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Author: Charles W. Calomiris
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521028388
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
This book shows how deregulation is transforming the size, structure, and geographic range of U.S. banks, the scope of banking services, and the nature of bank-customer relationships. Over the past two decades the characteristics that had made American banks different from other banks throughout the world--a fragmented geographical structure of the industry, which restricted the scale of banks and their ability to compete with one another, and strict limits on the kinds of products and services commercial banks could offer--virtually have been eliminated. Understanding the origins and persistence of the unique banking regulations that defined U.S. banking for over a century lends an important perspective on the economic and political causes and consequences of the current process of deregulation.
Author: Martha Derthick
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 9780815723042
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The standard wisdom among political scientists has been that "iron triangles" operated among regulatory agencies, the regulated industries, and members of Congress, all presumably with a stake in preserving regulation that protected the industries from competition. Despite almost unanimous agreement among economists that such regulation was inefficient, it seemed highly unlikely that deregulation could occur. Yet between 1975 and 1980 major deregulatory changes that strongly favored competition did take place in a wide range of industries. The results are familiar to airline passengers, users of telephone service, and trucking freight shippers, among others. Martha Derthick and Paul J. Quirk ask why this deregulation happened. How did a diffuse public interest prevail over the powerful industry and union interests that sought to preserve regulation? Why did the regulatory commissions, which were expected to be a major obstacle to deregulation, instead take the initiative on behalf of it? And why did influential members of Congress push for even greater deregulation? The authors concentrate on three cases: airlines, trucking, and telecommunications. They find important similarities among the cases and discuss the implications of these findings for two broader topics: the role that economic analysis has played in policy change, and the capacity of the American political system for transcending narrow interests.
Author: Charles W. Calomiris
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521028388
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
This book shows how deregulation is transforming the size, structure, and geographic range of U.S. banks, the scope of banking services, and the nature of bank-customer relationships. Over the past two decades the characteristics that had made American banks different from other banks throughout the world--a fragmented geographical structure of the industry, which restricted the scale of banks and their ability to compete with one another, and strict limits on the kinds of products and services commercial banks could offer--virtually have been eliminated. Understanding the origins and persistence of the unique banking regulations that defined U.S. banking for over a century lends an important perspective on the economic and political causes and consequences of the current process of deregulation.
Author: James M. Griffin
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226308588
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 453
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Book Description
The electricity market has experienced enormous setbacks in delivering on the promise of deregulation. In theory, deregulating the electricity market would increase the efficiency of the industry by producing electricity at lower costs and passing those cost savings on to customers. As Electricity Deregulation shows, successful deregulation is possible, although it is by no means a hands-off process—in fact, it requires a substantial amount of design and regulatory oversight. This collection brings together leading experts from academia, government, and big business to discuss the lessons learned from experiences such as California's market meltdown as well as the ill-conceived policy choices that contributed to those failures. More importantly, the essays that comprise Electricity Deregulation offer a number of innovative prescriptions for the successful design of deregulated electricity markets. Written with economists and professionals associated with each of the network industries in mind, this comprehensive volume provides a timely and astute deliberation on the many risks and rewards of electricity deregulation.
Author: Richard H. K. Vietor
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674169623
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
And Bank-America, caught short with bad loans and a deep recession in the early eighties, nearly failed before Sam Armacost and then Tom Clausen achieved an amazing turnaround in the mid-1980s.
Author: Clifford Winston
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 9780815714385
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
For close to 100 years, America's surface freight industries, primarily rail and trucking, operated under the protective wing of the U.S. government. In 1980 Congress, finding vast inefficiencies in the two industries, substantially deregulated both, opening them at last to market competition. Deregulation has brought with it many changes—for firms within the industries, for their labor force, and for shippers and their customers. Clifford Winston, Thomas M. Corsi, Curtis M. Grimm, and Carol A Evans provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effect of the deregulation legislation on the rail and trucking industries. According to the authors, deregulation has made substantial progress in solving the two most vexing problems of the surface freight transportation industry—excessive rates in the trucking industry and insufficient returns on investment in the rail industry. Competition and efficiency have returned to both industries, and although the labor force in each has suffered wage and job losses, shippers and their customers have gained roughly $20 billion a year in benefits. The authors recommend policies that would continue to promote competition and the efficient use of highway and railway infrastructure.
