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Author: Eduardo J Gomez
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1783265167
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
Despite their similar political and economic structures, Brazil and the United States have contrasting relationships with the international community as well as different policy approaches to the prevention and treatment of epidemics. In this regard, an interesting empirical puzzle arises: how and why was Brazil able to outpace the United States in its health policy response to epidemics?The aim of this book is to introduce a new, comparative area of scholarly research, combining for the first time international relations and domestic institutional theory to examine the United States and Brazil's health policy systems and their respective responses to epidemics. Conclusions are drawn from an in-depth examination of the actions taken and policies made with regard to tuberculosis, polio and HIV/AIDS epidemics in the two countries. Finally, the questions of what emerging BRICS nations can learn from the case of Brazil and to what extent they can adopt Brazil's innovative institutional and policy response to epidemics is considered, with a look to the future of global health diplomacy.This is the first book of its kind to compare the United States and Brazil in such a way, as well as the first to consider what other emerging BRICS countries can learn from Brazil. This fascinating comparison is a must-read for health policy and medical practitioners, academic scholars and students, and the general public with an interest in the international and domestic political conditions leading to policy adoption and implementation.
Author: Eduardo J Gomez
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1783265167
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 338
Get Book Here
Book Description
Despite their similar political and economic structures, Brazil and the United States have contrasting relationships with the international community as well as different policy approaches to the prevention and treatment of epidemics. In this regard, an interesting empirical puzzle arises: how and why was Brazil able to outpace the United States in its health policy response to epidemics?The aim of this book is to introduce a new, comparative area of scholarly research, combining for the first time international relations and domestic institutional theory to examine the United States and Brazil's health policy systems and their respective responses to epidemics. Conclusions are drawn from an in-depth examination of the actions taken and policies made with regard to tuberculosis, polio and HIV/AIDS epidemics in the two countries. Finally, the questions of what emerging BRICS nations can learn from the case of Brazil and to what extent they can adopt Brazil's innovative institutional and policy response to epidemics is considered, with a look to the future of global health diplomacy.This is the first book of its kind to compare the United States and Brazil in such a way, as well as the first to consider what other emerging BRICS countries can learn from Brazil. This fascinating comparison is a must-read for health policy and medical practitioners, academic scholars and students, and the general public with an interest in the international and domestic political conditions leading to policy adoption and implementation.
Author: Eduardo J. Gómez
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781783265145
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 327
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Book Description
Despite their similar political and economic structures, Brazil and the United States have contrasting relationships with the international community as well as different policy approaches to the prevention and treatment of epidemics. In this regard, an interesting empirical puzzle arises: how and why Brazil was able to outpace the United States in its health policy response to epidemics? The aim of this book is to introduce academic and non-academic audiences to a new, comparative area of scholarly research, combining for the first time international relations and domestic institutional theory to examine the United States and Brazil's health policy systems and their respective responses to epidemics. Conclusions are drawn from an in-depth examination of the actions taken and policies made with regard to tuberculosis, polio and HIV/AIDS epidemics in the two countries. Finally, the questions of what emerging BRICS nations can learn from the successful case of Brazil and to what extent they can adopt Brazil's innovative institutional and policy response to epidemics is considered, with a look to the future of global health diplomacy.This is the first book of its kind to compare the United States and Brazil in such a way, as well as the first to consider what other emerging BRICS countries can learn from Brazil. This fascinating comparison is a must-read for health policy and medical practitioners, academic scholars and students, and the general public with an interest in the international and domestic political conditions leading to policy adoption and implementation.
Author: Phil Brown
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520950429
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
The politics and science of health and disease remain contested terrain among scientists, health practitioners, policy makers, industry, communities, and the public. Stakeholders in disputes about illnesses or conditions disagree over their fundamental causes as well as how they should be treated and prevented. This thought-provoking book crosses disciplinary boundaries by engaging with both public health policy and social science, asserting that science, activism, and policy are not separate issues and showing how the contribution of environmental factors in disease is often overlooked.
Author: Christos Lynteris
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319629298
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
This edited volume draws historians and anthropologists together to explore the contested worlds of epidemic corpses and their disposal. Why are burials so frequently at the center of disagreement, recrimination and protest during epidemics? Why are the human corpses produced in the course of infectious disease outbreaks seen as dangerous, not just to the living, but also to the continued existence of society and civilization? Examining cases from the Black Death to Ebola, contributors challenge the predominant idea that a single, universal framework of contagion can explain the political, social and cultural importance and impact of the epidemic corpse.
Author: Mohammad Gharipour
Publisher: Intellect (UK)
ISBN: 9781789384673
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Thirty-six interdisciplinary essays analyze the mutual relationship between historical epidemics and the built environment. Epidemic illnesses--not only a product of biology, but also social and cultural phenomena--are as old as cities themselves. The outbreak of COVID-19 in late 2019 brought the effects of epidemic illness on urban life into sharp focus, exposing the vulnerabilities of the societies it ravages as much as the bodies it infects. How might insights from the outbreak and responses to previous urban epidemics inform our understanding of the current world? With these questions in mind, Epidemic Urbanism gathers scholarship from a range of disciplines--including history, public health, sociology, anthropology, and medicine--to present historical case studies from across the globe, each demonstrating how cities are not just the primary place of exposure and quarantine, but also the site and instrument of intervention. They also demonstrate how epidemic illnesses, and responses to them, exploit and amplify social inequality in the communities they touch. Illustrated with more than 150 historical images, the essays illuminate the profound, complex ways epidemics have shaped the world around us and convey this information in a way that meaningfully engages a public readership.
