Drag Reduction in Turbulent Pipe Flow by Polyelectrolyte Solutions PDF Download
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Author: Geoffrey William Holman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Author: Geoffrey William Holman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Author: Edward W. Merrill
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fluid dynamics
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Author: Edward W. Merrill
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Polyelectrolytes
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
Polyelectrolytes as drag reducing agents were studied; abnormal effects occurred only in dilute aqueous solutions free of added electrolyte. Extensional flows of polyisobutylene observed by light scattering indicate greater elongation than in shear flow, but work is unfinished. Onset of drag reduction studied with 'monodisperse' poly cis isoprene solutions indicate time based hypothesis gives better correlation than length based hypothesis and that there may be two different onset levels.
Author: James Henry Hand
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 680
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Author: Hsun-fu David Chang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Polymerization
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Author: William B. Clarke
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29
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A slightly ionic and a highly ionic polymer of molecular weights about 8000000 were studied in dilute solution. The molecular conformation was studied by intrinsic viscosity and light scattering to find the molecular weight and radius of gyration. The flow characteristics were studied in a 1.031 cm ID pipe. Salt was added to the solutions in order to change the conformation of the polymers. The polyelectrolytes were good drag-reducers, and behaved similarly to non-ionic polymers. In the presence of salt the slightly ionic polymer showed values of the onset and extent of drag reduction parameters which would be expected for the molecular weight and conformation. For the highly ionic polymer the extent parameter was slightly less than expected. When dissolved in distilled water both polymers followed the maximum drag reduction asymptote, with no onset point. However, at low concentrations the flow lines for the highly ionic polymer lay between the MDR asymptote and the Prandtl line. (Author).
Author: Preetinder Singh Virk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pipe
Languages : en
Pages : 906
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Book Description
Drag reduction caused by dilute, distilled water solutions of five polyethylene oxides, molecular weights from 80,000 to 6,000,000, in turbulent pipe flow was studied experimentally in 0.292 cm and 3.21 cm ID pipes. It was found that: The onset of drag reduction occurs at a well-defined wall shear stress related to the random coiling effective diameter of the polymer by the Onset Hypothesis. Laminar to turbulent transition is not, in general, delayed. The extent of drag reduction induced by a homologous series of polymers in a given pipe is a universal function of concentration, uniquely related to flow rate and molecular weight. The maximum drag reduction possible is limited by a universal asymptote that is independent of polymer and pipe diameter. In polymer solution, both the stagnation pressure attained with Pitot tubes and the heat transfer from cylinders in cross flow are drastically different from Newtonian; in general, both are lower. (Author).
Author: David Leonard Wagger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1772
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Author: A. Rembaum
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401017832
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
Polyelectrolytes and their Applications is the second volume in the series 'Charged and Reactive Polymers'. The important areas of polyelectrolyte applications, i.e., biomedicine, water purification, petroleum recovery and drag reduction, are pre sented along with discussions of the fundamental principles of polyelectrolyte chem istry and physics. This book should be of interest to scientists such as physicians, biochemists, polymer chemists and chemical engineers involved in applications of these materials. The first part of the book is devoted to the basic properties of polyelectrolytes in general, namely to the factors influencing the chain conformation of charged polymers in solution and to their counterion selectivity. It also contains methods of synthesis and new concepts of charge stabilized polymer colloids and of polyelectrolyte ca talysis. The second part describes recent information on the properties and biological effects of already well-known natural polyelectrolytes such as heparin and DNA and recently developed polymers such as pyran and polyionenes. The effects of poly anions and polycations on normal and transformed cells as well as on acetylcholine receptors follow. This part is of particular interest to scientists involved in biological research.
Author: T. T. Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Boundary layer
Languages : en
Pages : 35
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Book Description
Velocity similarity laws, based on a four-layer, mean-velocity-profile model are deduced for turbulent boundary layers with dilute polymer solutions by means of pipe-flow experiments. Measured drag reduction is studied in three domains: undersaturated, optimal, and oversaturated. Drag reduction increases with increasing concentration in the undersaturated domain where the four-layer profile exists in the boundary layer. The boundary between the two domains gives optimal drag reduction; it is determined by the polymer type and concentration and by a Reynolds number based on shear velocity and boundary-layer thickness. The effects of solvent temperature, pipe diameter, polymer type and concentration, and wall shear stress on the measured drag reduction have been investigated. (Modified author abstract).
