 dovetails off Sox15 and examines regulation of sv in the shaft cell, where I find the dominant theme is auto-regulation. Lastly, Chapter 5 describes the development of a new transgenic reporter system I developed for the rapid screening of genomic fragments for enhancer activity.
Author: Gerda Egger
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128024925
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 499
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Book Description
Drug Discovery in Cancer Epigenetics is a practical resource for scientists involved in the discovery, testing, and development of epigenetic cancer drugs. Epigenetic modifications can have significant implications for translational science as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis or therapy prediction. Most importantly, epigenetic modifications are reversible and epigenetic players are found mutated in different cancers; therefore, they provide attractive therapeutic targets. There has been great interest in developing and testing epigenetic drugs, which inhibit DNA methyltransferases, histone modifying enzymes or chromatin reader proteins. The first few drugs are already FDA approved and have made their way into clinical settings. This book provides a comprehensive summary of the epigenetic drugs currently available and aims to increase awareness in this area to foster more rapid translation of epigenetic drugs into the clinic. Highlights the potential of epigenetic alterations in cancer for drug development Covers the tools and methods for epigenetic drug discovery, preclinical and clinical testing, and clinical implications of epigenetic therapy Provides important information regarding putative epigenetic targets, epigenetic technologies, networks and consortia for epigenetic drug discovery and routes for translation
Author: P. A. Lawrence
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 9780632030484
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Understanding how a multicellular animal develops from a single cell (the fertilized egg) poses one of the greatest challenges in biology today. Development from egg to adult involves the sequential expression of virtually the whole of an organism's genetic instructions both in the mother as she lays down developmental cues in the egg, and in the embryo itself. Most of our present information on the role of genes in development comes from the invertebrate fruit fly, Drosophila. The two authors of this text (amongst the foremost authorities in the world) follow the developmental process from fertilization through the primitive structural development of the body plan of the fly after cleavage into the differentiation of the variety of tissues, organs and body parts that together define the fly. The developmental processes are fully explained throughout the text in the modern language of molecular biology and genetics. This text represents the vital synthesis of the subject that many have been waiting for and it will enable many specific courses in developmental biology and molecular genetics to focus on it. It will appeali to 2nd and 3rd year students in these disciplines as well as in biochemistry, neurobiology and zoology. It will also have widespread appeal among researchers. Authored by one of the foremost authorities in the world. A unique synthesis of the developmental cycle of Drosophila - our major source of information on the role of genes in development. Designed to provide the basis of new courses in developmental biology and molecular genetics at senior undergraduate level. A lucid explanation in the modern language of the science.
Author: Ralph A. Bradshaw
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080920918
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 3188
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Book Description
Handbook of Cell Signaling, Three-Volume Set, 2e, is a comprehensive work covering all aspects of intracellular signal processing, including extra/intracellular membrane receptors, signal transduction, gene expression/translation, and cellular/organotypic signal responses. The second edition is an up-to-date, expanded reference with each section edited by a recognized expert in the field. Tabular and well illustrated, the Handbook will serve as an in-depth reference for this complex and evolving field. Handbook of Cell Signaling, 2/e will appeal to a broad, cross-disciplinary audience interested in the structure, biochemistry, molecular biology and pathology of cellular effectors. Contains over 350 chapters of comprehensive coverage on cell signaling Includes discussion on topics from ligand/receptor interactions to organ/organism responses Provides user-friendly, well-illustrated, reputable content by experts in the field
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780123943118
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This volume of Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science focuses on the most recent research surrounding Cadherins from top experts in the field.
Author: Jose Medina-Franco
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128028092
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 446
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Book Description
Epi-Informatics: Discovery and Development of Small Molecule Epigenetic Drugs and Probes features multidisciplinary strategies with strong computational approaches that have led to the successful discovery and/or optimization of compounds that act as modulators of epigenetic targets. This book is intended for all those using or wanting to learn more about computational methodologies in epigenetic drug discovery, including molecular modelers, informaticians, pharmaceutical scientists, and medicinal chemists. With a better understanding of different molecular modeling and cheminformatic approaches, readers can incorporate these techniques into their own drug discovery projects that may involve chemical synthesis and medium- or high-throughput screening. In addition, this book highlights the significance of epigenetic targets to the public health for molecular modelers and chemoinformatians. The goal of this reference is to stimulate ongoing multidisciplinary research and to further improve current computational methodologies and workflows in order to accelerate the discovery and development of epi-drugs and epi-probes. Focuses on the discovery of epi-drugs as candidates to be used in therapy including combined therapies Describes new computational methodologies and screening assays utilizing recent and emerging novel structural data Highlights the discovery, development and optimization of epi-probes, which are molecular probes that elucidate epigenetic mechanisms Includes important topics such as computational-guided optimization of epi-hits, virtual screening to identify novel compounds for epigenetic targets, development and mining of epigenetic molecular databases, SAR modeling of screening data and much more
Author: Daniel H Gonzalez
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128011270
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 435
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Book Description
Plant Transcription Factors: Evolutionary, Structural and Functional Aspects is the only publication that provides a comprehensive compilation of plant transcription factor families and their complex roles in plant biology. While the majority of information about transcription factors is based on mammalian systems, this publication discusses plant transcription factors, including the important aspects and unifying themes to understanding transcription factors and the important roles of particular families in specific processes. Provides an entry point for transcription factor literature Offers compilation of information into one single resource for rapid consultation on different plant transcription factor features Integrates the knowledge about different transcription factors, along with cross-referencing Provides information on the unique aspects surrounding plant transcription factors
