Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Incineration Emission Samples PDF Download
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Author: Robert Cebula
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Flue gases
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Stack emissions from five sources (one pulverized coal combustion operation, three sewage sludge incineration operations and one gray tin refractory operation) were sampled by use of U.S. EPA Modified Method 5 isokinetic sampling unit for vapor and particulate effluent. The sampling unit provided XAD-2 resin samples, polytetrafluoroethylene and glass fiber filters and impinger washings of dichloromethane. The resins were soxhlet extracted using dichloromethane (DCM) and the filters were soxhlet extracted using DCM followed by acetone. Fractionation of extracts was accomplished by thin layer chromatography. The resulting fractions were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nitro-PAH and quinone-PAH by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Extractable organic matter (EOM) was also determined with a [sic] electrobalance. XAD samples from a gray tin refractory, and three sewage sludge incinerators higher molecular weight PAH. The volatility of the low MW PAH was responsible for the high concentration found in the resins. The lower boiling point of the higher MW PAH and the stronger association of high MW PAH with fly ash are reasons for their presence in the filter samples. No nitro-PAH or quinone-PAH compounds were detected in the emission samples. Of the four XAD resins analyzed for B(a)P by fluorescence scanning three samples showed very similar results. Concentrations from the three sources resulted from two different operations. Comparison of the HPLC results for B(a)P and fluorescence scanning of selected XAD resins have not resulted in good agreement. Phthalates tend to interfere with the HPLC chromatogram in the area where B(a)P elutes. This most likely is the reason for the disagreement. Tetrachloro-p-dibenzodioxin was observed in the resin and washings of the Parsippany Troy Hills source (sewer sludge incinerator). Heptachloro-p-dibenzodioxin was observed in the filter samples of the PSE & G source (coal combustion). The higher chlorinated species seem to form a stronger association with the particulate and a weaker association with the lower chlorinated species.
Author: Robert Cebula
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Flue gases
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Stack emissions from five sources (one pulverized coal combustion operation, three sewage sludge incineration operations and one gray tin refractory operation) were sampled by use of U.S. EPA Modified Method 5 isokinetic sampling unit for vapor and particulate effluent. The sampling unit provided XAD-2 resin samples, polytetrafluoroethylene and glass fiber filters and impinger washings of dichloromethane. The resins were soxhlet extracted using dichloromethane (DCM) and the filters were soxhlet extracted using DCM followed by acetone. Fractionation of extracts was accomplished by thin layer chromatography. The resulting fractions were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nitro-PAH and quinone-PAH by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Extractable organic matter (EOM) was also determined with a [sic] electrobalance. XAD samples from a gray tin refractory, and three sewage sludge incinerators higher molecular weight PAH. The volatility of the low MW PAH was responsible for the high concentration found in the resins. The lower boiling point of the higher MW PAH and the stronger association of high MW PAH with fly ash are reasons for their presence in the filter samples. No nitro-PAH or quinone-PAH compounds were detected in the emission samples. Of the four XAD resins analyzed for B(a)P by fluorescence scanning three samples showed very similar results. Concentrations from the three sources resulted from two different operations. Comparison of the HPLC results for B(a)P and fluorescence scanning of selected XAD resins have not resulted in good agreement. Phthalates tend to interfere with the HPLC chromatogram in the area where B(a)P elutes. This most likely is the reason for the disagreement. Tetrachloro-p-dibenzodioxin was observed in the resin and washings of the Parsippany Troy Hills source (sewer sludge incinerator). Heptachloro-p-dibenzodioxin was observed in the filter samples of the PSE & G source (coal combustion). The higher chlorinated species seem to form a stronger association with the particulate and a weaker association with the lower chlorinated species.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
Author: Bjorseth
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824774424
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
This volume concerns sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), their emission factors, and relative importance. It deals with exposure, uptake, metabolism, and detection of PAH in the human body. The volume contains an update of information in environmental and biochemical studies of PAH.
Author: Nichola Porter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Antineoplastic agents
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Author: Harold Egan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Analytical chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN:
Category : House & Home
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.
Author: Amy J. Forsgren
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482243180
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
This book describes the sources of water contamination by PAHs and their transportation and fate in natural aquatic systems. It then discusses, from the analytical chemist’s view, how to determine the presence of PAHs in water and wastewater, and the changes in PAH concentration during treatment processes. The text examines the removal of PAHs using membrane bioreactors and advanced sludge processes, highlighting results from both demonstration and full-scale plants. It also examines the presence of PAHs in conventional wastewater treatment plants, especially in sludge.
Author: Peter E. T. Douben
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047086429X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), or polyarenes, are one of the largest and most structurally diverse class of organic molecules known. High percentages of polyarenes, representing a wide range of molecular sizes and structural types, are present in coal tars and petroleum residues. The major sources of PAHs are crude oil, coal and oil shale. The fuels produced from these fossil sources constitute the primary source of energy for the industrial nations of the world, and the petrochemicals from these raw materials are the basis of the synthetic fibre and plastics industries. PAHs are however, widespread pollutants and their impact on the environment and human health must be monitored and controlled. This book will review and assess our scientific understanding of the ecological exposure and effects PAHs have in different environments and habitats. It will accomplish this by taking the recipients of the pollution in the environment as starting points and working its way back through pathways to access what is required for our understanding of effects and rationale for control. Although this book will concentrate on ecological exposure of PAHs, the general impacts of PAHs on human populations will be touched upon. It is thought to be the first book to focus on the ecological aspects of PAHs.
Author: Nicolas Flipo
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030542602
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 430
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Book Description
This open access book reviews the water-agro-food and socio-eco-system of the Seine River basin (76,000 km2), and offers a historical perspective on the river’s long-term contamination. The Seine basin is inhabited by circa 17 million people and is impacted by intensive agricultural practices and industrial activities. These pressures have gradually affected its hydrological, chemical and ecological functioning, leading to a maximum chemical degradation between the 1960s and the 1990s. Over the last three decades, while major water-quality improvements have been observed, new issues (e.g. endocrine disruptors, microplastics) have also emerged. The state of the Seine River network, from the headwaters to estuary, is increasingly controlled by the balance between pressures and social responses. This socio-ecosystem provides a unique example of the functioning of a territory under heavy anthropogenic pressure during the Anthropocene era. The achievements made were possible due to the long-term PIREN Seine research program, established in 1989 and today part of the French socio-ecological research network “Zones Ateliers”, itself part of the international Long-term Socio-economic and Ecological Research Network (LTSER). Written by experts in the field, the book provides an introduction to the water budget and the territorial metabolism of the Seine basin, and studies the trajectories and impact of various pollutants in the Seine River. It offers insights into the ecological functioning, the integration of agricultural practices, the analysis of aquatic organic matter, and the evolution of fish assemblages in the Seine basin, and also presents research perspectives and approaches to improve the water quality of the Seine River. Given its scope, it will appeal to environmental managers, scientists and policymakers interested in the long-term contamination of the Seine River.
