Diseño de una planta para el tratamiento de aguas contaminadas con arsénico PDF Download
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Author: Angel María Fernández Lora
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 373
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Author: Angel María Fernández Lora
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 373
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Author: Isaac Cancillo Carro
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 410
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Author: Sergi Tejeda Martínez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 100
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages :
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En consecuencia a la constante contaminación a la que se ha sometido la región de Tamiahua durante las últimas décadas, han comenzado grandes cambios en el ecosistema. Una de las partes más afectadas de la región es la laguna de Tamiahua la cual se encuentra en peligro al igual que las especies que habitan en ella. La principal contaminación a la que se ha sometido el agua de esta laguna son continuas descargas de agua residual. Esta contaminación ha generado pérdidas económicas para las personas que dependen de los recursos que dicha laguna proporciona. Los pescadores comienzan a tener pescado contaminado o escasez del mismo, mientras que los agricultores que utilizan dicha agua para el riego de sus cultivos se preocupan por ya no poder continuar usándola ya que si el nivel de contaminación aumenta contaminarían sus cosechas provocando enfermedades a los consumidores. En este estudio se propuso el diseño de una planta piloto para el tratamiento de agua residual a base de concentradores de radiación solar. Esta planta tendrá como indicadores los huevos de helminto y utilizará el proceso de Foto-Fenton promovido con radiación UV solar para la oxidación de la materia orgánica. Se consideraron dos concentraciones de Fe y H2O2 para ser analizadas a lo largo de este proyecto, teniendo como finalidad el encontrar la concentración que mejor se adecue al diseño de la planta. Para el diseño de la planta piloto se utilizaron parámetros de escalamiento los cuales ayudaron al cálculo del área de concentración necesaria para tratar un gasto de 1L/s lo que proporcionó el número de concentradores necesarios para el tratamiento. Posteriormente, se calculó la potencia de la bomba necesaria para el sistema hidráulico. Como resultado final, se obtuvo que con la concentración Fe[10] H2O2[280] + sol junto con 375 concentradores de radiación solar y una bomba de 1hp se puede conseguir inactivar el 100% de huevos de helminto que se encuentren en el agua residual.
Author: María Jesús Martín Villota
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 478
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages :
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La contaminación del agua es uno de los problemas globales de mayor importancia. Una de las fuentes de contaminación son las descargas de aguas crudas a cauces naturales. Las descargas municipales en México aportan el 12 % de la contaminación a ríos, esto sucede a pesar de existir normas ambientales que limitan la descarga de contaminantes, es por esto que sigue siendo un problema que hay que resolver. En nuestro estado se encuentra un claro ejemplo de esta problemática, la comunidad de Santa María Texmelucan. En dicha zona, las aguas residuales se descargan directamente al río, es decir sin tratamiento previo. El problema se agrava ya que los habitantes de la zona utilizan el agua de río para regar sus cosechas, por lo que en un corto periodo de tiempo se encuentran ingiriendo alimentos contaminados. Esta es la importancia de construir una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales en Santa María Texmelucan. Antes de planear el diseño de una planta de tratamiento es necesario conocer la composición del caudal y la calidad del efluente que se desea obtener. En este proyecto, se empezó por realizar el muestreo del agua, para luego conocer la composición de la misma. Posteriormente, se analizaron diferentes alternativas de tratamiento por medio del simulador Computer Assissted Procedure for the Design and Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Systems (CAPDET), el cual nos entrega resultados técnicos y económicos de cada proceso. Por medio de estos resultados se seleccionó una de las alternativas de proceso y se hizo el diseño de la planta. Se concretó el proyecto haciendo un presupuesto del costo total de construcción de la misma. Al obtener los resultados del laboratorio, se confirmó que la descarga al río no está cumpliendo con la norma (001-SEMARNAP-96), por lo que es necesario darle tratamiento al caudal con el fin de no alterar negativamente las características y propiedades del cuerpo receptor, ni la salud de los habitantes de la zona. Las alternativas analizadas fu.
