Author: John Doty
Publisher: Digital money, Crypto Blockchain Bitcoin Altcoins Ethereum litecoin
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Book Description
Authors Cut EXTENDED VERSION Note from the author; This book drops all the 'dimes' on crypto. Be pre-paired to gain the knowledge and the secrets of digital currency. This Tell All Book is the Book to have if you have any interest in future financial investments. Equality for all and all for Equality. Educational Facts on Everything Bitcoin and Blockchain Technology Bitcoin's inception in 2009 paved the way for investment possibilities in an entirely new asset class dubbed cryptocurrency. Many individuals reached the room extremely early. They purchased crypto at bargain rates, attracted by the enormous potential of these fledglings yet promising properties. As a result, they became millionaires/billionaires during the 2017 bull run. Even those who staked a small amount earned respectable income. Years later, cryptocurrencies continue to be lucrative, indicating that the industry is not going anywhere. You may already be an investor/trader or you may be considering it. In any case, it makes sense to understand the advantages of cryptocurrency investment. According to a Deutsche Bank study titled Imagine 2030, credit and debit cards will become redundant. Smartphones and other mobile devices will supplant them. Cryptocurrencies would no longer be considered outcasts but rather as viable alternatives to established monetary structures. Their advantages will be recognized, including security, speed, low transaction fees, ease of storage and relevance in the digital era. Concise regulatory guidance will help popularize and accelerate the acceptance of cryptocurrencies. By 2030, the study predicts, there will be 200 million cryptocurrency wallet users and nearly 350 million by 2035. By investing in cryptocurrencies, you will become a member of a vibrant and rapidly growing group. Diversification is a critical investment rule of thumb. Particularly now, most assets have sustained significant losses due to economic difficulties exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Though bitcoin has returned 26 percent year to date, gold has returned 16 percent. Many other cryptocurrencies have achieved three-digit returns on investment.
Crypto-Currency. Dropping Dimes Straight Outta the Matrix. The Tell All Big Blue Book of Crypto Secrets, the Next Generation Digital Currency
Author: John Doty
Publisher: Digital money, Crypto Blockchain Bitcoin Altcoins Ethereum litecoin
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Book Description
Authors Cut EXTENDED VERSION Note from the author; This book drops all the 'dimes' on crypto. Be pre-paired to gain the knowledge and the secrets of digital currency. This Tell All Book is the Book to have if you have any interest in future financial investments. Equality for all and all for Equality. Educational Facts on Everything Bitcoin and Blockchain Technology Bitcoin's inception in 2009 paved the way for investment possibilities in an entirely new asset class dubbed cryptocurrency. Many individuals reached the room extremely early. They purchased crypto at bargain rates, attracted by the enormous potential of these fledglings yet promising properties. As a result, they became millionaires/billionaires during the 2017 bull run. Even those who staked a small amount earned respectable income. Years later, cryptocurrencies continue to be lucrative, indicating that the industry is not going anywhere. You may already be an investor/trader or you may be considering it. In any case, it makes sense to understand the advantages of cryptocurrency investment. According to a Deutsche Bank study titled Imagine 2030, credit and debit cards will become redundant. Smartphones and other mobile devices will supplant them. Cryptocurrencies would no longer be considered outcasts but rather as viable alternatives to established monetary structures. Their advantages will be recognized, including security, speed, low transaction fees, ease of storage and relevance in the digital era. Concise regulatory guidance will help popularize and accelerate the acceptance of cryptocurrencies. By 2030, the study predicts, there will be 200 million cryptocurrency wallet users and nearly 350 million by 2035. By investing in cryptocurrencies, you will become a member of a vibrant and rapidly growing group. Diversification is a critical investment rule of thumb. Particularly now, most assets have sustained significant losses due to economic difficulties exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Though bitcoin has returned 26 percent year to date, gold has returned 16 percent. Many other cryptocurrencies have achieved three-digit returns on investment.
