A Technique for Cryopumping Hydrogen PDF Download
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Author: Jack Grobman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Experimental tests performed in vacuo indicated that a chemical adsorption reaction can be used to facilitate the cryopumping of H with liquidN-cooled condensers. Cryopumping is accomplished by reacting H with O to form H2O, which will readily condense on a liquid-N-cooled surface. The reaction in vacuo was performed on a solid catalyst, which consisted of a bed of Pd-coated alumina pellets. Cryopumping was observed at pressures as low as about 0.4 micron of mercury. A laboratory cryopump consisting of 5.8 lb of catalyst and a liquid-N-cooled condenser achieved a pumping speed of about 570 l/sec at 1.0 micron of Hg. A laboratory model of a cryopump which could be used in an electric rocket test facility was studied. The experimental data obtained were used to estimate the size of the catalyst bed necessary to test a 50-kw electric thermal rocket with an H propellant flow rate of 0.00063 kg/sec (a pumping speed of 580,000 l/sec at an operating pressure of 10 microns of Hg. (Author).
Author: Jack Grobman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Experimental tests performed in vacuo indicated that a chemical adsorption reaction can be used to facilitate the cryopumping of H with liquidN-cooled condensers. Cryopumping is accomplished by reacting H with O to form H2O, which will readily condense on a liquid-N-cooled surface. The reaction in vacuo was performed on a solid catalyst, which consisted of a bed of Pd-coated alumina pellets. Cryopumping was observed at pressures as low as about 0.4 micron of mercury. A laboratory cryopump consisting of 5.8 lb of catalyst and a liquid-N-cooled condenser achieved a pumping speed of about 570 l/sec at 1.0 micron of Hg. A laboratory model of a cryopump which could be used in an electric rocket test facility was studied. The experimental data obtained were used to estimate the size of the catalyst bed necessary to test a 50-kw electric thermal rocket with an H propellant flow rate of 0.00063 kg/sec (a pumping speed of 580,000 l/sec at an operating pressure of 10 microns of Hg. (Author).
Author: René A. Haefer
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Low temperature engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
This book covers the physical theory, practical techniques, and applications of cryopumping--the production of a vacuum through the use of low temperatures. The importance of this technique has increased greatly in recent years due to the proliferation of new uses and the demand in many vacuum procedures for ultraclean gas atmospheres, low final pressures, and high specific pumping speeds. The author reviews recent developments that have resulted in safer pumps that allow full automation and that are superior to conventional pumps in installation and operation costs.
Author: Carlisle B. Barnes (Jr.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Liquefied gases
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Three arrangements of surfaces cooled to 21.5 K were investigated theoretically and tested to determine condensing rates and resultant vacuum pumping performance of the arrays at pressures of 1/1000 to 10 to the -8 mm Hg. These are identified as unshielded, flat shielded, and angled fin arrays. Theoretical performance and experimental performances were correlated. Measurement of vacua below 1/10,000 mm Hg. were shown to be of uncertain accuracy.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Patents
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 926
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Book Description
Author: K. W. Rogers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nitrogen
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Insulating materials
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
Author: K.D. Timmerhaus
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 147570531X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 591
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Book Description
The 1961 Cryogenic Engineering Conference Committee is pleased to present the papers of the 1961 Cryogenic Engineering Conference. We are grateful to have had the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Michigan as our host for the seventh annual meeting of this group. The Conference Committee in presenting the papers oftbis Conference takes this opportunity to acknowledge the assistance of an Editorial Committee in the selection of papers for the program. Since over one hundred and twenty papers were submitted, their task of screening and evaluating the papers was a dif ficult one. The Committee guided by G. j. V an Wylen, who also served as chair man of the Conference Committee, included R. W. Arnett, B. W. Birmingham, D. B. Chelton, R. j. Corruccini, C. j. Guntner, M. j. Hiza, R. B. jacobs, A. J. Kidnay, R. H. Kropschot, j. Macinko, D. B. Mann, R. P. Mikesell, R. L. Powell, J. R. Purcell, R. P. Reed, R. j. Richards, A. F. Schmidt, R. B. Stewart, and K. A. Warren.
Author: John F. O'Hanlon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471270522
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 538
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Book Description
In the decade and a half since the publication of the Second Edition of A User?s Guide to Vacuum Technology there have been many important advances in the field, including spinning rotor gauges, dry mechanical pumps, magnetically levitated turbo pumps, and ultraclean system designs. These, along with improved cleaning and assembly techniques have made contamination-free manufacturing a reality. Designed to bridge the gap in both knowledge and training between designers and end users of vacuum equipment, the Third Edition offers a practical perspective on today?s vacuum technology. With a focus on the operation, understanding, and selection of equipment for industrial processes used in semiconductor, optics, packaging, and related coating technologies, A User?s Guide to Vacuum Technology, Third Edition provides a detailed treatment of this important field. While emphasizing the fundamentals and touching on significant topics not adequately covered elsewhere, the text avoids topics not relevant to the typical user.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 816
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Book Description