Author: Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., an AECOM Company
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071508775
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1610
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An Integrated Approach to Managing the World's Water Resources Water Reuse: Issues, Technologies, and Applications equips water/wastewater students, engineers, scientists, and professionals with a definitive account of the latest water reclamation, recycling, and reuse theory and practice. This landmark textbook presents an integrated approach to all aspects of water reuse _ from public health protection to water quality criteria and regulations to advanced technology to implementation issues. Filled with over 500 detailed illustrations and photographs, Water Reuse: Issues, Technology, and Applications features: In-depth coverage of cutting-edge water reclamation and reuse applications Current issues and developments in public health and environmental protection criteria, regulations, and risk management Review of current advanced treatment technologies, new developments, and practices Special emphasis on process reliability and multiple barrier concepts approach Consideration of satellite and decentralized water reuse facilities Consideration of planning and public participation of water reuse Inside This Landmark Water/Wastewater Management Tool • Water Reuse: An Introduction • Health and Environmental Concerns in Water Reuse • Technologies and Systems for Water Reclamation and Reuse • Water Reuse Applications • Implementing Water Reuse
Author: Sudhakar Srivastava
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811385874
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
Arsenic contamination poses a major environmental problem, especially in Southeast Asian countries like Bangladesh and India. Threatening the health of millions of people due to arsenic’s toxicity and carcinogenicity, the major routes of arsenic exposure for humans are either through drinking water or crops. Rice is the crop most affected by arsenic owing to its cultivation in major arsenic contaminated areas, biogeochemical factors in the soil during rice growth, and specific features of rice that enable it take up more arsenic than other crop plants. This book addresses the problem of arsenic by pursuing a holistic approach. It presents the status quo in different parts of the world (North and South America, Europe, Asia, etc.) and provides essential information on food-related arsenic exposure risks for humans, and possible preventive and curative measures for tackling arsenic poisoning. It covers the arsenic contamination status of rice, rice-based products, other vegetables, fishes, mushrooms, and other foods, with a special focus on rice-arsenic interactions. The mechanisms of arsenic uptake, translocation and distribution in plants and grains are also explained. In closing, the book reviews a variety of prospective agronomic and biotechnological solutions to the problem of arsenic accumulation in rice grains. The book is intended for a broad audience including researchers, scientists, and readers with diverse backgrounds including agriculture, environmental science, food science, environmental management, and human health. It can also be used as an important reference guide for undergraduate and graduate students, university faculties, and environmentalists.
Author: Roop Chand Bansal
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420028812
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
High surface area, a microporous structure, and a high degree of surface reactivity make activated carbons versatile adsorbents, particularly effective in the adsorption of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions. Activated Carbon Adsorption introduces the parameters and mechanisms involved in the activated carbon adsorption
Author: Anita Singh
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811028605
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
This book is compilation of studies related with the xenobiotics i.e. chemical or other substance that is not normally found in the ecosystems and get accumulated at higher concentration in the biological system due to rampant industrialisation and urbanisation activities. This book has tried to give information on various issues to give comprehensive and concise knowledge of the recent advancement in the field of environmental xenobiotics and how it disturbs the plants metabolism. Other key features of the book are related to xenobiotic toxicity and detoxification mechanism, biochemical tools toward its remediation processes, molecular mechanism for xenobiotics detoxification and effect on metallomics. It also focuses on recent development in the field of waste water remediation concerned with the xenobiotics involvement. This book is different in such a way that it includes all the initial information along with the new researches. It includes the description of problem along with its solution. This volume describe the effects of xenobiotics at different levels i.e. biochemical, physiological and molecular, giving the details on signaling pathways to modify the responses of xenobiotics in plant system. Thus, it gives confirming crosstalk between xenobiotic effects and signalling pathways. This book includes description about both the organic contaminants such as pesticides, solvents and petroleum products as well as inorganic xenobiotics that include heavy metals, non-metals, metalloids, and simple soluble salts. Here the plant is main objective and that have to deal with these kinds of compounds either by avoiding accumulation of these compounds or by exhibiting several enzymatic reactions for detoxification including oxidation, reduction, and conjugation reactions. Affected plants exhibit several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant and other reactions for detoxification of ROS including oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and conjugation reactions. The book focuses on different forms and sources of xenobiotics including organic and inorganic xenobiotics. The matter of this book will definitely increase the knowledge about the impacts of xenobiotics on plants system. There must be potentially broad readership who could find this fruitful for their study as well as for their research. As this book has balance between basic plant physiology and toxicity caused by the xenobiotics so it can be widely used in several disciplines. Overall, the book will bring deep knowledge in the field of xenobiotics toxicity in plants during recent years and it is definitely a compilation of interesting information which isn't fully covered elsewhere in the current market.
