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Author: Mazen M. Sinjab
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319397753
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
This book provides comprehensive coverage of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL), a major management modality for keratoconus and ectatic corneal disorders. All aspects are covered, including refractive and non-refractive surgery indications, models of application, safety, efficacy, performance, outcome measures, evidence of CXL, complications, contraindications, use in children, and controversies. The discussion reflects the considerable progress that has been made in understanding of the modality since its development in the late 1990s. Detailed attention is paid to new concepts, changing surgical techniques and indications, the latest evidence-based science and research, and the future of CXL. Guidance is also provided on the use of CXL in combination with other modalities, such as LASIK, PRK, intracorneal ring implantation and others. The text is accompanied by numerous high-quality color illustrations. Corneal Collagen Cross Linking will provide the reader with a sound grasp of the technique and its use and will hopefully also serve as a stimulus to further research and advances.
Author: Mazen M. Sinjab
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319397753
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book provides comprehensive coverage of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL), a major management modality for keratoconus and ectatic corneal disorders. All aspects are covered, including refractive and non-refractive surgery indications, models of application, safety, efficacy, performance, outcome measures, evidence of CXL, complications, contraindications, use in children, and controversies. The discussion reflects the considerable progress that has been made in understanding of the modality since its development in the late 1990s. Detailed attention is paid to new concepts, changing surgical techniques and indications, the latest evidence-based science and research, and the future of CXL. Guidance is also provided on the use of CXL in combination with other modalities, such as LASIK, PRK, intracorneal ring implantation and others. The text is accompanied by numerous high-quality color illustrations. Corneal Collagen Cross Linking will provide the reader with a sound grasp of the technique and its use and will hopefully also serve as a stimulus to further research and advances.
Author: Ashraf Armia
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030845060
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 253
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Book Description
This book provides a practical guide to the most recent advances in the diagnostic management of corneal ectasia. Clear, concise chapters address new standardized nomograms of treatment of early progressive ectasia, new epithelium on future crosslinking with and without oxygen supplement, customized protocols, laser assisted corneal regularization protocols and the new femtolaser assisted lamellar corneal transplant. Clinicians and surgeons seeking a go-to guide on the topic of corneal ectasia will find this book to be an essential resource for the latest developments and predicted future trends in the field.
Author: Adel Barbara
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319980317
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 397
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Book Description
This book presents new technologies which are available now for the rehabilitation of visual acuity in patients suffering from keratoconusand for arresting the progression of this frustrating disease. All these current treatment options in differing combinations aim to improve the quality of life of the patients and although successful, they are causing confusion for the ophthalmologists; what procedure to do and when? How to perform? Which combination of treatments to choose? Controversies in the Management of Keratoconusprovidesthe widely used treatment options for keratoconus including collagen corneal cross –linking (CXL) covering all the available techniques, intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) , phakic intra-ocular lenses (IOLs), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) combined or not with CXL penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty ( DALK). Each treatment is addressed by more than one author with different points of view in order to present the various approaches, the logic behind them and the most relevant clinical data available.A chapter by the editor tries to put some light on how to navigate among these controversies. This book will be of interest to trainees as well as the specialized ophthalmologists.
