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Languages : fr
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Declaration du Roy, Portant attribution de douze mil livres d'augmentation de gages hereditaires, aux troix tresoriers de sa maison...
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Languages : fr
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Declaration du Roy, Portant attribution en heredité de vingt mil livres d'augmentation de gages aux Receveurs et Payeurs des gages du Parlement ...
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Languages : fr
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ตีแผ่ไสยศาสตร์เป็นวิทยาศาสตร์
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Category : Abhidharma
Languages : fr
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Category : Abhidharma
Languages : fr
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The King's Debts
Author: Richard Bonney
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 376
Book Description
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 376
Book Description
Joseph II
Author: Walter W. Davis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401192413
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 353
Book Description
It has been said that never has a monarch so narrowly missed "greatness" as did the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. An idealistic, sincere, and hardworking monarch whose ultilitarian bent, humanitarian instincts, and ambitious programs of reform in every area of public concern have prompted historians to term him an "enlightened despot," "revolutionary Emperor," "philosopher on a throne," and a ruler ahead of his time, Joseph has also been condemned for being insensitive to the phobias and follies of his subjects, essentially unrealistic, almost utopian, in establishing his goals, and dogmatic and overly precipitous in trying to achieve them. Efforts to analyze and explain the actions of this complex and controversial personality have involved a number of savants in investigations of "Josephinism" (or as I prefer to call it, "Josephism"), dealing in great detail with the motiva tions, substance, and influence of his innovations. The roots of Josephism run deep, but can be observed emerging here and there from the intellectual and political soil that nourished them, before joining the central trunk of the system formulated during the latter years of Maria Theresa's reign to grow to an ephemeral and stunted maturity under Joseph II.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401192413
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 353
Book Description
It has been said that never has a monarch so narrowly missed "greatness" as did the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. An idealistic, sincere, and hardworking monarch whose ultilitarian bent, humanitarian instincts, and ambitious programs of reform in every area of public concern have prompted historians to term him an "enlightened despot," "revolutionary Emperor," "philosopher on a throne," and a ruler ahead of his time, Joseph has also been condemned for being insensitive to the phobias and follies of his subjects, essentially unrealistic, almost utopian, in establishing his goals, and dogmatic and overly precipitous in trying to achieve them. Efforts to analyze and explain the actions of this complex and controversial personality have involved a number of savants in investigations of "Josephinism" (or as I prefer to call it, "Josephism"), dealing in great detail with the motiva tions, substance, and influence of his innovations. The roots of Josephism run deep, but can be observed emerging here and there from the intellectual and political soil that nourished them, before joining the central trunk of the system formulated during the latter years of Maria Theresa's reign to grow to an ephemeral and stunted maturity under Joseph II.
Declaration du roy, portant attribution on heredité, de quarente deux mil cinq cens livres d'augmentation de gages, à tous les Officiers comptables & autres
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Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 12
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Languages : fr
Pages : 12
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Declaration du Roy, Portant, attribution de quatre vingts mil livres d'augmentation de gages, tant aux Receveurs et Controlleurs generaux des Finances et du Taillon, qu'aux officiers des mareschaussées...
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Languages : fr
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Venality
Author: William Doyle
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN: 9780198205364
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 343
Book Description
In ancien regime France almost all posts of public responsibility had to be bought or inherited. Rather than tax their richer subjects directly, French kings preferred to sell them privileged public offices, which further payments allowed them to sell or bequeath at will. By the eighteenthcentury there were 70,000 venal offices, comprising the entire judiciary, most of the legal profession, officers in the army, and a wide range of other professions - from financiers handling the king's revenues down to auctioneers and even wigmakers. Though now yielding diminishing returns to theking, offices were more in demand than ever for the privileges and prestige, profit and power, that they conferred; and although it was widely accepted that selling public authority was undesirable, nobody imagined that those who had invested in offices could ever be bought out. The Revolutionbrought an unexpected opportunity to do so, but the legacy of venality has marked French institutions down to our day. William Doyle, one of the foremost historians of early modern Europe, has written the first comprehensive history of the last century of venality. He traces the evolution and dissolution of a system which was fundamental to the workings of state and society in France for over threecenturies.
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN: 9780198205364
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 343
Book Description
In ancien regime France almost all posts of public responsibility had to be bought or inherited. Rather than tax their richer subjects directly, French kings preferred to sell them privileged public offices, which further payments allowed them to sell or bequeath at will. By the eighteenthcentury there were 70,000 venal offices, comprising the entire judiciary, most of the legal profession, officers in the army, and a wide range of other professions - from financiers handling the king's revenues down to auctioneers and even wigmakers. Though now yielding diminishing returns to theking, offices were more in demand than ever for the privileges and prestige, profit and power, that they conferred; and although it was widely accepted that selling public authority was undesirable, nobody imagined that those who had invested in offices could ever be bought out. The Revolutionbrought an unexpected opportunity to do so, but the legacy of venality has marked French institutions down to our day. William Doyle, one of the foremost historians of early modern Europe, has written the first comprehensive history of the last century of venality. He traces the evolution and dissolution of a system which was fundamental to the workings of state and society in France for over threecenturies.
Il Pastor Fido
Author: G. B. Boschini Battista Guarini
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781017556551
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781017556551
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Registers of the French Churches of Bristol, Stonehouse, and Plymouth
Author: Charles Edmund Lart
Publisher:
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Category : Bristol (England)
Languages : en
Pages : 650
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bristol (England)
Languages : en
Pages : 650
Book Description