Author: R. Meenakshi
Publisher: Shanlax Publications
ISBN: 939137316X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 182
Book Description
Technological advancement saves time, ease of mobility, providing better communication means, cost efficiency, improved banking, better learning techniques, though safety and security are still questionable in aspects mentioned above. Cyber-attacks, crime, fraudulent are still increasing in recent years. Today, cyber security is widely viewed as a matter of pressing national importance. Many elements of cyberspace are notoriously vulnerable to an expanding range of attacks by a spectrum of hackers, criminals and terrorists. This book aims to collect the information both thematic as well as research-oriented from various personnel working in the various fields having different experiences to provide the essentials regarding what Cyber security is really about and not the perception of it being related purely to hacking activity. It will provide the fundamental considerations for those who are interested in or thinking of changing career into the field of Cyber Security. It will also improve a reader’s understanding of key terminology commonly used, nowadays, surrounding internet issues as they arise. The focus of the authors of various chapters in this book is on cyber security, cyber attacks, cyber crime, cloud security, cyber law, protection of women and children in cyber world & cyber space, analysis of cyber feminist campaign, data privacy and security issues in cloud computing, Mobile or Media addiction, Ransomewares, social networking, threats and impacts of cyber security.
Cyber Security
Author: R. Meenakshi
Publisher: Shanlax Publications
ISBN: 939137316X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 182
Book Description
Technological advancement saves time, ease of mobility, providing better communication means, cost efficiency, improved banking, better learning techniques, though safety and security are still questionable in aspects mentioned above. Cyber-attacks, crime, fraudulent are still increasing in recent years. Today, cyber security is widely viewed as a matter of pressing national importance. Many elements of cyberspace are notoriously vulnerable to an expanding range of attacks by a spectrum of hackers, criminals and terrorists. This book aims to collect the information both thematic as well as research-oriented from various personnel working in the various fields having different experiences to provide the essentials regarding what Cyber security is really about and not the perception of it being related purely to hacking activity. It will provide the fundamental considerations for those who are interested in or thinking of changing career into the field of Cyber Security. It will also improve a reader’s understanding of key terminology commonly used, nowadays, surrounding internet issues as they arise. The focus of the authors of various chapters in this book is on cyber security, cyber attacks, cyber crime, cloud security, cyber law, protection of women and children in cyber world & cyber space, analysis of cyber feminist campaign, data privacy and security issues in cloud computing, Mobile or Media addiction, Ransomewares, social networking, threats and impacts of cyber security.
Publisher: Shanlax Publications
ISBN: 939137316X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 182
Book Description
Technological advancement saves time, ease of mobility, providing better communication means, cost efficiency, improved banking, better learning techniques, though safety and security are still questionable in aspects mentioned above. Cyber-attacks, crime, fraudulent are still increasing in recent years. Today, cyber security is widely viewed as a matter of pressing national importance. Many elements of cyberspace are notoriously vulnerable to an expanding range of attacks by a spectrum of hackers, criminals and terrorists. This book aims to collect the information both thematic as well as research-oriented from various personnel working in the various fields having different experiences to provide the essentials regarding what Cyber security is really about and not the perception of it being related purely to hacking activity. It will provide the fundamental considerations for those who are interested in or thinking of changing career into the field of Cyber Security. It will also improve a reader’s understanding of key terminology commonly used, nowadays, surrounding internet issues as they arise. The focus of the authors of various chapters in this book is on cyber security, cyber attacks, cyber crime, cloud security, cyber law, protection of women and children in cyber world & cyber space, analysis of cyber feminist campaign, data privacy and security issues in cloud computing, Mobile or Media addiction, Ransomewares, social networking, threats and impacts of cyber security.