Publisher: Digital money, Crypto Blockchain Bitcoin Altcoins Ethereum litecoin
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Book Description
Authors Cut EXTENDED VERSION Note from the author; This book drops all the 'dimes' on crypto. Be pre-paired to gain the knowledge and the secrets of digital currency. This Tell All Book is the Book to have if you have any interest in future financial investments. Equality for all and all for Equality. Educational Facts on Everything Bitcoin and Blockchain Technology Bitcoin's inception in 2009 paved the way for investment possibilities in an entirely new asset class dubbed cryptocurrency. Many individuals reached the room extremely early. They purchased crypto at bargain rates, attracted by the enormous potential of these fledglings yet promising properties. As a result, they became millionaires/billionaires during the 2017 bull run. Even those who staked a small amount earned respectable income. Years later, cryptocurrencies continue to be lucrative, indicating that the industry is not going anywhere. You may already be an investor/trader or you may be considering it. In any case, it makes sense to understand the advantages of cryptocurrency investment. According to a Deutsche Bank study titled Imagine 2030, credit and debit cards will become redundant. Smartphones and other mobile devices will supplant them. Cryptocurrencies would no longer be considered outcasts but rather as viable alternatives to established monetary structures. Their advantages will be recognized, including security, speed, low transaction fees, ease of storage and relevance in the digital era. Concise regulatory guidance will help popularize and accelerate the acceptance of cryptocurrencies. By 2030, the study predicts, there will be 200 million cryptocurrency wallet users and nearly 350 million by 2035. By investing in cryptocurrencies, you will become a member of a vibrant and rapidly growing group. Diversification is a critical investment rule of thumb. Particularly now, most assets have sustained significant losses due to economic difficulties exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Though bitcoin has returned 26 percent year to date, gold has returned 16 percent. Many other cryptocurrencies have achieved three-digit returns on investment.
Blockchain Revolution
Author: Don Tapscott
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 110198015X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 421
Book Description
Blockchain technology is powering our future. As the technology behind cryptocurrencies like bitcoin and Facebook's Libra, open software platforms like Ethereum, and disruptive companies like Ripple, it’s too important to ignore. In this revelatory book, Don Tapscott, the bestselling author of Wikinomics, and his son, blockchain expert Alex Tapscott, bring us a brilliantly researched, highly readable, and essential book about the technology driving the future of the economy. Blockchain is the ingeniously simple, revolutionary protocol that allows transactions to be simultaneously anonymous and secure by maintaining a tamperproof public ledger of value. Though it’s best known as the technology that drives bitcoin and other digital currencies, it also has the potential to go far beyond currency, to record virtually everything of value to humankind, from birth and death certificates to insurance claims, land titles, and even votes. Blockchain is also essential to understand if you’re an artist who wants to make a living off your art, a consumer who wants to know where that hamburger meat really came from, an immigrant who’s tired of paying big fees to send money home to your loved ones, or an entrepreneur looking for a new platform to build a business. And those examples are barely the tip of the iceberg. As with major paradigm shifts that preceded it, blockchain technology will create winners and losers. This book shines a light on where it can lead us in the next decade and beyond.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 110198015X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 421
Book Description
Blockchain technology is powering our future. As the technology behind cryptocurrencies like bitcoin and Facebook's Libra, open software platforms like Ethereum, and disruptive companies like Ripple, it’s too important to ignore. In this revelatory book, Don Tapscott, the bestselling author of Wikinomics, and his son, blockchain expert Alex Tapscott, bring us a brilliantly researched, highly readable, and essential book about the technology driving the future of the economy. Blockchain is the ingeniously simple, revolutionary protocol that allows transactions to be simultaneously anonymous and secure by maintaining a tamperproof public ledger of value. Though it’s best known as the technology that drives bitcoin and other digital currencies, it also has the potential to go far beyond currency, to record virtually everything of value to humankind, from birth and death certificates to insurance claims, land titles, and even votes. Blockchain is also essential to understand if you’re an artist who wants to make a living off your art, a consumer who wants to know where that hamburger meat really came from, an immigrant who’s tired of paying big fees to send money home to your loved ones, or an entrepreneur looking for a new platform to build a business. And those examples are barely the tip of the iceberg. As with major paradigm shifts that preceded it, blockchain technology will create winners and losers. This book shines a light on where it can lead us in the next decade and beyond.
