Cryptorchidism: Causes and Consequences PDF Download
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Author: Richard Ivell
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889632849
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 95
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Book Description
Cryptorchidism is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum at birth or shortly thereafter, depending on species, or the ascent of previously descended testes later in life. It is the commonest of all congenital conditions in the human representing between 1 and 9% of all male babies born. It is also common in domestic species such as pigs, dogs and horses. Importantly, cryptorchidism is seen as a sentinel of fetal well-being and is associated with other less common ailments such as testis cancer and hypospadias as part of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), as well as being linked to maternal smoking and intrauterine growth restriction. It also likely results from maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals. Surprisingly, we know relatively little about its immediate causes although deficits in fetal hormonal signaling through INSL3 or testosterone and complex genetic susceptibility seem to be involved. The testes may be affected unilaterally or bilaterally with anatomical arrest anywhere between the abdomen to just above the scrotum. Significantly, we need to distinguish between the consequences of cryptorchidism simply due to retention of the testes within the body cavity at abdominal rather than scrotal temperature, and those sequelae which share a common fetal cause. The former are largely correctable by early orchidopexy. In this Research Topic we aim to bring together a broad selection of articles (reviews, original research articles, commentaries and hypotheses) from the leading experts in the field, discussing all aspects of this common congenital condition, and throwing light on its genetic and environmental causes including its relationship to TDS and the biological mechanisms involved, its sequelae, and how these relate to optimal treatment.
Author: Richard Ivell
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889632849
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 95
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cryptorchidism is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum at birth or shortly thereafter, depending on species, or the ascent of previously descended testes later in life. It is the commonest of all congenital conditions in the human representing between 1 and 9% of all male babies born. It is also common in domestic species such as pigs, dogs and horses. Importantly, cryptorchidism is seen as a sentinel of fetal well-being and is associated with other less common ailments such as testis cancer and hypospadias as part of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), as well as being linked to maternal smoking and intrauterine growth restriction. It also likely results from maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals. Surprisingly, we know relatively little about its immediate causes although deficits in fetal hormonal signaling through INSL3 or testosterone and complex genetic susceptibility seem to be involved. The testes may be affected unilaterally or bilaterally with anatomical arrest anywhere between the abdomen to just above the scrotum. Significantly, we need to distinguish between the consequences of cryptorchidism simply due to retention of the testes within the body cavity at abdominal rather than scrotal temperature, and those sequelae which share a common fetal cause. The former are largely correctable by early orchidopexy. In this Research Topic we aim to bring together a broad selection of articles (reviews, original research articles, commentaries and hypotheses) from the leading experts in the field, discussing all aspects of this common congenital condition, and throwing light on its genetic and environmental causes including its relationship to TDS and the biological mechanisms involved, its sequelae, and how these relate to optimal treatment.
Author: K.J. Barteczko
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642583539
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
The testicular descent (descensus testis) is described in a complete series of human material from stage 14 CC to the adult state by using own phases. Central points of interest in this work are answers to questions which have been discussed controversially by generations of scientists and which are wrong or inadequately documented in most textbooks of embryology: Does an inner gonadal descent exist? What about origin, role and fate of gubernaculum H., processus vaginalis peritonei and gonadal ligaments? How do the annexes of testis come into their final position? The results are based on serial sections, scanning electron microscopy, three-dimensional reconstructions, microdissection and immunohistochemistry.
Author: John M. Hutson
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319259105
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
This book provides a state of the art overview of all aspects of testicular descent and cryptorchidism, including the mechanisms of descent and the causes, consequences, diagnosis, and treatment of undescended testis. The advances in understanding that have been achieved over the past two decades are clearly explained, covering the latest genetic information on the causes of normal and abnormal testicular descent, the role of INSL3 in transabdominal migration, and the evidence that a neurotransmitter released from the genitofemoral nerve mediates androgenic control of inguinoscrotal descent. Exciting changes in the management of both congenital and acquired cryptorchidism, such as the widespread use of laparoscopy for impalpable testes inside the abdominal cavity, are fully described. Evidence for the benefits of orchidopexy within the first year of life is reviewed, and an individual chapter is also devoted to hormonal treatment. Throughout the book due attention is given to ongoing controversies and divergences of opinion. This new edition of Descent of the Testis will be a timely update and valuable reference for all who are involved in research into testicular descent and management of cryptorchidism.
Author: George W. Holcomb
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323187366
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1191
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Book Description
Acclaimed for its unsurpassed readability and manageable scope, Ashcraft’s Pediatric Surgery presents authoritative, practical guidance on treating the entire range of general surgical and urological problems in infants, children, and adolescents. State-of-the-art, expert coverage equips you to implement all the latest approaches and achieve optimal outcomes for all of your patients. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Make the most effective use of today’s best open and minimally invasive techniques, including single-site umbilical laparoscopic surgery, with guidance from internationally recognized experts in the field. Focus on evidence-based treatments and outcomes to apply today’s best practices. Stay current with timely topics thanks to brand-new chapters on Choledochal Cyst and Gallbladder Disease, Tissue Engineering, and Ethics in Pediatric Surgery, plus comprehensive updates throughout. Hone and expand your surgical skills by watching videos of minimally invasive procedures for recto urethral fistula, biliary atresia, laparoscopic splenectomy, uterine horn, and more. Grasp the visual nuances of surgery from over 1,000 images depicting today’s best surgical practices.