Cyber Crime Investigator's Field Guide
Author: Bruce Middleton
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420031325
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Book Description
Many excellent hardware and software products exist to protect our data communications sytems, but security threats dictate that they must be further enhanced. Many laws implemented during the past 15 years have provided law enforcement with more teeth to take a bite out of cyber crime, but there is still a need for individuals who know how to inve
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420031325
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Book Description
Many excellent hardware and software products exist to protect our data communications sytems, but security threats dictate that they must be further enhanced. Many laws implemented during the past 15 years have provided law enforcement with more teeth to take a bite out of cyber crime, but there is still a need for individuals who know how to inve
Cyber Forensics
Author: Albert Marcella Jr.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439848238
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 528
Book Description
Updating and expanding information on concealment techniques, new technologies, hardware, software, and relevant new legislation, this second edition details scope of cyber forensics to reveal and track legal and illegal activity. Designed as an introduction and overview to the field, the authors guide you step-by-step through the basics of investigation and introduce the tools and procedures required to legally seize and forensically evaluate a suspect machine. The book covers rules of evidence, chain of custody, standard operating procedures, and the manipulation of technology to conceal illegal activities and how cyber forensics can uncover them.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439848238
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 528
Book Description
Updating and expanding information on concealment techniques, new technologies, hardware, software, and relevant new legislation, this second edition details scope of cyber forensics to reveal and track legal and illegal activity. Designed as an introduction and overview to the field, the authors guide you step-by-step through the basics of investigation and introduce the tools and procedures required to legally seize and forensically evaluate a suspect machine. The book covers rules of evidence, chain of custody, standard operating procedures, and the manipulation of technology to conceal illegal activities and how cyber forensics can uncover them.
Cyber Safe Girl v6.0
Author: Dr. Ananth Prabhu G
Publisher: Ananth Prabhu G
ISBN: 9334000848
Category : True Crime
Languages : en
Pages : 145
Book Description
Cyber Safe Girl is a handbook, curated to help the netizens to browse the internet responsibly. As the whole world moving online, the need for responsible browsing is very crucial as during the pandemic, there has been a sudden spike in cases of online frauds, scams and threats. This book comprises of 60 cyber crimes, tips and guidelines to stay protected, steps to keep our digital devices and online accounts safe, glossary and attack vectors used by cyber criminals. Moreover, the IT Act, IPC and other relevant acts associated with each of the 60 cyber crimes are explained in detail, to create awareness about the consequences. This book is a must read for every netizen.
Publisher: Ananth Prabhu G
ISBN: 9334000848
Category : True Crime
Languages : en
Pages : 145
Book Description
Cyber Safe Girl is a handbook, curated to help the netizens to browse the internet responsibly. As the whole world moving online, the need for responsible browsing is very crucial as during the pandemic, there has been a sudden spike in cases of online frauds, scams and threats. This book comprises of 60 cyber crimes, tips and guidelines to stay protected, steps to keep our digital devices and online accounts safe, glossary and attack vectors used by cyber criminals. Moreover, the IT Act, IPC and other relevant acts associated with each of the 60 cyber crimes are explained in detail, to create awareness about the consequences. This book is a must read for every netizen.