Author: Steven Morrison
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 9780815708063
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
In 1938 the U.S. Government took under its wing an infant airline industry. Government agencies assumed responsibility not only for airline safety but for setting fares and determining how individual markets would be served. Forty years later, the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 set in motion the economic deregulation of the industry and opened it to market competition. This study by Steven Morrison and Clifford Winston analyzes the effects of deregulation on both travelers and the airline industry. The authors find that lower fares and better service have netted travelers some $6 billion in annual benefits, while airline earnings have increased by $2.5 billion a year. Morrison and Winston expect still greater benefits once the industry has had time to adjust its capital structure to the unregulated marketplace, and they recommend specific public polices to ensure healthy competition.
Author: Takatoshi Ito
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226386953
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
The increased mobility and volume of international capital flows is a striking trend in international finance. While countries worldwide have engaged in financial deregulation, nowhere is this pattern more pronounced than in East Asia, where it has affected in unanticipated ways the behavior of exchange rates, interest rates, and capital flows. In these thirteen essays, American and Asian scholars analyze the effects of financial deregulation and integration on East Asian markets. Topics covered include the roles of the United States and Japan in trading with Asian countries, macroeconomic policy implications of export-led growth in Korea and Taiwan, the effects of foreign direct investment in China, and the impact of financial liberalization in Japan, Korea, and Singapore. Demonstrating the complexity of financial deregulation and the challenges it poses for policy makers, this volume provides an excellent picture of the overall status of East Asian financial markets for scholars in international finance and Asian economic development.
Author: Loi Lei Lai
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471495000
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 508
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Book Description
Die Umstrukturierung und Liberalisierung der Stromerzeugung brachte tiefgreifende Veränderungen des Marktes, des Wettbewerbs, der Technologien und nicht zuletzt der gesetzlichen Vorschriften mit sich. Dieser Band konzentriert sich auf die technischen Fortschritte und bespricht derzeit aktuelle Probleme anhand anschaulicher Fallstudien. So werden zum Beispiel neue Verfahren zur Vorhersage der Netzlast erläutert. Von international renommierten Experten geschrieben! (07/00)
Author: Dorothy Robyn
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 9780226723280
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
In 1980 Congress voted to eliminate the federal system of protective regulation over the powerful trucking industry, despite fierce opposition. This upset marked a rare example in American politics of diffuse public interests winning out over powerful economic lobbies. In Braking the Special Interests Dorothy Robyn draws upon firsthand observations of formal proceedings and behind-the-scenes maneuverings to illuminate the role of political strategy in the landmark trucking battle. Robyn focuses her analysis on four elements of strategy responsible for the deregulator's victory—elements that are essential, she argues, to any successful policy battle against entrenched special interests: the effective use of economic data and analysis to make a strong case for the merits of reform; the formation and management of a diverse lobbying coalition of firms and interest groups; presidential bargaining to gain political leverage; and transition schemes to reduce uncertainty and cushion the blow to losers. Drawing on political and economic theory, Braking the Special Interests is an immensely rich and readable study of political strategy and skill, with general insights relevant to current political battles surrounding trade, agriculture, and tax policies. Robyn's interdisciplinary work will be of great value to scholars and practitioners of politics, economics, and public policy.
Author: Alan Gart
Publisher: Wiley
ISBN: 9780471580522
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Book Description
How insightful is Alan Gart's Regulation, Deregulation, Reregulation? "This book is a must for anyone who wishes to chart the future of a radically changing financial industry It contains the most comprehensive histories in a single source of the banking, insurance, and securities companies; what has brought them to their current strains, and what the group is likely to look like a decade from now. It looks like a winner." --Ben Weberman, Columnist Forbes magazine "[Alan Gart] gives the reader an excellent feeling of the past, which has caused the situation we are presently in, and more importantly, gives us an excellent view of the future." --L.J. "Bud" Rowell, Jr., President and CEO Provident Mutual "A valuable compendium of important events in the history of the financial services industry. No one--student, banker, or regulator--should be without it." --Irwin L. Kellner, Chief Economist Chemical Bank "A monumental effort.Alan Gart knows banking." --Terrence A. Larsen, Chairman CoreStates Financial Group "An informative, substantive, and provocative discussion of the financial services industry. This is a stimulating, even exciting, tour de force." --Leonard Berwick, Chairman/CEO First City Bankers "Regulation, Deregulation, Reregulation is an illuminating and intriguing account of the dynamics of change taking place within the financial services industry." --Larry A. Frieder, PhD, Professor of Banking Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University
