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Author: Daniel A. Menchik
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691223556
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
How the authority of medicine is continuously shaped by relationships among physicians, industry, colleagues, and organizations Exploring how the authority of medicine is controlled, negotiated, and organized, Managing Medical Authority asks: How is knowledge shared throughout the profession? Who makes decisions when your heart malfunctions—physicians, hospital administrators, or private companies who sell pacemakers? How do physicians gain and keep their influence? Arguing that medicine’s authority is managed in collegial competition across venues, Daniel Menchik examines the full range of stakeholders driving the direction of the field: medical trainees, clinicians, researchers, administrators, and even the corporations that develop groundbreaking technologies enabling longer and better lives. Menchik takes us into Superior Hospital to witness surgeries and executive negotiations. He moves outside the hospital to watch professional committees craft standards for treatments, case management, and professional ethics. At industry-sponsored meetings, he observes company representatives who train some experienced doctors on their technologies, while deterring others who they think might injure patients. Using an innovative ethnographic approach tying individual actions and their collective consequences, he considers how stakeholders ally across the various venues of medicine, even as they are sometimes pressed into competition within those venues. Menchik finds that these alliances and rivalries strengthen the authority of medicine as a whole. From place to place, and group to group, we see how a medical specialty renews and reinvigorates itself. Beginning within the walls of the hospital, and moving to the professional and commercial venues that shape it, Managing Medical Authority offers an agenda-setting take on the social organization of medical authority.
Author: Daniel A. Menchik
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691223556
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328
Get Book Here
Book Description
How the authority of medicine is continuously shaped by relationships among physicians, industry, colleagues, and organizations Exploring how the authority of medicine is controlled, negotiated, and organized, Managing Medical Authority asks: How is knowledge shared throughout the profession? Who makes decisions when your heart malfunctions—physicians, hospital administrators, or private companies who sell pacemakers? How do physicians gain and keep their influence? Arguing that medicine’s authority is managed in collegial competition across venues, Daniel Menchik examines the full range of stakeholders driving the direction of the field: medical trainees, clinicians, researchers, administrators, and even the corporations that develop groundbreaking technologies enabling longer and better lives. Menchik takes us into Superior Hospital to witness surgeries and executive negotiations. He moves outside the hospital to watch professional committees craft standards for treatments, case management, and professional ethics. At industry-sponsored meetings, he observes company representatives who train some experienced doctors on their technologies, while deterring others who they think might injure patients. Using an innovative ethnographic approach tying individual actions and their collective consequences, he considers how stakeholders ally across the various venues of medicine, even as they are sometimes pressed into competition within those venues. Menchik finds that these alliances and rivalries strengthen the authority of medicine as a whole. From place to place, and group to group, we see how a medical specialty renews and reinvigorates itself. Beginning within the walls of the hospital, and moving to the professional and commercial venues that shape it, Managing Medical Authority offers an agenda-setting take on the social organization of medical authority.
Author: E. Carson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475799519
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
In a systematic and clear manner, the authors discuss the problems associated with clinical decision making and explore the current methods to solve them. In this monograph, they examine the results of combining the classical control system approach with the symbolic approaches which have been central to developments in artificial intelligence. Well illustrated with case studies, this volume will prove to be an invaluable resource to system scientists, engineers, computer scientists, and members of the medical community.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309124999
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
In the realm of health care, privacy protections are needed to preserve patients' dignity and prevent possible harms. Ten years ago, to address these concerns as well as set guidelines for ethical health research, Congress called for a set of federal standards now known as the HIPAA Privacy Rule. In its 2009 report, Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule: Enhancing Privacy, Improving Health Through Research, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Health Research and the Privacy of Health Information concludes that the HIPAA Privacy Rule does not protect privacy as well as it should, and that it impedes important health research.
Author: Constantinos M. Koutsojannis
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781536179255
Category : Big data
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
Data mining refers to the activity of going through big data sets to look for relevant information. As human health care data are the most difficult of all data to collect and their primary direction is the treatment of patients, and secondarily dealing with research, almost the only vindication for collecting medical data is to benefit the disease. All data miners should take into account that Medical Knowledge Extraction is internally connected with the Evidence-Based Medical approach because it uses data for already treated or not patients and there are times that opposites to Guideline Based medical practice. Additonally all researchers should be aware when are dealing with medical databases they may face the possibility that their work will never be accepted or even used from health care professionals if all these obligations will not be correctly addressed from the early beginning.In the present book, one can find after the three introductory chapters, a number of successfully evaluated applications that have been developed after mining approaches in Big or smaller amount (according to the application) of medical Data in different fields of every day clinical practice from teams of experts.The challenging adventure of Medical Knowledge Extraction can be followed by ambitious researchers finally resulting in a successful decision support system, that some times is so novel that it will provide new directions for basic or clinical research further that the existed. At least this procedure will save the experience of the best doctors on duty and will help young residents to be better and better.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030913319X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 191
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Book Description
The Institute of Medicine study Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001) recommended that an interdisciplinary summit be held to further reform of health professions education in order to enhance quality and patient safety. Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality is the follow up to that summit, held in June 2002, where 150 participants across disciplines and occupations developed ideas about how to integrate a core set of competencies into health professions education. These core competencies include patient-centered care, interdisciplinary teams, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, and informatics. This book recommends a mix of approaches to health education improvement, including those related to oversight processes, the training environment, research, public reporting, and leadership. Educators, administrators, and health professionals can use this book to help achieve an approach to education that better prepares clinicians to meet both the needs of patients and the requirements of a changing health care system.