On the Scalability and Security of Bitcoin
Author: Christian Decker
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781530769452
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
Since its inception in late 2008, Bitcoin has enjoyed a rapid growth, both in value and in the number of transactions. Its success is mostly due to innovative use of a peer-to-peer network to implement all aspects of a currency's lifecycle - from creation to its transfer between users. Bitcoin offers cash-like transactions that are near-instantaneous and non-refundable, while at the same time allowing truly global transactions, processed at the same speed as local ones. It offers a public transaction history, enabling trustless auditability, and it introduces many new and innovative use-cases such as smart property, micropayments, contracts, and escrow transactions for dispute mediation. However, the same features that make Bitcoin attractive for its end-users are also its main limitations. Its decentralized nature limits the number of transactions and the speed at which transactions can be performed and confirmed. The problem with the slow confirmations is compounded with the semantics of the confirmations which are not final, requiring multiple confirmations and further delaying acceptance of a transaction. In the first part of the thesis we analyze whether the current Bitcoin protocol scales and what the scalability limits are. We find that Bitcoin does not scale, because its synchronization mechanism, the blockchain, limits the maximum rate of transactions the network can process. In order to address the scalability problem we propose Duplex Micropayment Channels, which increase the rate at which Bitcoin transfers can be performed by several orders of magnitude, by moving the transfers off the blockchain and using the blockchain solely for dispute mediation. Another form of scalability problem is the fact that more and more blockchain based applications are being created, eachwith their own small isolated blockchain, and vulnerable to attacks. We present PeerCensus, a subsystem that acts as a certification authority, manages peer identities in a peer-to-peer network and does not store application specific data in the blockchain. Using PeerCensus, any number of applications can share a single blockchain, decoupling confirmations from block generation rate and enhancing Bitcoin and similar systems with strong consistency. Being a relatively new technology, Bitcoin has a number of new security challenges and innovative properties. We analyze these properties and challenges in the second part of the thesis. The first novel property is that the transaction history, in the form of the blockchain, is public and accessible by anyone. Making use of the open nature of the blockchain, we were able to dispell claims by MtGox, once the world's largest Bitcoin exchange, that a bug in the Bitcoin protocol was used in a large scale attack to defraud them. We then use the blockchain to build a prototype of an audit protocol that allows a fiduciary, such as a Bitcoin exchange, to demonstrate that its assets cover its liabilities, without resorting to trusted third parties. Bitcoin also shifts the responsibility of managing and securing funds from a trusted third party to the end-user, which may not have the necessary tools to protect her funds. We show how a merchant may accept fast-payments, i.e., transactions without waiting for confirmations, with reasonable security against doublespending attacks by observing how transactions propagate in the network. Finally, we present a prototype of a secure device that stores private keys in tamper resitant storage and allows the user to independently verify a payment before authorizing it.
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781530769452
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
Since its inception in late 2008, Bitcoin has enjoyed a rapid growth, both in value and in the number of transactions. Its success is mostly due to innovative use of a peer-to-peer network to implement all aspects of a currency's lifecycle - from creation to its transfer between users. Bitcoin offers cash-like transactions that are near-instantaneous and non-refundable, while at the same time allowing truly global transactions, processed at the same speed as local ones. It offers a public transaction history, enabling trustless auditability, and it introduces many new and innovative use-cases such as smart property, micropayments, contracts, and escrow transactions for dispute mediation. However, the same features that make Bitcoin attractive for its end-users are also its main limitations. Its decentralized nature limits the number of transactions and the speed at which transactions can be performed and confirmed. The problem with the slow confirmations is compounded with the semantics of the confirmations which are not final, requiring multiple confirmations and further delaying acceptance of a transaction. In the first part of the thesis we analyze whether the current Bitcoin protocol scales and what the scalability limits are. We find that Bitcoin does not scale, because its synchronization mechanism, the blockchain, limits the maximum rate of transactions the network can process. In order to address the scalability problem we propose Duplex Micropayment Channels, which increase the rate at which Bitcoin transfers can be performed by several orders of magnitude, by moving the transfers off the blockchain and using the blockchain solely for dispute mediation. Another form of scalability problem is the fact that more and more blockchain based applications are being created, eachwith their own small isolated blockchain, and vulnerable to attacks. We present PeerCensus, a subsystem that acts as a certification authority, manages peer identities in a peer-to-peer network and does not store application specific data in the blockchain. Using PeerCensus, any number of applications can share a single blockchain, decoupling confirmations from block generation rate and enhancing Bitcoin and similar systems with strong consistency. Being a relatively new technology, Bitcoin has a number of new security challenges and innovative properties. We analyze these properties and challenges in the second part of the thesis. The first novel property is that the transaction history, in the form of the blockchain, is public and accessible by anyone. Making use of the open nature of the blockchain, we were able to dispell claims by MtGox, once the world's largest Bitcoin exchange, that a bug in the Bitcoin protocol was used in a large scale attack to defraud them. We then use the blockchain to build a prototype of an audit protocol that allows a fiduciary, such as a Bitcoin exchange, to demonstrate that its assets cover its liabilities, without resorting to trusted third parties. Bitcoin also shifts the responsibility of managing and securing funds from a trusted third party to the end-user, which may not have the necessary tools to protect her funds. We show how a merchant may accept fast-payments, i.e., transactions without waiting for confirmations, with reasonable security against doublespending attacks by observing how transactions propagate in the network. Finally, we present a prototype of a secure device that stores private keys in tamper resitant storage and allows the user to independently verify a payment before authorizing it.
