Contemporary Issues in Childhood Diarrhoea and Malnutrition PDF Download
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Author: Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
This is the most recent and up-to-date compilation of articles exploring the scientific and public health aspects of childhood diarrhoea and malnutrition. Written jointly by authors from developed and developing countries, it is essential reading for health workers and postgraduate students.
Author: Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
This is the most recent and up-to-date compilation of articles exploring the scientific and public health aspects of childhood diarrhoea and malnutrition. Written jointly by authors from developed and developing countries, it is essential reading for health workers and postgraduate students.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241548371
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
The Pocket Book is for use by doctors nurses and other health workers who are responsible for the care of young children at the first level referral hospitals. This second edition is based on evidence from several WHO updated and published clinical guidelines. It is for use in both inpatient and outpatient care in small hospitals with basic laboratory facilities and essential medicines. In some settings these guidelines can be used in any facilities where sick children are admitted for inpatient care. The Pocket Book is one of a series of documents and tools that support the Integrated Managem.
Author: Robert Black
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464803684
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 419
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Book Description
The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
Author: J.A. Walker-Smith
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 1483140741
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Diarrhoea and Malnutrition in Childhood is derived from a conference of pediatric gastroenterologists from around the world, held in London at the Royal Commonwealth Society and St. Bartholomew's Hospital on November 5-7, 1984. They collaborate to create a source that would educate people from developed and developing communities regarding the topic. The book first tackles the connections between diarrhea and malnutrition, and then provides a model that further explains the relationship. The authors suggest that poverty is the main cause of the two abnormal conditions, and they refer to books and studies of the topic by respected figures in the industry. Bacteria that cause the two diseases and the diseases' variations are also covered. Other topics discussed in the book are parasites in the intestine; schemes on how to improve nutrition; importance of breast-feeding; and role that the parts of the human body play during illness. This book will serve as a valuable reference for doctors, researchers, and even casual readers.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241545112
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
This manual provides expert practical guidelines for the management of severely malnourished children. Addressed to doctors and other senior health workers, the manual explains exactly what must be done to save lives, achieve successful management and rehabilitation, prevent relapse, and thus give these children the greatest chance of full recovery. Throughout, the importance of treating severe malnutrition as both a medical and a social disorder is repeatedly emphasized. As successful management does not require sophisticated facilities and equipment or highly qualified personnel, the manual also performs a persuasive function, encouraging health professionals to do all they can to save these children and meet their great need for care and affection. Recommended procedures draw on extensive practical experience as well as several recent therapeutic advances. These include improved solutions of oral rehydration salts for the treatment of dehydration, better understanding of the role of micronutrients in dietary management, and growing evidence that physical and psychological stimulation can help prevent long-term consequences of impaired growth and psychological development. Noting that the physiology of malnourished children is seriously abnormal, the manual gives particular attention to aspects of management - whether involving the interpretation of symptoms or the use of specific interventions - that differ considerably from standard procedures for well-nourished children. Details range from the reasons why IV infusion easily causes overhydration and heart failure, through a list of treatments that have no value and should never be used, to the simple reminder that underarm temperature is not a reliable guide to body temperature in a malnourished child during rewarming. Further practical guidance is provided in eight appendices, which use numerous tables, charts, sample recording forms, instructions for preparing feeds, and examples of easily constructed toys to help ensure that management is thorough, safe, and in line with the latest knowledge.
Author: Barbara Comstock
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780805942125
Category : Juvenile Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: Lincoln C. Chen
Publisher: United Nations University Press
ISBN: 9780306410468
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
There are several reasons why a consolidation of recent advances in our understanding of the interaction of diarrhea and malnutrition is indi cated and timely. It is now widely recognized that diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children of poor countries. Due to recent advances in laboratory and field diagnostic techniques, many of the previously unrecognized etiologic agents responsible for diarrhea have been identified, thereby providing new scientific knowledge for rational control strategies. Increasingly these advances suggest that the morbidity burden of diarrhea may be of equal, if not greater, public health consequence than mortality. Diarrhea only rarely causes disease severe enough to require institutionalized medical care. The vast major ity of diseases are of mild or moderate severity, and because of high prev alence, diarrhea imposes an enormous morbidity burden and exerts a sig nificant negative impact on child growth and development. Moreover, the effects of successive episodes of diarrhea are likely to be cumulative. In contrast to several other childhood infections, the treatment of the diarrheal diseases is feasible because it uses simple, effective, and low cost medical technologies. Within the context of these developments, there has been a major resurgence of international interest in, and commitment to, the control of the diarrheal diseases. The World Health Organization recently has launched a global program for the control of diarrhea, and simulta neously, an independent international research center on diarrhea has been established in Bangladesh.