Author: E. Carson
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781475799538
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
In a systematic and clear manner, the authors discuss the problems associated with clinical decision making and explore the current methods to solve them. In this monograph, they examine the results of combining the classical control system approach with the symbolic approaches which have been central to developments in artificial intelligence. Well illustrated with case studies, this volume will prove to be an invaluable resource to system scientists, engineers, computer scientists, and members of the medical community.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309377722
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 473
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Book Description
Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.
Author: Open University
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Treatments and practices derived from scientific medical knowledge have directly benefited most people presently living in the Western world. But this 'orthodox' knowledge is not the only, nor even the major, source of wisdom about health and disease. Elsewhere, scientific medicine is frequently subordinate to traditional medical practices. In Western cultures, people who consult a doctor do so for only a minority of their complaints and many alternative therapies thrive. We all have lay knowledge of health and disease which we use every day. Why then do we hold scientific medical knowledge in such esteem that it lies at the heart of health-care systems? In this book, medical knowledge comes under scrutiny from an interdisciplinary team of authors that includes sociologists, historians, epidemiologists and human biologists. They begin by examining modern culture and the coexistence of lay beliefs, alternative and complementary therapies, and orthodox scientific views of health and disease. The historical development of medical knowledge is traced in three case studies: on tuberculosis, blood, and hysteria. This journey into the past reveals the profound changes that have taken place in medical knowledge and practice, but also illuminates the rich heritage that has survived in modern medicine. The book concludes by examining the influence of social and cultural factors on the theory and practice of medicine today, the place of ritual, medicine as a mechanism of social control, and factors affecting trust and communication in the relationship between doctor and patient. In so doing, it questions the taken-for-granted status of scientific medical knowledge in Western society.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309145449
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
Collaborations of physicians and researchers with industry can provide valuable benefits to society, particularly in the translation of basic scientific discoveries to new therapies and products. Recent reports and news stories have, however, documented disturbing examples of relationships and practices that put at risk the integrity of medical research, the objectivity of professional education, the quality of patient care, the soundness of clinical practice guidelines, and the public's trust in medicine. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice provides a comprehensive look at conflict of interest in medicine. It offers principles to inform the design of policies to identify, limit, and manage conflicts of interest without damaging constructive collaboration with industry. It calls for both short-term actions and long-term commitments by institutions and individuals, including leaders of academic medical centers, professional societies, patient advocacy groups, government agencies, and drug, device, and pharmaceutical companies. Failure of the medical community to take convincing action on conflicts of interest invites additional legislative or regulatory measures that may be overly broad or unduly burdensome. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice makes several recommendations for strengthening conflict of interest policies and curbing relationships that create risks with little benefit. The book will serve as an invaluable resource for individuals and organizations committed to high ethical standards in all realms of medicine.
Author: David C. Aron
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030245934
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Book Description
This unique title explores complex systems in clinical medicine and the subsequent implementation of that knowledge into practice. Written conversationally and as a reflection on the journey of learning about complex systems, the book explores how knowledge of these systems can be applied to four key roles in academic medicine: clinical practice, education, research, and administration. Further, this title emphasizes how gaining an understanding of complex systems can greatly help a physician deal with the many challenges found in academic medicine. Unlike other books on complexity in medicine, which tend to focus on only one aspect of the management of patients, Complex Systems in Medicine deals with the multifaceted roles of a physician. The approach in this book is uniquely qualitative rather than mathematical, and is written to make it not only of interest to physicians, trainees, and allied health providers, but also to make it more accessible to a non-medical audience. The inclusion of personal anecdotes by the author provides concrete examples of the application of knowledge of complex systems in academic medicine. A first-of-its-kind contribution to the literature, Complex Systems in Medicine: A Hedgehog’s Tale of Complexity in Clinical Practice, Research, Education, and Management is not only a novel reference for medical professionals, it is an accessible tool for the non-medical audience hoping to learn more about complex systems and their direct relevance to medicine, a field that deals with the infinite variety of humans and their ills. It illustrates the consequences of the interactive elements of patient care that make medicine both a science and an art.