Cyber Guardians
Author: Bart R. McDonough
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1394226233
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 174
Book Description
A comprehensive overview for directors aiming to meet their cybersecurity responsibilities In Cyber Guardians: Empowering Board Members for Effective Cybersecurity, veteran cybersecurity advisor Bart McDonough delivers a comprehensive and hands-on roadmap to effective cybersecurity oversight for directors and board members at organizations of all sizes. The author includes real-world case studies, examples, frameworks, and blueprints that address relevant cybersecurity risks, including the industrialized ransomware attacks so commonly found in today’s headlines. In the book, you’ll explore the modern cybersecurity landscape, legal and regulatory requirements, risk management and assessment techniques, and the specific role played by board members in developing and promoting a culture of cybersecurity. You’ll also find: Examples of cases in which board members failed to adhere to regulatory and legal requirements to notify the victims of data breaches about a cybersecurity incident and the consequences they faced as a result Specific and actional cybersecurity implementation strategies written for readers without a technical background What to do to prevent a cybersecurity incident, as well as how to respond should one occur in your organization A practical and accessible resource for board members at firms of all shapes and sizes, Cyber Guardians is relevant across industries and sectors and a must-read guide for anyone with a stake in robust organizational cybersecurity.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1394226233
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 174
Book Description
A comprehensive overview for directors aiming to meet their cybersecurity responsibilities In Cyber Guardians: Empowering Board Members for Effective Cybersecurity, veteran cybersecurity advisor Bart McDonough delivers a comprehensive and hands-on roadmap to effective cybersecurity oversight for directors and board members at organizations of all sizes. The author includes real-world case studies, examples, frameworks, and blueprints that address relevant cybersecurity risks, including the industrialized ransomware attacks so commonly found in today’s headlines. In the book, you’ll explore the modern cybersecurity landscape, legal and regulatory requirements, risk management and assessment techniques, and the specific role played by board members in developing and promoting a culture of cybersecurity. You’ll also find: Examples of cases in which board members failed to adhere to regulatory and legal requirements to notify the victims of data breaches about a cybersecurity incident and the consequences they faced as a result Specific and actional cybersecurity implementation strategies written for readers without a technical background What to do to prevent a cybersecurity incident, as well as how to respond should one occur in your organization A practical and accessible resource for board members at firms of all shapes and sizes, Cyber Guardians is relevant across industries and sectors and a must-read guide for anyone with a stake in robust organizational cybersecurity.
Operations Research and Cyber-Infrastructure
Author: John W. Chinneck
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387888438
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 460
Book Description
Operations Research and Cyber-Infrastructure is the companion volume to the Eleventh INFORMS Computing Society Conference (ICS 2009), held in Charleston, South Carolina, from January 11 to 13, 2009. It includes 24 high-quality refereed research papers. As always, the focus of interest for ICS is the interface between Operations Research and Computer Science, and the papers in this volume reflect that interest. This is naturally an evolving area as computational power increases rapidly while decreasing in cost even more quickly, and the papers included here illustrate the wide range of topics at this interface.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387888438
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 460
Book Description
Operations Research and Cyber-Infrastructure is the companion volume to the Eleventh INFORMS Computing Society Conference (ICS 2009), held in Charleston, South Carolina, from January 11 to 13, 2009. It includes 24 high-quality refereed research papers. As always, the focus of interest for ICS is the interface between Operations Research and Computer Science, and the papers in this volume reflect that interest. This is naturally an evolving area as computational power increases rapidly while decreasing in cost even more quickly, and the papers included here illustrate the wide range of topics at this interface.
Scene of the Cybercrime
Author: Debra Littlejohn Shinder
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080486991
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 745
Book Description
When it comes to computer crimes, the criminals got a big head start. But the law enforcement and IT security communities are now working diligently to develop the knowledge, skills, and tools to successfully investigate and prosecute Cybercrime cases. When the first edition of "Scene of the Cybercrime" published in 2002, it was one of the first books that educated IT security professionals and law enforcement how to fight Cybercrime. Over the past 5 years a great deal has changed in how computer crimes are perpetrated and subsequently investigated. Also, the IT security and law enforcement communities have dramatically improved their ability to deal with Cybercrime, largely as a result of increased spending and training. According to the 2006 Computer Security Institute's and FBI's joint Cybercrime report: 52% of companies reported unauthorized use of computer systems in the prior 12 months. Each of these incidents is a Cybecrime requiring a certain level of investigation and remediation. And in many cases, an investigation is mandates by federal compliance regulations such as Sarbanes-Oxley, HIPAA, or the Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard. Scene of the Cybercrime, Second Edition is a completely revised and updated book which covers all of the technological, legal, and