Author: Sushil K. Sarna
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615041516
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
Three distinct types of contractions perform colonic motility functions. Rhythmic phasic contractions (RPCs) cause slow net distal propulsion with extensive mixing/turning over. Infrequently occurring giant migrating contractions (GMCs) produce mass movements. Tonic contractions aid RPCs in their motor function. The spatiotemporal patterns of these contractions differ markedly. The amplitude and distance of propagation of a GMC are several-fold larger than those of an RPC. The enteric neurons and smooth muscle cells are the core regulators of all three types of contractions. The regulation of contractions by these mechanisms is modifiable by extrinsic factors: CNS, autonomic neurons, hormones, inflammatory mediators, and stress mediators. Only the GMCs produce descending inhibition, which accommodates the large bolus being propelled without increasing muscle tone. The strong compression of the colon wall generates afferent signals that are below nociceptive threshold in healthy subjects. However, these signals become nociceptive; if the amplitudes of GMCs increase, afferent nerves become hypersensitive, or descending inhibition is impaired. The GMCs also provide the force for rapid propulsion of feces and descending inhibition to relax the internal anal sphincter during defecation. The dysregulation of GMCs is a major factor in colonic motility disorders: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and diverticular disease (DD). Frequent mass movements by GMCs cause diarrhea in diarrhea predominant IBS, IBD, and DD, while a decrease in the frequency of GMCs causes constipation. The GMCs generate the afferent signals for intermittent short-lived episodes of abdominal cramping in these disorders. Epigenetic dysregulation due to adverse events in early life is one of the major factors in generating the symptoms of IBS in adulthood.
Author: H.G. Gooszen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400933355
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
This book is a unique work devoted to the subject of disordered defaecation. It contains chapters written by experts in the field of ano-rectal physiology and management of disordered defaecation. The various contributions present personal views and special clinical experience of individuals. There are some personal views which we felt should be commented upon and a few areas where the experience of others has been included into the text. For the sake of completeness of each chapter, a slight overlap in some cases was inevitable. We hope the book will serve as a useful collection of opinions on a subject which until recently has been largely ignored by the medical profession. The editors Major contributors H.O. ten Cate Hoedemaker Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Rijnsburgerweg 10,2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands G. Coremans Department ofInternal Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Here straat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium S. Fasth Department of Surgery II, Sahlgrenska Hospital, S-413 45 G6teborg, Swe den H.G. Gooszen Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Rijnsburgerweg 10, 2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands J.A. Gruwez Department of General Surgery, University Hospitals KU, Brusselsestraat 63,3000 Leuven, Belgium M.M. Henry Department of Gastroenterology, Central Middlesex Hospital, Acton Lane, London NWlO 7NS, United Kingdom M.R.B. Keighley Department of Surgery, The General Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Bir mingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom J.H.C. Kuypers Department of Surgery, University Hospital St. Radboud, Geert Groote plein Zuid 14,6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands Ph. B.
Author: Steven D. Wexner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1846282756
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
The only book to deal specifically with constipation for specialists has been updated to include all the new advances since the first edition (1995). These advances include biofeedback, surgery for constipation, sacral nerve stimulation, the use of laparoscopy for rectal prolapse, treament and our understanding of some of the psychological problems of these patients. Innovations also include Professor Norman Williams’ Malone Procedure and the newer pharmacologic treatments such as nitric oxide and botulinum toxin injections.
Author: David E. Beck
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387734406
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1042
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Book Description
The ASCRS Textbook of Surgery of the Colon and Rectum offers a comprehensive textbook designed to provide state of the art information to residents in training and fully trained surgeons seeking recertification. The textbook also supports the mission of the ASCRS to be the world’s authority on colon and rectal disease. The combination of junior and senior authors selected from the membership of the ASCRS for each chapter will provide a comprehensive summary of each topic and allow the touch of experience to focus and temper the material. This approach should provide the reader with a very open minded, evidence based approach to all aspects of colorectal disease. Derived from the textbook, The ASCRS Manual of Surgery of the Colon and Rectum offers a “hands on” version of the textbook, written with the same comprehensive, evidence-based approach but distilled to the clinical essentials. In a handy pocket format, readers will find the bread and butter information for the broad spectrum of practice. In a consistent style, each chapter outlines the condition or procedure being discussed in a concise outline format – easy to read, appropriately illustrated and referenced.
Author: Achille Lucio Gaspari
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 8847054419
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
During recent decades, more than 100 surgical procedures have been proposed to treat pelvic organ prolapse, and surgeons are still searching for the ideal approach. Although generally accepted guidelines and algorithms are still lacking, careful preoperative work-up and patient selection can serve as a sound basis for tailored surgery. In this comprehensive book, leading experts from around the world provide a detailed, up-to-date overview of the diagnostic and surgical approaches employed in patients with prolapse of the middle or posterior pelvic floor compartment. Each surgical technique is explained step by step with the aid of instructive figures. Guidance is also included on the management of surgical complications and of recurrent disease – aspects that are too frequently overlooked in the scientific literature. This book will prove essential reading for all who are interested in functional colorectal disorders of the pelvic floor and will represent a unique and invaluable source of knowledge for general surgeons, colorectal surgeons, and urogynecologists, whether in training or practice.
