Development of Aqueous Scrubber to Oxidize and Absorb Nitric Oxide PDF Download
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Author: Wanna Lolertpiphop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Flue gases
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
The use of sodium chlorite (NaClO2) and alkaline aqueous cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) as oxidizing agents to promote the absorption of nitric oxide from flue gases was investigated in a semicontinuous bubbling scrubber. The efficiency of the scrubbing solutions to remove nitric oxide was evaluated as a function of operating conditions such as pH, concentration of the oxidants, residence time, temperature, flue gas compositions. Under acid conditions, sodium chlorite can stoichiometrically react and absorb 99.5% NO and 80% SO2 in the same scrubber with 0,672 M NaClO2 in buffered solution at pH 6, and 0.3 M NaOH. During the reaction, nitric oxide was oxidized to nitrates and nitrites and sulfur dioxide to sulfates. Consequently, sodium chlorite can be used to control NO as well as SO2. However, the parasitic effect Of SO2 in consuming the reactant results in a relatively high operating cost. On the other hand, organic cumene hydroperoxide scrubbing solution has been found to operate under high alkalinity to control nitric oxide. The hydroperoxide used in this study was less expensive than sodium chlorite system and commercially available. The removal of 92% nitric oxide was achieved at 94° C, 1.531 min residence time (scrubber contains 1.49 dm3 solution and flue gas is bubbled at 0.94 dm3 /min), with 0.12 M cumene hydroperoxide and 0.1 M potassium hydroxide. The major products obtained from the NO oxidation by alkaline cumene hyddroperoxide are NO2- and NO3- and cumyl alcohol. Other products such as acetophenone and cc-methyl styrene are observed as a result of the decomposition of the reactant and intermediates.
Author: Wanna Lolertpiphop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Flue gases
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
The use of sodium chlorite (NaClO2) and alkaline aqueous cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) as oxidizing agents to promote the absorption of nitric oxide from flue gases was investigated in a semicontinuous bubbling scrubber. The efficiency of the scrubbing solutions to remove nitric oxide was evaluated as a function of operating conditions such as pH, concentration of the oxidants, residence time, temperature, flue gas compositions. Under acid conditions, sodium chlorite can stoichiometrically react and absorb 99.5% NO and 80% SO2 in the same scrubber with 0,672 M NaClO2 in buffered solution at pH 6, and 0.3 M NaOH. During the reaction, nitric oxide was oxidized to nitrates and nitrites and sulfur dioxide to sulfates. Consequently, sodium chlorite can be used to control NO as well as SO2. However, the parasitic effect Of SO2 in consuming the reactant results in a relatively high operating cost. On the other hand, organic cumene hydroperoxide scrubbing solution has been found to operate under high alkalinity to control nitric oxide. The hydroperoxide used in this study was less expensive than sodium chlorite system and commercially available. The removal of 92% nitric oxide was achieved at 94° C, 1.531 min residence time (scrubber contains 1.49 dm3 solution and flue gas is bubbled at 0.94 dm3 /min), with 0.12 M cumene hydroperoxide and 0.1 M potassium hydroxide. The major products obtained from the NO oxidation by alkaline cumene hyddroperoxide are NO2- and NO3- and cumyl alcohol. Other products such as acetophenone and cc-methyl styrene are observed as a result of the decomposition of the reactant and intermediates.
Author: Chen-Lu Yang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
The use of chlorine (Cl), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), and sodium chlorite (NaClO) as oxidizing agents to promote the absorption of nitric oxide (NO) from gas streams has been investigated in the Gas Scrubbing Laboratory of New Jersey Institute of Technology since 1988. The first step of this project had been to screen out the best scrubbing medium for nitric oxide removal from flue gases. The most successful oxidizing agent was found to be sodium chlorite in acidic aqueous solution. The screening results have been accepted for publication in Chemical Engineering Communications. A sodium chlorite containing aqueous acid solution quantitatively absorbs nitric oxide in a 5.1 cm in diameter by 61 cm long bubble column scrubber. Under the same conditions, 90% removal were achieved with either chlorine gas or sodium hypochlorite aqueous scrubbing. An analytical instrument train, consisting of a Thermoelectron model 10A NO[x] analyzer, Beckman model 715 process oxygen monitor, and Rosemount model 890 UV SO analyzer, was set up to measure the concentration changes of inlet and outlet flue gas components. A preparatory liquid chromatography equipped with UV/Visible range photodiode array detector was set up for scrubbing solution real time monitoring of oxychlorinated compounds. Chlorine dioxide was found to be the active ingredient in the sodium chlorite aqueous scrubbing, while hypochlorous acid was the key oxidant for both chlorine and sodium hypochlorite scrubbing processes. During the operation, nitric oxide was oxidized to nitrate ion and sulfur dioxide to sulfate ion and were collected in the scrubbing solutions. At the same time, oxychlorine compounds were reduced to chloride ion, which was analyzed by ion chromatography. To obtain the reaction rate of nitric oxide with sodium chlorite aqueous solution for process design consideration, a droplet surface reaction model was derived to correlate experimental data from spray tower scrubber. The model predicted conversion of NO very well but not absorption because the model does not predict breakthrough of nitrogen dioxide (NO). Therefore, a model of absorption with chemical reaction was used to study the absorption of NO in a packed bed scrubber to determine the feasibility of controlling all air pollutants in one scrubber. In the model, theoretical height of transfer unit (HTU) was used to evaluate the efficiency of scrubbing solutions. The influence of different variables such as temperature, pH, gas stream flow rate, concentration of sodium chlorite, and other components in the flue gas on height of transfer unit was evaluated.
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428902805
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
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Book Description
Author: Ottis E. Bronze
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600214127
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
Hazardous waste is a waste with properties that make it dangerous or potentially harmful to human health or the environment. Hazardous waste generally exhibits one or more of these characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity or toxicity. The universe of hazardous wastes is large and diverse. Hazardous wastes can be liquids, solids, contained gases, or sludges. They can be the by-products of manufacturing processes or simply discarded commercial products, like cleaning fluids or pesticides. One major type is radioactive waste. This new book brings together the latest research in this diverse field.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 1010
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Author: John A. Roth
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781566764896
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
This book contains technical papers, presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Chemical Oxidation: Technology for the Nineties held in Tennessee in 1984, on theory, design, and practices of chemical oxidation processes applied to environmental problems.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 860
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Author: Richard Darton
Publisher: IChemE
ISBN: 9780852953938
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 510
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Book Description
This volume presents reports from the 1997 conference, held in Maastricht, Netherlands. The papers, covering a broad range of topics from the estimation of physical properties to the design and performance of contacting trays, demonstrate the high rate of advance in technology.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid precipitation (Meteorology)
Languages : en
Pages : 744
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Book Description
Author: United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 1068
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Book Description
