Development of a Spatially Distributed Model for Estimating Nitrogen Removal in Forested Riparian Buffers PDF Download
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Author: Thomas Santangelo
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369115871
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Riparian buffers are a widely promoted best management practice for improving stream health and habitat benefits, including reducing instream nitrogen (N) loading. There is a large spatial variability in N removal within riparian buffers, which can largely be explained by buffer width and variations in subsurface water flux. Variable-width buffers are recommended, but there are no simple models to guide restoration efforts, and fixed-width buffers are the norm, also because they are easier to implement and regulate. The goal of our research is to improve riparian buffer restoration for reducing N loading. We developed a simple spatially explicit GIS model that estimates the N removal within riparian buffers and that can prioritize locations for variable-width buffers. The innovative part of our model is the spatially explicit prioritization scheme accounting for removal in both upslope and downslope areas. We tested the model on a watershed in the Mid-Atlantic Piedmont and we applied the model to compare fixed-width and variable-width buffers. Our results show that variable-width buffers require less area to reach N load reduction goals, compared to the fixed-width buffers. Our model will aid watershed managers to make well-informed decisions for prioritizing buffer placement and to maximize N removal and improve water quality.
Author: Thomas Santangelo
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369115871
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
Get Book Here
Book Description
Riparian buffers are a widely promoted best management practice for improving stream health and habitat benefits, including reducing instream nitrogen (N) loading. There is a large spatial variability in N removal within riparian buffers, which can largely be explained by buffer width and variations in subsurface water flux. Variable-width buffers are recommended, but there are no simple models to guide restoration efforts, and fixed-width buffers are the norm, also because they are easier to implement and regulate. The goal of our research is to improve riparian buffer restoration for reducing N loading. We developed a simple spatially explicit GIS model that estimates the N removal within riparian buffers and that can prioritize locations for variable-width buffers. The innovative part of our model is the spatially explicit prioritization scheme accounting for removal in both upslope and downslope areas. We tested the model on a watershed in the Mid-Atlantic Piedmont and we applied the model to compare fixed-width and variable-width buffers. Our results show that variable-width buffers require less area to reach N load reduction goals, compared to the fixed-width buffers. Our model will aid watershed managers to make well-informed decisions for prioritizing buffer placement and to maximize N removal and improve water quality.
Author: Saeid Eslamian
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482229153
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 1153
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Book Description
Examining the current literature, research, and relevant case studies, presented by a team of international experts, the Urban Water Reuse Handbook discusses the pros and cons of water reuse and explores new and alternative methods for obtaining a sustainable water supply. The book defines water reuse guidelines, describes the historical and curren
Author: T.P. Burt
Publisher: Geological Society of London Memoirs
ISBN: 1786205645
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 435
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Book Description
Co-published with British Society for Geomorphology This volume is the fifth in the definitive series, The History of the Study of Landforms or the Development of Geomorphology. Volume 1 (1964) dealt with contributions to the field up to 1890, Volume 2 (1973) with the concepts and contributions of William Morris Davis and Volume 3 (1991) covered historical and regional themes during the ‘classic’ period of geomorphology (1890–1950). Volume 4 (2008) concentrated on studies of geomorphological processes and Quaternary geomorphology between 1890 and 1965; by the end of this period, process-based studies had become dominant. Volume 5 builds on this platform, covering in detail the revolutionary changes in approach that characterized the study of geomorphology in the second half of the twentieth century. It is divided into three sections: the first deals with changes in approach and method; the second with changes in ideas and the broader scientific context within which geomorphology is studied; and the final section details advances in research on processes and landforms. The volume’s objective is to describe and analyse many of the developments that provide a foundation for the rich and varied subject matter of twenty-first century geomorphology.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 956
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Book Description
Indexes journal articles in ecology and environmental science. Nearly 700 journals are indexed in full or in part, and the database indexes literature published from 1982 to the present. Coverage includes habitats, food chains, erosion, land reclamation, resource and ecosystems management, modeling, climate, water resources, soil, and pollution.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309082951
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 449
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Book Description
The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309210828
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
The Chesapeake Bay is North America's largest and most biologically diverse estuary, as well as an important commercial and recreational resource. However, excessive amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from human activities and land development have disrupted the ecosystem, causing harmful algae blooms, degraded habitats, and diminished populations of many species of fish and shellfish. In 1983, the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) was established, based on a cooperative partnership among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the state of Maryland, and the commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the District of Columbia, to address the extent, complexity, and sources of pollutants entering the Bay. In 2008, the CBP launched a series of initiatives to increase the transparency of the program and heighten its accountability and in 2009 an executive order injected new energy into the restoration. In addition, as part of the effect to improve the pace of progress and increase accountability in the Bay restoration, a two-year milestone strategy was introduced aimed at reducing overall pollution in the Bay by focusing on incremental, short-term commitments from each of the Bay jurisdictions. The National Research Council (NRC) established the Committee on the Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Program Implementation for Nutrient Reduction in Improve Water Quality in 2009 in response to a request from the EPA. The committee was charged to assess the framework used by the states and the CBP for tracking nutrient and sediment control practices that are implemented in the Chesapeake Bay watershed and to evaluate the two-year milestone strategy. The committee was also to assess existing adaptive management strategies and to recommend improvements that could help CBP to meet its nutrient and sediment reduction goals. The committee did not attempt to identify every possible strategy that could be implemented but instead focused on approaches that are not being implemented to their full potential or that may have substantial, unrealized potential in the Bay watershed. Because many of these strategies have policy or societal implications that could not be fully evaluated by the committee, the strategies are not prioritized but are offered to encourage further consideration and exploration among the CBP partners and stakeholders.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Eutrophication
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
Author: Vijay P. Singh
Publisher: Allied Publishers
ISBN: 9788177645477
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069483
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.
