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Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080538789
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 543
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Book Description
The first two volumes in this series published twenty years ago contained chapters devoted to anharmonic properties of solids, ab initio calculations of phonons in metals and insulators, and surface phonons. In the intervening years each of these important areas of lattice dynamics has undergone significant developments. This volume is therefore concerned with reviewing the current status of these areas.Chapter one deals with the path-integral quantum Monte-Carlo method as a numerical simulation approach and looks at how this has been applied successfully to the determination of low temperature thermodynamic properties of anharmonic crystals and to certain dynamical properties as well. Chapter two is concerned with the calculation of static and dynamic properties of anharmonic crystals in the quantum regime. Chapter three discusses intrinsic anharmonic localized modes that have been intensively studied recently. Two topics, ab initio calculations of phonons in metals, and surface phonons are dealt with in the next chapter. The remaining two chapters are devoted to topics that have not been treated in previous volumes. One is phonon transport and the second is phonons in disordered crystals.The work described in the six chapters of this volume testifies to the continuing vitality of the field of dynamical properties of solids nearly a century after its founding.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080538789
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 543
Get Book Here
Book Description
The first two volumes in this series published twenty years ago contained chapters devoted to anharmonic properties of solids, ab initio calculations of phonons in metals and insulators, and surface phonons. In the intervening years each of these important areas of lattice dynamics has undergone significant developments. This volume is therefore concerned with reviewing the current status of these areas.Chapter one deals with the path-integral quantum Monte-Carlo method as a numerical simulation approach and looks at how this has been applied successfully to the determination of low temperature thermodynamic properties of anharmonic crystals and to certain dynamical properties as well. Chapter two is concerned with the calculation of static and dynamic properties of anharmonic crystals in the quantum regime. Chapter three discusses intrinsic anharmonic localized modes that have been intensively studied recently. Two topics, ab initio calculations of phonons in metals, and surface phonons are dealt with in the next chapter. The remaining two chapters are devoted to topics that have not been treated in previous volumes. One is phonon transport and the second is phonons in disordered crystals.The work described in the six chapters of this volume testifies to the continuing vitality of the field of dynamical properties of solids nearly a century after its founding.
Author: Robert V. Goldstein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402023871
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
Among the variety of wave motions one can single out surface wave pr- agation since these surface waves often adjust the features of the energy transfer in the continuum (system), its deformation and fracture. Predicted by Rayleigh in 1885, surface waves represent waves localized in the vicinity ofextendedboundaries(surfaces)of?uidsorelasticmedia. Intheidealcase of an isotropic elastic half-space while the Rayleigh waves propagate along the surface, the wave amplitude (displacement) in the transverse direction exponentially decays with increasing distance away from the surface. As a resulttheenergyofsurfaceperturbationsislocalizedbytheRayleighwaves within a relatively narrow layer beneath the surface. It is this property of the surface waves that leads to the resonance phenomena that accompany the motion of the perturbation sources (like surface loads) with velocities close to the Rayleigh one; (see e. g. , R. V. Goldstein. Rayleigh waves and resonance phenomena in elastic bodies. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (PMM), 1965, v. 29, N 3, pp. 608-619). It is essential to note that resonance phenomena are also inherent to the elastic medium in the case where initially there are no free (unloaded) surfaces. However, they occur as a result of an external action accompanied by the violation of the continuity of certain physical quantities, e. g. , by crack nucleation and dynamic propagation. Note that the aforementioned resonance phenomena are related to the nature of the surface waves as homogeneous solutions (eigenfunctions) of the dynamic elasticity equations for a half-space (i. e. nonzero solutions at vanishing boundary conditions).
Author: Andrew Briggs
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461558514
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
This is the second volume of Advances in Acoustic Microscopy. It continues the aim of presenting applications and developments of techniques that are related to high-resolution acoustic imaging. We are very grateful to the authors who have devoted considerable time to preparing these chapters, each of which describes a field of growing importance. Laboratories that have high-performance acoustic microscopes are frequently asked to examine samples for which the highest available resolution is not necessary, and the ability to penetrate opaque layers is more significant. Such applications can be thought of as bridging the gap be tween acoustic microscopy at low gigahertz frequencies, and on the one hand nondestructive testing of materials at low megahertz frequencies and on the other hand medical ultrasonic imaging at low megahertz frequencies. Commercial acoustic microscopes are becoming increasingly available and popular for such applications. We are therefore delighted to be able to begin the volume with chapters from each of those two fields. The first chapter, by Gabriele Pfannschmidt, describes uses of acoustic microscopy in the semiconductor industry. It provides a splendid balance to the opening chapter of Volume 1, which came from a national research center, being written from within a major European electronics industry itself. Dr Pfann schmidt describes the use of two quite different types of acoustic microscopes, and points out the advantages of each for specific purposes.