Author: Farhad Hafezi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1040143636
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 297
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Book Description
Corneal Cross-Linking, Second Edition represents an innovative approach to treating primary acquired and secondary induced ectatic disorders. In addition, corneal cross-linking (CXL) has promising applications as an alternative in the treatment of corneal infectious and non-infectious melting, as well as conditions such as Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy. The new and expanded Second Edition of Corneal Cross-Linking by Drs. Farhad Hafezi and J. Bradley Randleman will provide a concise yet comprehensive summary of the CXL process, including the basic science foundations, treatment protocols and outcomes, recognition and management of potential complications, and modification of standard protocol for special circumstances. Given all the changes in this rapidly progressing field, many brief topics from the first edition have now grown into full chapters or sections. These include expanded sections on alternative treatment protocols, corneal imaging and biomechanics, combing cross-linking with other refractive treatments, and a section devoted specifically to the most highly debated controversies in the field today. With each chapter being fully updated plus including over twenty new chapters that covers the latest advances and future directions, Corneal Cross-Linking, Second Edition represents the cutting-edge of CXL research and clinical practice. “Since the publication of the first edition of this book in 2013, our knowledge of corneal cross-linking has again significantly increased, both scientifically and clinically. Today, concise recommendations (guidelines for cross-linking) help the clinician to select the patients, make decisions, and provide optimal treatment” -Eberhard Spoerl, PhD and Theo Seiler, MD, PhD
Author: C.J. Roberts
Publisher: Kugler Publications
ISBN: 9062998763
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
While lecturing in recent months at a number of prominent institutions, I asked some of the residents and fellows whether and how they might benefit from a book on corneal biomechanics. The typical response was the look of a deer caught in the headlights as they tried to intuit the “appropriate” answer, but had little understanding or insight as to why this would be an important and useful knowledge base for them now, or in the future. I then posed the question differently. “Would a book that explained corneal biomechanical principles and testing devices and their application in detecting eyes at risk for developing keratoconus and post-LASIK ectasia, understanding the biomechanical impact of specific types of keratorefractive surgery and riboflavin UV-A corneal collagen cross-linking, and the impact of corneal biomechanics on the fidelity of intraocular pressure measurement and risk for glaucoma progression be of interest?” Framed in this context, the answer I got was a resounding, “Yes!” Therein lies a fundamental disconnect that highlights both the opportunity and need to educate all ophthalmologists about this nascent field. This comprehensive book is strengthened by the breadth of contributions from leading experts around the world and provides an important resource for ophthalmologists at all levels of training and experience. It gives a panoramic snapshot of our understanding of corneal biomechanics today, bridging the gap between theoretical principles, testing devices that are commercially available and in development as well as current and potential future clinical applications. While there has been a long-held appreciation that all types of keratorefractive surgery have an impact and interdependence on corneal biomechanics and wound healing, the initial finite element analyses that were applied to understand radial keratotomy were limited by incorrect assumptions that the cornea was a linear, elastic, homogenous, isotropic material.1 With the advent of excimer laser vision correction, critical observations indicated that Munnerlyn’s theoretic ablation profiles did not account for either lower or higher order (e.g. spherical aberration) refractive outcomes,2 suggesting that there were important components missing from the equation—e.g., corneal biomechanics and wound healing. In a seminal editorial, Roberts3 pointed out that the cornea is not a piece of plastic, but rather a material with viscoelastic qualities. Since that time, much has been learned about spatial and depth- related patterns of collagen orientation and interweaving, as well as the biomechanical response to different keratorefractive surgeries that sever tension-bearing lamellae, as the cornea responds to and redistributes stress induced by IOP, hydration, eye rubbing, blinking and extraocular muscle forces.3-6 The first reports of post-LASIK ectasia7 highlighted the need to identify a biomechanical signature of early keratoconus as well as corneas at high risk of developing ectasia irrespective of their current topography or tomography. The introduction of two instruments into clinical use—the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) and the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST)—that allow measurement of various biomechanical metrics further catapulted the field. The availability of these instruments in routine clinical settings allowed the systematic study of the effect of age, collagen disorders, collagen cross-linking, corneal rings, flaps of various depths, contour, sidecut angulation, pockets, and flockets, just to