Mathematics and Computation
Author: Avi Wigderson
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691189137
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
From the winner of the Turing Award and the Abel Prize, an introduction to computational complexity theory, its connections and interactions with mathematics, and its central role in the natural and social sciences, technology, and philosophy Mathematics and Computation provides a broad, conceptual overview of computational complexity theory—the mathematical study of efficient computation. With important practical applications to computer science and industry, computational complexity theory has evolved into a highly interdisciplinary field, with strong links to most mathematical areas and to a growing number of scientific endeavors. Avi Wigderson takes a sweeping survey of complexity theory, emphasizing the field’s insights and challenges. He explains the ideas and motivations leading to key models, notions, and results. In particular, he looks at algorithms and complexity, computations and proofs, randomness and interaction, quantum and arithmetic computation, and cryptography and learning, all as parts of a cohesive whole with numerous cross-influences. Wigderson illustrates the immense breadth of the field, its beauty and richness, and its diverse and growing interactions with other areas of mathematics. He ends with a comprehensive look at the theory of computation, its methodology and aspirations, and the unique and fundamental ways in which it has shaped and will further shape science, technology, and society. For further reading, an extensive bibliography is provided for all topics covered. Mathematics and Computation is useful for undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics, computer science, and related fields, as well as researchers and teachers in these fields. Many parts require little background, and serve as an invitation to newcomers seeking an introduction to the theory of computation. Comprehensive coverage of computational complexity theory, and beyond High-level, intuitive exposition, which brings conceptual clarity to this central and dynamic scientific discipline Historical accounts of the evolution and motivations of central concepts and models A broad view of the theory of computation's influence on science, technology, and society Extensive bibliography
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691189137
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
From the winner of the Turing Award and the Abel Prize, an introduction to computational complexity theory, its connections and interactions with mathematics, and its central role in the natural and social sciences, technology, and philosophy Mathematics and Computation provides a broad, conceptual overview of computational complexity theory—the mathematical study of efficient computation. With important practical applications to computer science and industry, computational complexity theory has evolved into a highly interdisciplinary field, with strong links to most mathematical areas and to a growing number of scientific endeavors. Avi Wigderson takes a sweeping survey of complexity theory, emphasizing the field’s insights and challenges. He explains the ideas and motivations leading to key models, notions, and results. In particular, he looks at algorithms and complexity, computations and proofs, randomness and interaction, quantum and arithmetic computation, and cryptography and learning, all as parts of a cohesive whole with numerous cross-influences. Wigderson illustrates the immense breadth of the field, its beauty and richness, and its diverse and growing interactions with other areas of mathematics. He ends with a comprehensive look at the theory of computation, its methodology and aspirations, and the unique and fundamental ways in which it has shaped and will further shape science, technology, and society. For further reading, an extensive bibliography is provided for all topics covered. Mathematics and Computation is useful for undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics, computer science, and related fields, as well as researchers and teachers in these fields. Many parts require little background, and serve as an invitation to newcomers seeking an introduction to the theory of computation. Comprehensive coverage of computational complexity theory, and beyond High-level, intuitive exposition, which brings conceptual clarity to this central and dynamic scientific discipline Historical accounts of the evolution and motivations of central concepts and models A broad view of the theory of computation's influence on science, technology, and society Extensive bibliography
Crypto-Currency. Droppin Dimes Straight Outa the Matrix. Tommorows Dollar a Digit? Wait Its a Bit of a Coin? Bitcoin. Future Change Is Crypto-Currency... . . Mining Crypto-Coin?