Author: Lawrence John Challis
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780198507321
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
The study of electrons and holes confined to two, one and even zero dimensions has uncovered a rich variety of new physics and applications. This book describes the interaction between these confined carriers and the optic and acoustic phonons within and around the confined regions. Phonons provide the principal channel of energy transfer between the carriers and their surroundings and also the main restriction to their room temperature mobility. But they have many other roles; they provide, for example, an essential feature of the operation of the quantum cascade laser. Since their momenta at relevant energies are well matched to those of electrons, they can also be used to probe electronic properties such as the confinement width of 2D electron gases and the dispersion curve of quasiparticles in the fractional quantum Hall effect. The book describes both the physics of the electron-phonon interaction in the different confined systems and the experimental and theoretical techniques that have been used in its investigation. The experimental methods include optical and transport techniques as well as techniques in which phonons are used as the experimental probe. The aim of the book is to provide an up to date review of the physics and its significance in device performance. It is also written to be explanatory and accessible to graduate students and others new to the field.
Author: Aziz Belmiloudi
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9533072261
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 670
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Book Description
Over the past few decades there has been a prolific increase in research and development in area of heat transfer, heat exchangers and their associated technologies. This book is a collection of current research in the above mentioned areas and discusses experimental, theoretical and calculation approaches and industrial utilizations with modern ideas and methods to study heat transfer for single and multiphase systems. The topics considered include various basic concepts of heat transfer, the fundamental modes of heat transfer (namely conduction, convection and radiation), thermophysical properties, condensation, boiling, freezing, innovative experiments, measurement analysis, theoretical models and simulations, with many real-world problems and important modern applications. The book is divided in four sections : "Heat Transfer in Micro Systems", "Boiling, Freezing and Condensation Heat Transfer", "Heat Transfer and its Assessment", "Heat Transfer Calculations", and each section discusses a wide variety of techniques, methods and applications in accordance with the subjects. The combination of theoretical and experimental investigations with many important practical applications of current interest will make this book of interest to researchers, scientists, engineers and graduate students, who make use of experimental and theoretical investigations, assessment and enhancement techniques in this multidisciplinary field as well as to researchers in mathematical modelling, computer simulations and information sciences, who make use of experimental and theoretical investigations as a means of critical assessment of models and results derived from advanced numerical simulations and improvement of the developed models and numerical methods.
Author: Piotr Garbaczewski
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540461221
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Book Description
This collection of lectures treats the dynamics of open systems with a strong emphasis on dissipation phenomena related to dynamical chaos. This research area is very broad, covering topics such as nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, environment-system coupling (decoherence) and applications of Markov semi-groups to name but a few. The book addresses not only experienced researchers in the field but also nonspecialists from related areas of research, postgraduate students wishing to enter the field and lecturers searching for advanced textbook material.
Author:
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981453370X
Category : Nuclear counters
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Author: Ranko Richert
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331977574X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
This book introduces the ideas and concepts of nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy, outlines its history, and provides insight into the present state of the art of the experimental technology and understanding of nonlinear dielectric effects. Emphasis is on what can be learned from nonlinear experiments that could not be derived from the linear counterparts. The book explains that nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy can be used as a tool to measure structural recovery or physical aging, as well as connections between dynamics and thermodynamic variables such as enthalpy and entropy. Supercooled liquids in their viscous regime are ideal candidates for investigating nonlinear effects, because they are particularly sensitive to changes in temperature, and thus also to changes in the electric field. Other interesting materials covered are plastic crystals and complex liquids near criticality. The book also points out that, compared with other techniques such as mechanical shear experiments, the nonlinear regime of dielectric spectroscopy is special in the sense that the energies involved always remain small compared with thermal energies. To demonstrate this, nonlinear features of mechanical experiments are discussed. Theoretical approaches to nonlinear effects are particularly complicated because the tools available for the linear regime no longer apply. As a result, there is no single generally accepted theory to nonlinear dielectric responses of real liquids. Various approaches to nonlinear dielectric features have been reported, and the different aspects are communicated in several chapters. The book communicates recent progress most effectively through individual contributions from specialists in their respective fields. Chapter 'Third and Fifth Harmonic Responses in Viscous Liquids' is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Author: G Waysand
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981455023X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Superconductors today constitute a major focus of activity in the development of high resolution detectors for many applications. This volume collects the papers of an international workshop on the basic theoretical and experimental issues involved in the interaction between particles and superconductors. It emphasizes the involved condensed matter aspects of non-equilibrium time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations, metastable superconductivity, quasiparticle and phonon lifetimes, and quasiparticle trapping, as well as low-noise pulse electronics, detector fabrication and low background cryogenics.
Author: T. Paszkiewicz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781461360445
Category : Science
Languages : de
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Between 15 and 27 February 1993, the XXIX Winter School of Theoretical Physics was held in the Hotel Gwarek in Kudowa Zdroj, Poland. The present volume contains the proceedings of the Winter School. In keeping with the name Die Kunst of Phonons, the School was dedicated to the physics of phonons. Historically the field of phonons has been a conglomeration of various directions related only by the fact that phonons were involved. The subject has matured greatly and it is now possible to speak of a field of phonon physics proper. Further, it is possible to speak of many of the phenomena seen in phonon physics as being, truly, beautiful. As the object of the book is to present tutorial reviews of the state of the art (Kunst) together with the fact that the state of the art often times reveals beautiful phenomena (more Kunst) we chose a title that reflected this and was also arresting, forcing the prospective reader to stop and reconsider his preconceptions about phonon physics. The use of the german word (with its echoes of Bach's "die Kunst der Fuge") enhances the effect on the prospective reader.