regulatory changes, which have occurred since the first edition. The book is written for dual audience; IT security professionals and members of law enforcement. It gives the technical experts a little peek into the law enforcement world, a highly structured environment where the "letter of the law" is paramount and procedures must be followed closely lest an investigation be contaminated and all the evidence collected rendered useless. It also provides law enforcement officers with an idea of some of the technical aspects of how cyber crimes are committed, and how technology can be used to track down and build a case against the criminals who commit them. Scene of the Cybercrime, Second Editions provides a roadmap that those on both sides of the table can use to navigate the legal and technical landscape to understand, prevent, detect, and successfully prosecute the criminal behavior that is as much a threat to the online community as "traditional" crime is to the neighborhoods in which we live. Also included is an all new chapter on Worldwide Forensics Acts and Laws. - Companion Web site provides custom tools and scripts, which readers can download for conducting digital, forensic investigations - Special chapters outline how Cybercrime investigations must be reported and investigated by corporate IT staff to meet federal mandates from Sarbanes Oxley, and the Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard - Details forensic investigative techniques for the most common operating systems (Windows, Linux and UNIX) as well as cutting edge devices including iPods, Blackberries, and cell phones
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080486991
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 745
Book Description
When it comes to computer crimes, the criminals got a big head start. But the law enforcement and IT security communities are now working diligently to develop the knowledge, skills, and tools to successfully investigate and prosecute Cybercrime cases. When the first edition of "Scene of the Cybercrime" published in 2002, it was one of the first books that educated IT security professionals and law enforcement how to fight Cybercrime. Over the past 5 years a great deal has changed in how computer crimes are perpetrated and subsequently investigated. Also, the IT security and law enforcement communities have dramatically improved their ability to deal with Cybercrime, largely as a result of increased spending and training. According to the 2006 Computer Security Institute's and FBI's joint Cybercrime report: 52% of companies reported unauthorized use of computer systems in the prior 12 months. Each of these incidents is a Cybecrime requiring a certain level of investigation and remediation. And in many cases, an investigation is mandates by federal compliance regulations such as Sarbanes-Oxley, HIPAA, or the Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard. Scene of the Cybercrime, Second Edition is a completely revised and updated book which covers all of the technological, legal, and regulatory changes, which have occurred since the first edition. The book is written for dual audience; IT security professionals and members of law enforcement. It gives the technical experts a little peek into the law enforcement world, a highly structured environment where the "letter of the law" is paramount and procedures must be followed closely lest an investigation be contaminated and all the evidence collected rendered useless. It also provides law enforcement officers with an idea of some of the technical aspects of how cyber crimes are committed, and how technology can be used to track down and build a case against the criminals who commit them. Scene of the Cybercrime, Second Editions provides a roadmap that those on both sides of the table can use to navigate the legal and technical landscape to understand, prevent, detect, and successfully prosecute the criminal behavior that is as much a threat to the online community as "traditional" crime is to the neighborhoods in which we live. Also included is an all new chapter on Worldwide Forensics Acts and Laws. - Companion Web site provides custom tools and scripts, which readers can download for conducting digital, forensic investigations - Special chapters outline how Cybercrime investigations must be reported and investigated by corporate IT staff to meet federal mandates from Sarbanes Oxley, and the Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard - Details forensic investigative techniques for the most common operating systems (Windows, Linux and UNIX) as well as cutting edge devices including iPods, Blackberries, and cell phones
Optimizing Cyberdeterrence
Author: Robert Mandel
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
ISBN: 1626164142
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Book Description
Cyberattacks are one of the greatest fears for governments and the private sector. The attacks come without warning and can be extremely costly and embarrassing. Robert Mandel offers a unique and comprehensive strategic vision for how governments, in partnership with the private sector, can deter cyberattacks from both nonstate and state actors. Cyberdeterrence must be different from conventional military or nuclear deterrence, which are mainly based on dissuading an attack by forcing the aggressor to face unacceptable costs. In the cyber realm, where attributing a specific attack to a specific actor is extremely difficult, conventional deterrence principles are not enough. Mandel argues that cyberdeterrence must alter a potential attacker’s decision calculus by not only raising costs for the attacker but also by limiting the prospects for gain. Cyberdeterrence must also involve indirect unorthodox restraints, such as exposure to negative blowback and deceptive diversionary measures, and cross-domain measures rather than just retaliation in kind. The book includes twelve twenty-first-century cyberattack case studies to draw insights into cyberdeterrence and determine the conditions under which it works most effectively. Mandel concludes by making recommendations for implementing cyberdeterrence and integrating it into broader national security policy. Cyber policy practitioners and scholars will gain valuable and current knowledge from this excellent study.