name of few. Future application of biomechanics to the sclera may improve our understanding of the development and prevention of myopia, as well as scleral surgeries and treatments under development for presbyopia. It was appreciated by Goldmann and Schmidt that corneal thickness and curvature would influence the measurement of applanation tonometry. The recent ability to measure some corneal biomechanical metrics have led to IOP measurement that may be more immune both to their influence and the impact of central corneal thickness (CCT). Certain chapters in this book explain how a thin cornea could be stiffer than a thick one and that stiffness is also impacted by IOP, thereby precluding simplistic attempts to adjust IOP measurements using nomograms based upon CCT alone. Also highlighted is how corneal hysteresis, the ability of the cornea to absorb and dissipate energy during the bidirectional applanation response to a linear Gaussian air puff, appears to be an independent risk factor for glaucoma progression and rate of progression.9,10 This comprehensive book starts out with a section devoted to outlining basic biomechanical principles and theories, teaching us the language of what Dupps11 has referred to as “mechanospeak”, thus providing a context and common vocabulary to better comprehend the following chapters. By first defining basic concepts such as stress-strain relationships and creep, this theoretical basis is later applied to explain the pathogenesis of corneal diseases, e.g., explaining how a focal abnormality in corneal biomechanical properties precipitates a cycle of decompensation and localized thinning and steepening, clinically expressed as ectasia progression. These early chapters further detail biomechanical differences between in-vivo and ex-vivo testing, between human and animal corneas and sclera, and between methods of testing. The second section provides a thorough description of two FDA-approved devices to measure corneal biomechanics in the clinic (i.e., the ORA and the Corvis ST), as well as an overview of potential future technologies, including OCT with air puff stimulus, ocular pulse elastography, and Brilloiun microscopy. The third and final section of the book is a thorough treatise on how to interpret the metrics derived from the waveform provided by available clinical devices; their adjunct use in ectasia risk screening; the comparative biomechanical impact of various keratorefractive surgeries and corneal procedures such as PRK, LASIK, SMILE, and corneal collagen cross-linking; the impact of corneal biomechanics on IOP measurement; and potential biomechanical markers of enhanced susceptibility to glaucoma progression. This compendium of our current knowledge of corneal biomechanics, its measurement and application, provides a strong foundation to more fully understand advances in keratorefractive and corneal surgery, diseases, and treatments, all of which are interdependent on and influence inherent corneal biomechanical properties and behavior. Both the robust aspects and limitations of our current understanding are presented, including the challenge of creating accurate and predictive finite element models that incorporate the impact of IOP, corneal thickness, geometry, and scleral properties on corneal biomechanics. This book provides a key allowing clinical ophthalmologists and researchers to grasp the basics and nuances of this exciting field and to shape it as it evolves in the future.
Author: Janet Marsden
Publisher: M&K Update Ltd
ISBN: 1910451541
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 907
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Book Description
Written by an international team of ophthalmic practitioners, this authoritative book is a vital resource not only for ophthalmic professionals, but for any healthcare professional who cares for patients with eye problems. In the ten years since the first edition was published, practice has moved on, as has the evidence for practice. This second edition draws on the passion and goodwill of the original team of authors, complemented by other colleagues, to fully revise and update the text in line with new findings, new practice and new and exciting treatments. The book is broadly divided into three sections. The first section considers the structure and function of the eye, as well as the basic principles of ophthalmology and eye examination. The second section considers patient care in diverse settings, as well as work-related issues and patient education. It also includes two entirely new chapters on eye banking and global eye health. The third section takes a systematic approach to patient care, working from the front to the back of the eye, discussing some of the common disorders affecting each structure (such as the lens or cornea) or group of structures (such as the eyelids or lacrimal drainage system). The book concludes with a very useful glossary of ophthalmic terms. Some aspects of practice discussed in the text are, of necessity, UK based, but these are clearly indicated and, wherever possible, principles (rather than specifics) are addressed and readers are directed to local policies and interpretations. The first edition of this book became a core text for ophthalmic nursing, in particular, and for the education of ophthalmic nurses across the world. This new edition will provide a comprehensive, up-to-date, evidence-based resource for all ophthalmic healthcare professionals. Contents include: • Physiology of vision • Optics • Pharmacology • Examination of the eye • Visual impairment • Patient education • Work and the eye • Care of the adult ophthalmic patient in an inpatient setting • The care of the child undergoing ophthalmic treatment • Developments in day care surgery for ophthalmic patients • Ophthalmic theatre nursing • The care of patients presenting with acute problems • Eye banking • Global eye health • The eyelids and lacrimal drainage system • The conjunctiva • The cornea • The sclera • The lens • The uveal tract • The angle and aqueous • The retina and vitreous • The orbit and extraocular muscles • Visual and pupillary pathways and neuro-ophthalmology • The eye and systemic disease