Author: C. S. Pitchumoni
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441916237
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 660
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Book Description
As aging trends in the United States and Europe in particular are strongly suggestive of increasingly older society, it would be prudent for health care providers to better prepare for such changes. By including physiology, disease, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology, radiology and other relevant associated topics, Geriatric Gastroenterology fills the void in the literature for a volume devoted specifically to gastrointestinal illness in the elderly. This unique volume includes provision of training for current and future generations of physicians to deal with the health problems of older adults. It will also serve as a comprehensive guide to practicing physicians for ease of reference. Relevant to the geriatric age group, the volume covers epidemiology, physiology of aging, gastrointestinal physiology, pharmacology, radiology, pathology, motility disorders, luminal disorders, hepato-biliary disease, systemic manifestations, neoplastic disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, cancer and medication related interactions and adverse events, all extremely common in older adults; these are often hard to evaluate and judge, especially considering the complex aging physiology. All have become important components of modern medicine. Special emphasis is be given to nutrition and related disorders. Capsule endoscopy and its utility in the geriatric population is also covered. Presented in simple, easy to read style, the volume includes numerous tables, figures and key points enabling ease of understanding. Chapters on imaging and pathology are profusely illustrated. All chapters are written by specialists and include up to date scientific information. Geriatric Gastroenterology is of great utility to residents in internal medicine, fellows in gastroenterology and geriatric medicine as well as gastroenterologists, geriatricians and practicing physicians including primary care physicians caring for older adults.
Author: Klaus Ewe
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792387275
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Constipation and incontinence are of considerable importance to a great number of patients but many put it under taboo. Both functional disturbances comprise a wide spectrum of pathophysiological findings of neuro-muscular changes of the colon or the pelvic floor, but psychological factors may play an important role as well. In recent years much progress has been made in several disciplines which are important for the understanding and handling of constipation and incontinence. This volume, the proceedings of Falk Symposium No. 95 held in Freiburg, Germany, October 28-30, 1996, concentrates on clinically relevant and open questions rather than trying to cover the whole field in all details.
Author: Dorothy B. Doughty
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323031358
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 652
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Book Description
Completely updated to reflect current practice, the 3rd edition of this comprehensive resource provides a multi-disciplinary, in-depth review of the physiology of continence, the pathologic mechanisms producing incontinence, and current treatment options for the various types of incontinence. Assessment, behavioral therapies, and multidisciplinary care are emphasized as key elements in the treatment and management of incontinence. In addition to the life-span content discussed throughout the book, an entire chapter is devoted to bowel and bladder management in children. Authored and contributed by leaders in the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN). Provides an in-depth review of the physiology of continence, the pathologic mechanisms producing incontinence, and current treatment options to facilitate optimal assessment and care. Features detailed assessment guidelines to help clinicians accurately identify causative and contributing factors, and implement of a comprehensive management plan. Discusses urinary incontinence and fecal incontinence in separate sections to address the special considerations for each in an organized, focused, easy-to-use format. Features individual, complete chapters for each of the following types of incontinence: stress, functional, reflex (neurogenic bladder), and overactive bladder (urge incontinence). Devotes separate chapters to Pathology & Management of Postprostatectomy Incontinence and Bowel and Bladder Management in Children to ensure comprehensive coverage of these topics. Offers life-span content to help clinicians provide appropriate care for patients in every stage of life. Includes self-assessment questions with answers and rationales for review and self-testing. Integrates multidisciplinary care throughout to highlight its importance in successful treatment. Features a new chapter on Pathology & Management of Postprostatectomy Incontinence that provides detailed information on this increasingly important aspect of incontinence. Includes content on the impact of spinal cord injury on bladder and bowel function.
Author: Donato F. Altomare
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 8847006848
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Book Description
This textbook addresses the best way of evaluating patients with rectal prolapse, the underlying pathophysiology, the different surgical approaches, the expected functional results after surgery and the management of complex clinical conditions associated with this condition. It is an essential book that attempts to draw together material that could be of vital importance to surgeons around the world. The pathophysiology of rectal prolapse is still uncertain and its clinical and instrumental diagnostic assessment needs to be clarified.
Author: Jonathan S. Berek
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 197510949X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1725
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Book Description
Derived from the bestselling Berek & Novak’s Gynecology, this concise, easily accessible reference presents essential information in gynecology in a highly readable, fully illustrated format. Berek & Novak’s Gynecology Essentials includes the most clinically relevant chapters, tables, and figures from the larger text, carefully compiled and edited by Dr. Berek and ideally suited for residents, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, midwives, and other healthcare providers.