Author: Suresh C Sikka
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128013133
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 638
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Book Description
Bioenvironmental Issues Affecting Men's Reproductive and Sexual Health is structured into two parts related to men's reproductive and sexual health with eight sections designed to enable a logical flow of such knowledge. The book is focused on the biology of key organs involved in male reproduction and the environmental influences affecting their functions with particular emphasis on clinical aspects. Individual chapters within the book range from basic to translational aspects, but all hold clinical relevance. This is an essential reference for those working and learning in the field of human reproduction, reproductive toxicology and environmental influences on reproductive and sexual health. - Brings together the leading authorities working in the field of male reproduction and sexual health and how the environment affects these issues - Provides guidelines and reference values of various reproductive hormones, semen parameters, inclusion/exclusion criteria for clinical trials - Discover the most efficient methods by which to design clinical protocols for sperm safety studies and reproductive toxicology trials
Author: Fred F. Ferri
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323550762
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 7409
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Book Description
Updated annually with the latest developments in diagnosis and treatment recommendations, Ferri’s Clinical Advisor uses the popular "5 books in 1" format to organize vast amounts of information in a clinically relevant, user-friendly manner. This efficient, intuitive format provides quick access to answers on more than 900 common medical conditions, including diseases and disorders, differential diagnoses, and laboratory tests – all updated by experts in key clinical fields. Updated algorithms and current clinical practice guidelines help you keep pace with the speed of modern medicine. Contains significant updates throughout, with more than 500 new figures, tables, and boxes added to this new edition. Features 17 all-new topics including opioid overdose, obesity-Hypoventilation syndrome, acute pelvic pain in women, new-onset seizures, and eosinophilic esophagitis, among many others. Provides current ICD-10 insurance billing codes to help expedite insurance reimbursements. Includes cross-references, outlines, bullets, tables, boxes, and algorithms to help you navigate a wealth of clinical information. Offers access to exclusive online content: more than 90 additional topics; new algorithms, images, and tables; EBM boxes; patient teaching guides, color images, and more.
Author: Manuela Simoni
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319444406
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1364
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations of testicular diseases, endocrine aspects of andrological and sexual diseases, and therapy. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, and ethical aspects of male reproductive disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.
Author: Larry I. Lipshultz
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139483242
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 691
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Book Description
The new edition of this canonical text on male reproductive medicine will cement the book's market-leading position. Practitioners across many specialties - including urologists, gynecologists, reproductive endocrinologists, medical endocrinologists and many in internal medicine and family practice – will see men with suboptimal fertility and reproductive problems. The book provides an excellent source of timely, well-considered information for those training in this young and rapidly evolving field. While several recent books provide targeted 'cookbooks' for those in a male reproductive laboratory, or quick reference for practising generalists, the modern, comprehensive reference providing both a background for male reproductive medicine as well as clinical practice information based on that foundation has been lacking until now. The book has been extensively revised with a particular focus on modern molecular medicine. Appropriate therapeutic interventions are highlighted throughout.
Author: Reiko Kishi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811505209
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 554
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Book Description
This book provides concise and cutting-edge studies on threats resulting from exposure to environmental chemicals that can affect human health and development, with a particular emphasis on the DOHaD concept. The book is divided into five main parts, the first of which includes an introduction to the impacts of developmental exposure to environmental chemicals and historical perspectives, while the second focuses on how environmental chemicals can affect human organs, including neurodevelopment, immune functions, etc. In turn, the third part addresses the characteristics of specific chemicals and their effects on human health and development, while the fourth part provides a basis for future studies by highlighting the latest innovations in toxicology, remaining challenges, and promising strategies in children’s environmental health research, as well as ideas on how to bridge the gap between research evidence and practical policymaking. The fifth and last part outlines further research directions and related policymaking aspects. Health Impacts of Developmental Exposure to Environmental Chemicals will appeal to young and veteran researchers, students, and physicians (especially gynecologists and pediatricians) who are seeking comprehensive information on how children’s health can be affected by harmful chemicals and other environmental toxicants.
Author: Giorgio Cavallini
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319085034
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
This book provides andrologists and other practitioners with reliable, up-to-date information on all aspects of male infertility and is designed to assist in the clinical management of patients. Clear guidance is offered on classification of infertility, sperm analysis interpretation and diagnosis. The full range of types and causes of male infertility are then discussed in depth. Particular attention is devoted to poorly understood conditions such as unexplained couple infertility and idiopathic male infertility, but the roles of diverse disorders, health and lifestyle factors and environmental pollution are also fully explored. Research considered stimulating for the reader is highlighted, reflecting the fascinating and controversial nature of the field. International treatment guidelines are presented and the role of diet and dietary supplements is discussed in view of their increasing importance. Clinicians will find that the book’s straightforward approach ensures that it can be easily and rapidly consulted.