Author: John DOTY
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 246
Book Description
New to Crypto Currency? Then this is the book for you , you'll learn the basics of the tokens all thru to what mining is and how its done. This is the Newest Guide of Digital Currency 2021-2030. Is Litecoin a good investment 2021? According to the predictions we've gathered here, Litecoin could be a good investment for 2021. The majority of the platforms we've discussed believe that the price of LTC will be higher throughout 2021 than it is currently. However, if you're hoping to buy and sell during 2021, you'll need to keep a careful watch for periods of volatility. It could be a better strategy to hold your LTC as the price is predicted to increase in the run up to 2025. Will Litecoin ever go up? It seems highly probable that the price of Litecoin will go up throughout the next 5 years. Every prediction we've studied has forecast that LTC will increase in value at some point, with highs ranging from around $100 to a staggering $10,000! What is the LTC price prediction for 2021? By the end of 2021, LTC could be worth around $550. What will Litecoin be worth in 5 years' time? In 2025, LTC is likely to be traded near $10,000. What will be the price of Litecoin in 10 years? We predict that in 2030, Litecoin will surpass the psychological price level at $50,000.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 246
Book Description
New to Crypto Currency? Then this is the book for you , you'll learn the basics of the tokens all thru to what mining is and how its done. This is the Newest Guide of Digital Currency 2021-2030. Is Litecoin a good investment 2021? According to the predictions we've gathered here, Litecoin could be a good investment for 2021. The majority of the platforms we've discussed believe that the price of LTC will be higher throughout 2021 than it is currently. However, if you're hoping to buy and sell during 2021, you'll need to keep a careful watch for periods of volatility. It could be a better strategy to hold your LTC as the price is predicted to increase in the run up to 2025. Will Litecoin ever go up? It seems highly probable that the price of Litecoin will go up throughout the next 5 years. Every prediction we've studied has forecast that LTC will increase in value at some point, with highs ranging from around $100 to a staggering $10,000! What is the LTC price prediction for 2021? By the end of 2021, LTC could be worth around $550. What will Litecoin be worth in 5 years' time? In 2025, LTC is likely to be traded near $10,000. What will be the price of Litecoin in 10 years? We predict that in 2030, Litecoin will surpass the psychological price level at $50,000.
The Matrix in Theory
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9401201293
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
The Matrix trilogy continues to split opinions widely, polarising the downright dismissive and the wildly enthusiastic. Nevertheless, it has been fully embraced as a rich source of theoretical and cultural references. The contributions in this volume probe the effects the Matrix trilogy continues to provoke and evaluate how or to what extent they coincide with certain developments within critical and cultural theory. Is the enthusiastic philosophising and theorising spurred by the Matrix a sign of the desperate state theory is in, in the sense of “see how low theory (or ‘post-theory’) has sunk”? Or could the Matrix be one of the “master texts” for something like a renewal for theory as now being mainly concerned with new and changing relations between science, technology, posthumanist culture, art, politics, ethics and the media? The present volume is unashamedly but not dogmatically theoretical even though there is not much agreement about what kind of theory is best suited to confront “post-theoretical” times. But it is probably fair to say that there is agreement about one thing, namely that if theory appears to be “like” the Matrix today it does so because the culture around it and which “made” it itself seems to be captured in some kind of Matrix. The only way out of this is through more and renewed, refreshed theorising, not less.
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9401201293
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
The Matrix trilogy continues to split opinions widely, polarising the downright dismissive and the wildly enthusiastic. Nevertheless, it has been fully embraced as a rich source of theoretical and cultural references. The contributions in this volume probe the effects the Matrix trilogy continues to provoke and evaluate how or to what extent they coincide with certain developments within critical and cultural theory. Is the enthusiastic philosophising and theorising spurred by the Matrix a sign of the desperate state theory is in, in the sense of “see how low theory (or ‘post-theory’) has sunk”? Or could the Matrix be one of the “master texts” for something like a renewal for theory as now being mainly concerned with new and changing relations between science, technology, posthumanist culture, art, politics, ethics and the media? The present volume is unashamedly but not dogmatically theoretical even though there is not much agreement about what kind of theory is best suited to confront “post-theoretical” times. But it is probably fair to say that there is agreement about one thing, namely that if theory appears to be “like” the Matrix today it does so because the culture around it and which “made” it itself seems to be captured in some kind of Matrix. The only way out of this is through more and renewed, refreshed theorising, not less.