Author: César Carriazo
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030661431
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 145
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Book Description
This book updates the reader about the latest bio-mechanical concepts underlying keratoconus diagnosis and the various treatment alternatives: from conventional alternatives with a real cost/benefit description, to some innovative alternatives that have come to the fore in recent years. It discusses the latest software and technology utilized in keratoconus diagnosis as well as the more innovative surgical techniques used to treat keratoconus. New Frontiers for the Treatment of Keratoconus represents an essential book for ophthalmologists and specialists in cornea and refractive surgery who are looking to position themselves at the forefront of the diagnosis and treatment of keratoconus.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Keratoconus (KC) is a degenerative disorder of the eye in which cornea becomes progressively thinner and bows outward into a more conical shape than its normal gradual curve. KC affects approximately 0.05% of the global population. Patients with KC often experience eye irritation, headaches, light halos, light sensitivity, worsening myopia, and impaired quality of life. KC is usually diagnosed in the adolescent period. Various treatment options for KC include simple correction with glasses, soft or rigid gas permeable contact lenses, surgical implantation of intrastromal corneal ring segments (Intacs), and corneal transplant. In addition, corneal-crosslinking with riboflavin and ultraviolet A (CXL) is increasingly considered as a method for managing KC. The treatment objective for CXL is to stabilize the underlying disease process by strengthening the stromal collagen network in order to delay or defer the need for corneal transplant. In the process of CXL, riboflavin (vitamin B2) works as a photo-mediator to increase the absorption of ultraviolet A light into the corneal stroma. The ultraviolet A (UVA: 370 nm) light increases the degree of molecular bonds of the extracellular matrix of the cornea. Therefore, CXL slows or even stops the progression of KC by increasing the strength and rigidity of the cornea. CXL can be performed with or without removing corneal epithelium. Common reported side-effects of CXL are blurry vision, lacrimation and the sensation of a foreign body for approximately 24 to 48 hours. Serious side effects include corneal haze and keratitis. CXL is only indicated for patients with corneas greater than 400 mcm thick. Corneal cross-linking with riboflavin -- UVA for keratoconus has been increasingly used in some Canadian jurisdictions. However it is currently not covered by any Canadian jurisdiction. Demand for CXL as the standard of care for keratoconus is increasing in some Canadian jurisdictions, although the long-term effectiveness and CXL's impact on the need for corneal transplant is unk.
Author: Kathryn Colby
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303025335X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
The field of cornea has seen tremendous advances over the last 40 years—this uniquely comprehensive book will discuss the history of these advances, current best practices in important diseases of the cornea and ocular surface, and examine future directions in diagnosis and management. Written by leading experts, many of whom trained under Claes Henrik Dohlman, MD, PhD, whose influence and many invaluable contributions have defined and shaped the field of cornea, each chapter will reflect the state of the art in the various aspects of cornea. Foundations of Corneal Disease: Past, Present, and Future contains six different sections, opening with an introduction which delves into the evolution of subspecialty training in cornea, and provides a historical perspective of our understanding of ocular surface disease. Section Two addresses perspectives on important corneal and external diseases including infectious keratitis, dry eye, and herpes simplex. Section Three and Section Four address surgery and surgical alternatives, and frontiers in corneal research. Section Six closes this book with a discussion of special topics: imaging the cornea, corneal blindness, eye banking, and clinical trials in dry eye, and explores future directions in this fast-paced field. Foundations of Corneal Disease: Past, Present, and Future contains is an ideal guide for corneal specialists, ophthalmology residents and fellows planning to enter cornea, corneal scientists, and to those in ophthalmology and visual science interested in a comprehensive resource on cornea and the history of this field.
Author: Paolo Vinciguerra
Publisher: SLACK Incorporated
ISBN: 9781556427138
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
With surface treatments gaining in popularity, a book that addresses in-depth analysis of the latest advancements is essential. This title offers step-by-step information on everything from the patient selection process to performing the procedures to patient management.