Author: Eduardo J. Gomez
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780549897101
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 535
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Book Description
Why don't old and new democracies immediately respond to health epidemics? And especially within large, highly decentralized federations, why don't central governments create effective bureaucratic institutions that can help municipal governments immediately respond to the needs of civil society? These are the puzzling questions that motivated this doctoral research. What the findings in this dissertation reveal was that both well established democracies, such as the United States, and nascent ones, such as Brazil, did not immediately respond to the needs of civil society whenever new health epidemics emerged. Notwithstanding incessant pressures from civil society and public health bureaucrats, presidents and supportive congressional members only responded when epidemics either posed a direct national security threat or when global pressures created incentives to respond. As seen in the United States, since the early-20 th century epidemic threats to the military's fighting capabilities have prompted an immediate institution-building response: that is, the creation of new federal agencies and programs to assistant municipalities. Absent these conditions, and as recently seen with the fight against AIDS and obesity, the US has not responded in this manner. The government's continued isolation from the international health community has hampered institution-building efforts. In contrast, Brazil's continued receptivity to international pressures and eagerness to increase its reputation as a nation capable of combating disease has led to different institutional outcomes whenever new global pressures emerge. Since the early-20th century and up to the current response to AIDS, international pressures, reputation building, and securing the financial means to achieve this has led to a very aggressive and persistent institution-building effort. Absent these conditions, both historically and as recently seen with the response to Tuberculosis, this outcome has not occurred. Methodologically, this dissertation used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. With regards to qualitative methods, in-depth interviews, primary archival evidence, and case studies were used. Quantitatively, this work relied on epidemiological evidence obtained from departments of health in the United States and Brazil. All together, this works submits an in-depth historical and contemporary analysis of how the United States and Brazil responded to health epidemics throughout the 20th century.
Author: D. Ann Herring
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000181553
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
Until recently, plagues were thought to belong in the ancient past. Now there are deep worries about global pandemics. This book presents views from anthropology about this much publicized and complex problem. The authors take us to places where epidemics are erupting, waning, or gone, and to other places where they have not yet arrived, but where a frightening story line is already in place. They explore public health bureaucracies and political arenas where the power lies to make decisions about what is, and is not, an epidemic. They look back into global history to uncover disease trends and look ahead to a future of expanding plagues within the context of climate change. The chapters are written from a range of perspectives, from the science of modeling epidemics to the social science of understanding them. Patterns emerge when people are engulfed by diseases labeled as epidemics but which have the hallmarks of plague. There are cycles of shame and blame, stigma, isolation of the sick, fear of contagion, and end-of-the-world scenarios. Plague, it would seem, is still among us.
Author: Friedrich Prinzing
Publisher: Oxford : Clarendon Press ; London : H. Milford
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
Author: David S. Barnes
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 1421446456
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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Book Description
How the controversial practice of quarantine saved nineteenth-century Philadelphia after a series of deadly epidemics. In the 1790s, four devastating yellow fever epidemics threatened the survival of Philadelphia, the nation's capital and largest city. In response, the city built a new quarantine station called the Lazaretto downriver from its port. From 1801 to 1895, a strict quarantine was enforced there to protect the city against yellow fever, cholera, typhus, and other diseases. At the time, the science behind quarantine was hotly contested, and the Board of Health in Philadelphia was plagued by internal conflicts and political resistance. In Lazaretto, David Barnes tells the story of how a blend of pragmatism, improvisation, and humane care succeeded in treating seemingly incurable diseases and preventing further outbreaks. Barnes shares the lessons of the Lazaretto through a series of tragic and inspiring true stories of people caught up in the painful ordeal of quarantine. They include a nine-year-old girl enslaved in West Africa and freed upon arrival in Philadelphia, an eleven-year-old orphan boy who survived yellow fever only to be scapegoated for starting an epidemic, and a grieving widow who saved the Lazaretto in the midst of catastrophe. Spanning a turbulent century of immigration, urban growth, and social transformation, Lazaretto takes readers inside the life-and-death debates and ordinary heroism that saved Philadelphia when its survival as a city was at stake. Amid the controversy and tragedy of the COVID-19 pandemic, this surprising reappraisal of America's historic struggle against deadly epidemics reminds us not to neglect old knowledge and skills in our rush to embrace the new.
Author: John Fabian Witt
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300257775
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
A concise history of how American law has shaped—and been shaped by—the experience of contagion“Contrarians and the civic-minded alike will find Witt’s legal survey a fascinating resource”—Kirkus, starred review “Professor Witt’s book is an original and thoughtful contribution to the interdisciplinary study of disease and American law. Although he covers the broad sweep of the American experience of epidemics from yellow fever to COVID-19, he is especially timely in his exploration of the legal background to the current disaster of the American response to the coronavirus. A thought-provoking, readable, and important work.”—Frank Snowden, author of Epidemics and Society From yellow fever to smallpox to polio to AIDS to COVID-19, epidemics have prompted Americans to make choices and answer questions about their basic values and their laws. In five concise chapters, historian John Fabian Witt traces the legal history of epidemics, showing how infectious disease has both shaped, and been shaped by, the law. Arguing that throughout American history legal approaches to public health have been liberal for some communities and authoritarian for others, Witt shows us how history’s answers to the major questions brought up by previous epidemics help shape our answers today: What is the relationship between individual liberty and the common good? What is the role of the federal government, and what is the role of the states? Will long-standing traditions of government and law give way to the social imperatives of an epidemic? Will we let the inequities of our mixed tradition continue?