Progress and Poverty
Author: Henry George
Publisher: Jazzybee Verlag
ISBN: 3849657973
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 619
Book Description
This is the book that made its author Henry George suddenly famous. From the year 1879 to the present the doctrines of 'Progress and Poverty' have been familiar to all who are interested in social problems. The book has been read by many to whom Political Economy is still 'the dismal science', and it has been circulated in cheap editions by the thousand among the classes to which it holds out such an alluring prospect. 'Progress and Poverty' has become a classic in labor literature. Its doctrines have been accepted not only by many who see in them a means of personal rescue from distress and want, but by many others who are convinced by the reasoning of the author. Clergymen , in the Catholic as well as in the Protestant church, have become Mr. George's disciples, and business and professional men have gladly sat at his feet.
Publisher: Jazzybee Verlag
ISBN: 3849657973
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 619
Book Description
This is the book that made its author Henry George suddenly famous. From the year 1879 to the present the doctrines of 'Progress and Poverty' have been familiar to all who are interested in social problems. The book has been read by many to whom Political Economy is still 'the dismal science', and it has been circulated in cheap editions by the thousand among the classes to which it holds out such an alluring prospect. 'Progress and Poverty' has become a classic in labor literature. Its doctrines have been accepted not only by many who see in them a means of personal rescue from distress and want, but by many others who are convinced by the reasoning of the author. Clergymen , in the Catholic as well as in the Protestant church, have become Mr. George's disciples, and business and professional men have gladly sat at his feet.
Breaking the Unbreakable
Author: Jonathan Jogenfors
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN: 9176854604
Category :
Languages : sv
Pages : 255
Book Description
In this thesis we study device-independent quantum key distribution based on energy-time entanglement. This is a method for cryptography that promises not only perfect secrecy, but also to be a practical method for quantum key distribution thanks to the reduced complexity when compared to other quantum key distribution protocols. However, there still exist a number of loopholes that must be understood and eliminated in order to rule out eavesdroppers. We study several relevant loopholes and show how they can be used to break the security of energy-time entangled systems. Attack strategies are reviewed as well as their countermeasures, and we show how full security can be re-established. Quantum key distribution is in part based on the profound no-cloning theorem, which prevents physical states to be copied at a microscopic level. This important property of quantum mechanics can be seen as Nature's own copy-protection, and can also be used to create a currency based on quantummechanics, i.e., quantum money. Here, the traditional copy-protection mechanisms of traditional coins and banknotes can be abandoned in favor of the laws of quantum physics. Previously, quantum money assumes a traditional hierarchy where a central, trusted bank controls the economy. We show how quantum money together with a blockchain allows for Quantum Bitcoin, a novel hybrid currency that promises fast transactions, extensive scalability, and full anonymity. En viktig konsekvens av kvantmekaniken är att okända kvanttillstånd inte kan klonas. Denna insikt har gett upphov till kvantkryptering, en metod för två parter att med perfekt säkerhet kommunicera hemligheter. Ett komplett bevis för denna säkerhet har dock låtit vänta på sig eftersom en attackerare i hemlighet kan manipulera utrustningen så att den läcker information. Som ett svar på detta utvecklades apparatsoberoende kvantkryptering som i teorin är immun mot sådana attacker. Apparatsoberoende kvantkryptering har en mycket högre grad av säkerhet än vanlig kvantkryptering, men det finns fortfarande ett par luckor som en attackerare kan utnyttja. Dessa kryphål har tidigare inte tagits på allvar, men denna avhandling visar hur även små svagheter i säkerhetsmodellen läcker information till en attackerare. Vi demonstrerar en praktisk attack där attackeraren aldrig upptäcks trots att denne helt kontrollerar systemet. Vi visar också hur kryphålen kan förhindras med starkare säkerhetsbevis. En annan tillämpning av kvantmekanikens förbud mot kloning är pengar som använder detta naturens egna kopieringsskydd. Dessa kvantpengar har helt andra egenskaper än vanliga mynt, sedlar eller digitala banköverföringar. Vi visar hur man kan kombinera kvantpengar med en blockkedja, och man får då man en slags "kvant-Bitcoin". Detta nya betalningsmedel har fördelar över alla andra betalsystem, men nackdelen är att det krävs en kvantdator.