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
ISBN: 1626164142
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Book Description
Cyberattacks are one of the greatest fears for governments and the private sector. The attacks come without warning and can be extremely costly and embarrassing. Robert Mandel offers a unique and comprehensive strategic vision for how governments, in partnership with the private sector, can deter cyberattacks from both nonstate and state actors. Cyberdeterrence must be different from conventional military or nuclear deterrence, which are mainly based on dissuading an attack by forcing the aggressor to face unacceptable costs. In the cyber realm, where attributing a specific attack to a specific actor is extremely difficult, conventional deterrence principles are not enough. Mandel argues that cyberdeterrence must alter a potential attacker’s decision calculus by not only raising costs for the attacker but also by limiting the prospects for gain. Cyberdeterrence must also involve indirect unorthodox restraints, such as exposure to negative blowback and deceptive diversionary measures, and cross-domain measures rather than just retaliation in kind. The book includes twelve twenty-first-century cyberattack case studies to draw insights into cyberdeterrence and determine the conditions under which it works most effectively. Mandel concludes by making recommendations for implementing cyberdeterrence and integrating it into broader national security policy. Cyber policy practitioners and scholars will gain valuable and current knowledge from this excellent study.
vSIM Technology
Author: Ron Legarski
Publisher: SolveForce
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 501
Book Description
"vSIM Technology: The Future of Connectivity" provides an in-depth exploration of Virtual SIM (vSIM) technology, a groundbreaking innovation set to redefine global connectivity. This comprehensive guide is essential for telecom professionals, IT experts, and technology enthusiasts who want to understand the full potential of vSIM. The book begins with an overview of vSIM, tracing its evolution from traditional SIM cards to eSIM and, finally, to Virtual SIM. It details the technical architecture, including virtualization, software stacks, and security protocols that make vSIM a secure and scalable solution for modern networks. You'll explore how vSIM integrates with 4G and 5G networks, supports IoT deployments, and enhances enterprise mobility by providing secure, flexible connectivity for remote workforces and global operations. Real-world case studies illustrate successful implementations across industries like manufacturing, healthcare, and smart cities. Security is a major focus, with chapters dedicated to addressing authentication challenges, identity management, and protection against cyber threats, all while ensuring compliance with global regulations. The book also examines the role of vSIM in consumer electronics, from smartphones and wearables to smart home devices, offering insights into the benefits and challenges for users. Further, the guide delves into the impact of vSIM on broadband services, particularly in enhancing connectivity in rural areas through Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) and broadband routers. It also discusses vSIM’s integration with corporate VPNs, secure remote access, and multi-branch connectivity, backed by case studies of enterprise adoption. The book addresses the global regulatory landscape, legal challenges, and privacy concerns surrounding vSIM technology. It also explores market trends, key players, and future prospects in this rapidly evolving field. For those interested in overcoming technical challenges, the guide offers practical solutions for ensuring reliable vSIM connectivity and enhancing performance. In the final chapters, the book looks ahead to the future of vSIM, considering its role in 6G networks, network slicing, and the creation of a hyper-connected world. Environmental benefits, such as reducing e-waste and improving energy efficiency, are also discussed. Supplemented by appendices on security best practices, global case studies, and technical specifications, "vSIM Technology: The Future of Connectivity" is your definitive guide to understanding and leveraging this cutting-edge technology in today’s digital landscape.
