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Author: Ricardo P. C. Leal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 77
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Book Description
We construct a corporate governance practices index (CGI) from a set of 24 questions that can be objectively answered from publicly available information. Our goal was to measure the overall quality of corporate governance practices of the largest possible number of firms without the biases and low response ratios typical of qualitative surveys. CGI levels have improved over time in Brazil. CGI components demonstrate that Brazilian firms perform much better in disclosure than in other aspects of corporate governance. We find very high concentration levels of voting rights leveraged by the widespread use of indirect control structures and non-voting shares. Control has concentrated between 1998 and 2002. We do not find evidence for either entrenchment or incentives in Brazil using ownership percentages but find that the separation of control from cash flow rights destroys value. The CGI maintains a positive, significant, and robust relationship with corporate value. A worst-to-best improvement in the CGI in 2002 would lead to a .38 increase in Tobin's q. This represents a 95% rise in the stock value of a company with the average leverage and Tobin's q ratios. Considering our lowest CGI coefficient, a one point increase in the CGI score would lead to a 6.8% rise in the stock price of the average firm in 2002. We found no significant relationship between governance and the dividend payout but there are indications that dividend payments are greater when control and cash flow rights concentration are greater. We place our results in context by offering a comparative analysis with Chile. We would offer a sound quot;yesquot; if asked whether good corporate governance practices increase corporate value in Brazil.
Author: Ricardo P. C. Leal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 77
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Book Description
We construct a corporate governance practices index (CGI) from a set of 24 questions that can be objectively answered from publicly available information. Our goal was to measure the overall quality of corporate governance practices of the largest possible number of firms without the biases and low response ratios typical of qualitative surveys. CGI levels have improved over time in Brazil. CGI components demonstrate that Brazilian firms perform much better in disclosure than in other aspects of corporate governance. We find very high concentration levels of voting rights leveraged by the widespread use of indirect control structures and non-voting shares. Control has concentrated between 1998 and 2002. We do not find evidence for either entrenchment or incentives in Brazil using ownership percentages but find that the separation of control from cash flow rights destroys value. The CGI maintains a positive, significant, and robust relationship with corporate value. A worst-to-best improvement in the CGI in 2002 would lead to a .38 increase in Tobin's q. This represents a 95% rise in the stock value of a company with the average leverage and Tobin's q ratios. Considering our lowest CGI coefficient, a one point increase in the CGI score would lead to a 6.8% rise in the stock price of the average firm in 2002. We found no significant relationship between governance and the dividend payout but there are indications that dividend payments are greater when control and cash flow rights concentration are greater. We place our results in context by offering a comparative analysis with Chile. We would offer a sound quot;yesquot; if asked whether good corporate governance practices increase corporate value in Brazil.
Author: OECD Development Centre
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264106596
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
Corporate governance matters for national development. These studies of Brazil, Chile, India, and South Africa show that corporate governance is important in helping both to increase financial capital to firms in developing countries and to enhance financial development as a whole.
Author: Alberto Chong
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821369148
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 584
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Book Description
'Investor Protection and Corporate Governance' analyzes the impact of corporate governance on firm performance and valuation. Using unique datasets gathered at the firm-level the first such data in the region and results from a homogeneous corporate governance questionnaire, the book examines corporate governance characteristics, ownership structures, dividend policies, and performance measures. The book's analysis reveals the very high levels of ownership and voting rights concentrations and monolithic governance structures in the largest samples of Latin American companies up to now, and new data emphasize the importance of specific characteristics of the investor protection regimes in several Latin American countries. By and large, those firms with better governance measures across several dimensions are granted higher valuations and thus lower cost of capital. This title will be useful to researchers, policy makers, government officials, and other professionals involved in corporate governance, economic policy, and business finance, law, and management.
Author: Charles P. Oman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789264153080
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Ruth V. Aguilera
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This paper analyzes corporate governance systems in five Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Venezuela. We account for the broader institutional environment in explaining changes over time as well as existing corporate governance systems. We use a stakeholder definition of corporate governance that includes examining insiders such as owners and boards of directors as well as outsiders such as employees. This corporate governance perspective allows for a systematic cross-national comparison.