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN: 9176854604
Category :
Languages : sv
Pages : 255
Book Description
In this thesis we study device-independent quantum key distribution based on energy-time entanglement. This is a method for cryptography that promises not only perfect secrecy, but also to be a practical method for quantum key distribution thanks to the reduced complexity when compared to other quantum key distribution protocols. However, there still exist a number of loopholes that must be understood and eliminated in order to rule out eavesdroppers. We study several relevant loopholes and show how they can be used to break the security of energy-time entangled systems. Attack strategies are reviewed as well as their countermeasures, and we show how full security can be re-established. Quantum key distribution is in part based on the profound no-cloning theorem, which prevents physical states to be copied at a microscopic level. This important property of quantum mechanics can be seen as Nature's own copy-protection, and can also be used to create a currency based on quantummechanics, i.e., quantum money. Here, the traditional copy-protection mechanisms of traditional coins and banknotes can be abandoned in favor of the laws of quantum physics. Previously, quantum money assumes a traditional hierarchy where a central, trusted bank controls the economy. We show how quantum money together with a blockchain allows for Quantum Bitcoin, a novel hybrid currency that promises fast transactions, extensive scalability, and full anonymity. En viktig konsekvens av kvantmekaniken är att okända kvanttillstånd inte kan klonas. Denna insikt har gett upphov till kvantkryptering, en metod för två parter att med perfekt säkerhet kommunicera hemligheter. Ett komplett bevis för denna säkerhet har dock låtit vänta på sig eftersom en attackerare i hemlighet kan manipulera utrustningen så att den läcker information. Som ett svar på detta utvecklades apparatsoberoende kvantkryptering som i teorin är immun mot sådana attacker. Apparatsoberoende kvantkryptering har en mycket högre grad av säkerhet än vanlig kvantkryptering, men det finns fortfarande ett par luckor som en attackerare kan utnyttja. Dessa kryphål har tidigare inte tagits på allvar, men denna avhandling visar hur även små svagheter i säkerhetsmodellen läcker information till en attackerare. Vi demonstrerar en praktisk attack där attackeraren aldrig upptäcks trots att denne helt kontrollerar systemet. Vi visar också hur kryphålen kan förhindras med starkare säkerhetsbevis. En annan tillämpning av kvantmekanikens förbud mot kloning är pengar som använder detta naturens egna kopieringsskydd. Dessa kvantpengar har helt andra egenskaper än vanliga mynt, sedlar eller digitala banköverföringar. Vi visar hur man kan kombinera kvantpengar med en blockkedja, och man får då man en slags "kvant-Bitcoin". Detta nya betalningsmedel har fördelar över alla andra betalsystem, men nackdelen är att det krävs en kvantdator.
Interpretable Machine Learning
Author: Christoph Molnar
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0244768528
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0244768528
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.
Game Theory, Alive
Author: Anna R. Karlin
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 1470419823
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 400
Book Description
We live in a highly connected world with multiple self-interested agents interacting and myriad opportunities for conflict and cooperation. The goal of game theory is to understand these opportunities. This book presents a rigorous introduction to the mathematics of game theory without losing sight of the joy of the subject. This is done by focusing on theoretical highlights (e.g., at least six Nobel Prize winning results are developed from scratch) and by presenting exciting connections of game theory to other fields such as computer science (algorithmic game theory), economics (auctions and matching markets), social choice (voting theory), biology (signaling and evolutionary stability), and learning theory. Both classical topics, such as zero-sum games, and modern topics, such as sponsored search auctions, are covered. Along the way, beautiful mathematical tools used in game theory are introduced, including convexity, fixed-point theorems, and probabilistic arguments. The book is appropriate for a first course in game theory at either the undergraduate or graduate level, whether in mathematics, economics, computer science, or statistics. The importance of game-theoretic thinking transcends the academic setting—for every action we take, we must consider not only its direct effects, but also how it influences the incentives of others.
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 1470419823
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 400
Book Description
We live in a highly connected world with multiple self-interested agents interacting and myriad opportunities for conflict and cooperation. The goal of game theory is to understand these opportunities. This book presents a rigorous introduction to the mathematics of game theory without losing sight of the joy of the subject. This is done by focusing on theoretical highlights (e.g., at least six Nobel Prize winning results are developed from scratch) and by presenting exciting connections of game theory to other fields such as computer science (algorithmic game theory), economics (auctions and matching markets), social choice (voting theory), biology (signaling and evolutionary stability), and learning theory. Both classical topics, such as zero-sum games, and modern topics, such as sponsored search auctions, are covered. Along the way, beautiful mathematical tools used in game theory are introduced, including convexity, fixed-point theorems, and probabilistic arguments. The book is appropriate for a first course in game theory at either the undergraduate or graduate level, whether in mathematics, economics, computer science, or statistics. The importance of game-theoretic thinking transcends the academic setting—for every action we take, we must consider not only its direct effects, but also how it influences the incentives of others.