Publisher: SolveForce
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 501
Book Description
"vSIM Technology: The Future of Connectivity" provides an in-depth exploration of Virtual SIM (vSIM) technology, a groundbreaking innovation set to redefine global connectivity. This comprehensive guide is essential for telecom professionals, IT experts, and technology enthusiasts who want to understand the full potential of vSIM. The book begins with an overview of vSIM, tracing its evolution from traditional SIM cards to eSIM and, finally, to Virtual SIM. It details the technical architecture, including virtualization, software stacks, and security protocols that make vSIM a secure and scalable solution for modern networks. You'll explore how vSIM integrates with 4G and 5G networks, supports IoT deployments, and enhances enterprise mobility by providing secure, flexible connectivity for remote workforces and global operations. Real-world case studies illustrate successful implementations across industries like manufacturing, healthcare, and smart cities. Security is a major focus, with chapters dedicated to addressing authentication challenges, identity management, and protection against cyber threats, all while ensuring compliance with global regulations. The book also examines the role of vSIM in consumer electronics, from smartphones and wearables to smart home devices, offering insights into the benefits and challenges for users. Further, the guide delves into the impact of vSIM on broadband services, particularly in enhancing connectivity in rural areas through Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) and broadband routers. It also discusses vSIM’s integration with corporate VPNs, secure remote access, and multi-branch connectivity, backed by case studies of enterprise adoption. The book addresses the global regulatory landscape, legal challenges, and privacy concerns surrounding vSIM technology. It also explores market trends, key players, and future prospects in this rapidly evolving field. For those interested in overcoming technical challenges, the guide offers practical solutions for ensuring reliable vSIM connectivity and enhancing performance. In the final chapters, the book looks ahead to the future of vSIM, considering its role in 6G networks, network slicing, and the creation of a hyper-connected world. Environmental benefits, such as reducing e-waste and improving energy efficiency, are also discussed. Supplemented by appendices on security best practices, global case studies, and technical specifications, "vSIM Technology: The Future of Connectivity" is your definitive guide to understanding and leveraging this cutting-edge technology in today’s digital landscape.
Game Theory for Cyber Deception
Author: Jeffrey Pawlick
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030660656
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
This book introduces game theory as a means to conceptualize, model, and analyze cyber deception. Drawing upon a collection of deception research from the past 10 years, the authors develop a taxonomy of six species of defensive cyber deception. Three of these six species are highlighted in the context of emerging problems such as privacy against ubiquitous tracking in the Internet of things (IoT), dynamic honeynets for the observation of advanced persistent threats (APTs), and active defense against physical denial-of-service (PDoS) attacks. Because of its uniquely thorough treatment of cyber deception, this book will serve as a timely contribution and valuable resource in this active field. The opening chapters introduce both cybersecurity in a manner suitable for game theorists and game theory as appropriate for cybersecurity professionals. Chapter Four then guides readers through the specific field of defensive cyber deception. A key feature of the remaining chapters is the development of a signaling game model for the species of leaky deception featured in honeypots and honeyfiles. This model is expanded to study interactions between multiple agents with varying abilities to detect deception. Game Theory for Cyber Deception will appeal to advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers interested in applying game theory to cybersecurity. It will also be of value to researchers and professionals working on cybersecurity who seek an introduction to game theory.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030660656
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
This book introduces game theory as a means to conceptualize, model, and analyze cyber deception. Drawing upon a collection of deception research from the past 10 years, the authors develop a taxonomy of six species of defensive cyber deception. Three of these six species are highlighted in the context of emerging problems such as privacy against ubiquitous tracking in the Internet of things (IoT), dynamic honeynets for the observation of advanced persistent threats (APTs), and active defense against physical denial-of-service (PDoS) attacks. Because of its uniquely thorough treatment of cyber deception, this book will serve as a timely contribution and valuable resource in this active field. The opening chapters introduce both cybersecurity in a manner suitable for game theorists and game theory as appropriate for cybersecurity professionals. Chapter Four then guides readers through the specific field of defensive cyber deception. A key feature of the remaining chapters is the development of a signaling game model for the species of leaky deception featured in honeypots and honeyfiles. This model is expanded to study interactions between multiple agents with varying abilities to detect deception. Game Theory for Cyber Deception will appeal to advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers interested in applying game theory to cybersecurity. It will also be of value to researchers and professionals working on cybersecurity who seek an introduction to game theory.