Author: Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Related Party Transactions (RPTs) are operations with high potential for conflict of interests between shareholders and managers or between controlling and minority shareholders. In environments characterized by concentrated ownership structures, such as in Brazilian, such transactions could be used as a way for reaping private benefits of control by controlling shareholders. This paper undertakes this issue from both legal and empirical point of view. On the legal side, we survey the legal strategies currently employed in Brazil by regulators and self-regulatory bodies aiming at to avoid the problems from the inherently conflict of interests present in such dealings. On the empirical side, we analyze the RPTs reported by all Brazilian companies listed at Bovespa's corporate governance special listing segments in 2006. We also analyze the relation between the use of RPTs and proxies for corporate governance quality, as well as the relation between RPTs and firm market value. As the main qualitative result from our legal survey, we observe that Brazilian legal system makes use of two main legal strategies: definition of expected standards with ex-post analysis, and mandatory disclosure of relevant RPTs. From our quantitative analyses, three results stand out: RPTs are significant and frequent among Brazilian listed companies, there's a negative association between the use of RPTs and corporate governance quality, and there's a negative association between RPTs and firm market value. Overall, the empirical results provide evidence that RPTs are a signal for conflicts of interests taking place, rather than efficient business transactions.
Author: Pablo Rogers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
The literature indicates that, mainly in countries with high stock concentration, the ownership structure is an important internal mechanism of control of the corporate governance, with effects in the companies' value and performance. In Brazil, the existing relationship among corporate governance - ownership structure - performance is still not conclusive. The present study investigates if there is any relationship among ownership structure, financial performance and value in the Brazilian non-financial public companies with stocks negotiated in the Satilde;o Paulo Stock Exchange, between the period of 1997 to 2001, as well as the determinant of the level of concentration of the ownership in these companies. In the empiric investigation it was used a multiple regression analysis through the estimators of the Ordinary Least Squares with heteroscedasticity in accordance with White (1980). Concerning the used methodology, the results indicate that the variables of ownership structure as defined do not have influence on the financial performance and value of the companies. Remaining to the determinant of the ownership structure of the Brazilian non-financial public companies, the results indicate that the ownership structure can be explained by the size of the firm, market instability and regulation, being the latter the main determinant of the ownership structure.
Author: Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
This paper investigates the influence of corporate governance quality on market value of 154 Brazilian listed companies in 2002. In order to obtain a proxy for corporate governance quality, a broad governance index was built. The investigation was carried out by different econometric approaches in increasing order of complexity, including multiple regressions by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), instrumental variables approach and systems of simultaneous equations. The results obtained in all econometric approaches show a positive and significant influence of corporate governance quality on firm's market value. OLS results with market value variables Tobin's Q and PBV multiple suggest that, ceteris paribus, a worst-to-best change in governance quality would result in a market capitalization increase of around 85% and 100%, respectively. The paper also finds evidence of corporate governance variable endogeneity and proposes different instruments for estimation by instrumental variables approach. Moreover, results by simultaneous equation approach indicate a relation of reverse causality between corporate governance quality and firm valuation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : pt-BR
Pages :
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Book Description
A separação entre propriedade e controle abre espaço paraimportante assimetria de informação e, consequentemente, surge o problema de risco moral associado à perspectiva de expropriação dos investidores (outsiders ou principais) pelos controladores e executivos da empresa (insiders ou agentes). O objetivo desta tese é, por meio de umaanálise qualitativa, ilustrar em que medida os Fundos de Pensão, enquanto importantes investidores institucionais no Brasil, são capazes de mitigar o chamado risco de agência incentivando as chamadas boas práticas de Governança Corporativa e agregando valor nas empresas que compõem seus portfólios.
Author: Eduardo Schiehll
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781606497562
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
Firm-level corporate governance practices vary widely according to country-level factors. Understanding national institutions and the interrelationships among economic players is therefore fundamental to assessing firm-level corporate governance outcomes. More importantly, these governance enforcements have been driven not only by the globalization of markets, but also by internal economic and political forces, resulting in a very particular governance system. The main goal of this book is to describe these particularities and examine the main features that have shaped Brazil's corporate governance system. In the first part, the book will present Brazil's legal system, with a focus on how its corporate law, which differs from that of the U.S. and most European countries, has influenced shareholder rights, ownership concentration, and management accountability in Brazilian listed companies. This is followed by a historical overview of the most important corporate governance landmarks in Brazil, in which the most influential institutions responsible for promoting sound governance in Brazil are identified. Special attention will be paid to private and public initiatives that have embraced governance best practices of developed markets, such as the Sao Paulo stock exchange's (BOVESPA) premium segment, with voluntary governance standards. The second part will appraise into specific firm-level governance features of Brazilian companies. Ownership structures of Brazilian listed companies will be examined, including the roles of the state, family, and large institutional shareholders. Data on ownership structures of Brazilian companies will also be presented to illustrate recent changes and the decline of ownership concentration. Moreover, like ownership structure, the role and composition of boards of directors of Brazilian companies have evolved. Therefore, board structure and the meaning of board independence will be explored in the Brazilian context. Public disclosure of financial information and executive compensation are also salient governance features that have undergone significant enforcement in Brazil in the last decade. The final chapter will consider these improvements and discuss the role of public disclosure in the governance of Brazilian listed companies.