Author: Jyoti Ratan Ghosh
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781536173499
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person''s intake of energy and/or nutrients. Child malnutrition, in all its forms, includes undernutrition, which includes wasting (low weight-for-height), stunting (low height-for-age) and underweight (low weight-for-age), micronutrient-related malnutrition (a lack of important vitamins and minerals) or micronutrient excess, overweight, obesity, and resulting diet-related non-communicable diseases. Malnutrition is one of the most important factors for improper physical and mental development of children. One in every five children in the developing world is malnourished, and poor nutrition is associated with half of all child deaths worldwide. The problem of low or excessive body weight concerns countries with different levels of socio-economic development. This is a medical, social, and economic issue.Every country in the world is affected by one or more forms of malnutrition. Combating malnutrition in all its forms is one of the greatest global health challenges. Infants, children and adolescents are at particular risk of malnutrition. In children, malnutrition has particularly significant health consequences during both early development and adulthood. Malnutrition endangers children''s survival, health, growth and development, slows national progress towards the developmental goals and thus diminishes the strength and capacity of nation. Malnutrition in terms of undernutrition is substantially higher in rural than in urban areas and children from indigenous populations often have the poorest nutritional status. The developmental, economic, social, and medical impacts of the global burden of malnutrition are serious and lasting for all involved including individuals and their families, communities and countries.Poor nutrition during the early years of life can also have severe consequences for subsequent skeletal and immunological development. Studies have demonstrated that undernutrition is not caused by food insecurity alone. Other factors range from the length of the breastfeeding period and the availability of milk oligosaccharides, pathogen exposure, and enteric dysfunction marked by villus atrophy and loss of gut barrier function. Differences in the succession of microbial establishment and maturity might contribute to family discordances in nutritional status. Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. The problem is global and is steadily affecting many low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings. Its prevalence has increased at an alarming rate. Globally, in 2016, the number of overweight children under the age of five is estimated to be over 41 million. Almost half of all overweight children under 5 lived in Asia. Overweight and obesity have been linked to adverse psychological and physical outcomes during childhood and continuing into adolescence and adulthood. The association between overweight and obesity with psychosocial problems (anxiety, depression and negative self-image), health problems (diabetes and cardiovascular events) and impaired social, educational and economic productivity has been well documented. Moreover, the negative impact of being underweight, overweight, or obese on the health and development of children and adolescents can also extend into adulthood, increasing the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases and disability. Overweight and obesity, as well as their related diseases, are largely preventable. Therefore prevention of childhood obesity is a high priority.The mechanism of development of obesity is not fully understood and it is believed to be a disorder with multiple causes. Environmental factors, lifestyle preferences, and cultural environment play pivotal roles in the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide. In general, overweight and obesity are assumed to be the result of an increase in caloric and fat intake. On the other hand, there are supporting evidence that excessive sugar intake by soft drink, increased portion size, and steady decline in physical activity have been playing major roles in the rising rates of obesity all around the world.Nutritional assessment is the interpretation of anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary data to determine whether a person or groups of people are well nourished or malnourished (over-nourished or under-nourished). Research can be aimed at identifying the various social, cultural, political, and economic factors of nutrition in order to fully understand the underlying causes of malnutrition. The social determinants of malnutrition can be explored through both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Furthermore, exploring the issues of food security, dietary diversity, and infant-feeding practices can provide a comprehensive understanding of a population''s nutritional status.
Author: Ann Ashworth
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241546093
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
This book provides clear, concise and practical guidelines for treating severely malnourished children successfully, taking into account the limited resources of many hospitals and health units in developing countries, and consistent with other WHO publications. It aims to help improve the quality of inpatient care and so prevent unnecessary deaths, and hospitals which have used these guidelines have reported substantial reductions in mortality rates.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
A collection of eight teaching units conveying essential information about the pathophysiology clinical features diagnosis epidemiology treatment and prevention of diarrhoea in children. Addressed to medical students undergoing clinical training in paediatrics the manual aims to equip students with all the knowledge needed to assess patients plan treatment and prevent deaths through proper case management. Information which is specific to conditions in developing countries ranges from an explanation of the clinical features seen in different forms of dehydration through advice on how to communicate with mothers to a discussion of the role of feeding in the management of diarrhoea. Recommended lines of action draw their authority from published research and extensive WHO experience in programmes for the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea. The first two teaching units provide fundamental information about the epidemiology clinical types of diarrhoea causative agents modes of transmission pathophysiology and implications for treatment. Subsequent units explain how the clinical assessment of patients should be performed and interpreted discuss ways of teaching mothers to treat diarrhoea at home describe clinical measures for the treatment of dehydrated patients and discuss the special procedures to be followed during the treatment of dysentery persistent diarrhoea and diarrhoea associated with other illnesses. The remaining units cover the nutritional management of diarrhoea in children including those suffering from severe malnutrition and explain how physicians can promote prevention particularly through the education of mothers and other family members. Each unit concludes with a list of exercises. Further practical information is presented in a series of annexes which include illustrated step-by-step instructions for intravenous rehydration and nasogastric rehydration.
