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Author: Larry Stillman
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1443811467
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
Community Informatics is a developing field which brings together understandings about the interaction of communities and information and communication technologies from fields as diverse as Management and Information Systems, Library and Information Sciences, Community Development, Sociology, or Social and Community Welfare. A key assumption of community informatics is that technologies can be used for positive social change and development, particularly with disadvantaged communities or communities that hitherto, have not had a public voice. The volume brings together international perspectives around defining and debating the idea of community memory which, as Alex Byrne, President of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions observed in his splendid and wide-ranging Introduction: "community memories are multilayered, changeable, conflicting and contested", and the multilayering, changeability and contest between different players provide fertile theoretical and practical ground for Community Informatics and its interdisciplinary cousins. "Community Informatics is an emerging new multi-disciplinary approach to the study of the intersection of communities and Information and Communication Technologies. This volume contains significant contributions from international practitioners and researchers in the fields of archives, record-keeping, community knowledge management, emerging information and communication technologies, history, community development-virtual as well as real-and Community Informatics as a growing discipline. The content of the book is a unique contribution in the field. The volume will be read by researchers, and communities interested in how they communicate their past, present, and future." —Professor Emerita Gunilla Bradley Informatics School of ICT Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm Sweden "Practitioners, researchers and theoreticians in Community Informatics will find a unique array of valuable perspectives in this book. It covers the interaction of communities, memories and technologies in a highly original way, with regard to its breadth and the number of case studies it presents. It incorporates contributions from 13 countries in all parts of our endangered planet, thus providing the international perspective that is critical to understanding how communities can use technology for societal good." —Professor Michel Menou. Les Rosiers sur Loire, France, Associate, Centre for Information Behaviour and the Evaluation of Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Author: Larry Stillman
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1443811467
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 390
Get Book Here
Book Description
Community Informatics is a developing field which brings together understandings about the interaction of communities and information and communication technologies from fields as diverse as Management and Information Systems, Library and Information Sciences, Community Development, Sociology, or Social and Community Welfare. A key assumption of community informatics is that technologies can be used for positive social change and development, particularly with disadvantaged communities or communities that hitherto, have not had a public voice. The volume brings together international perspectives around defining and debating the idea of community memory which, as Alex Byrne, President of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions observed in his splendid and wide-ranging Introduction: "community memories are multilayered, changeable, conflicting and contested", and the multilayering, changeability and contest between different players provide fertile theoretical and practical ground for Community Informatics and its interdisciplinary cousins. "Community Informatics is an emerging new multi-disciplinary approach to the study of the intersection of communities and Information and Communication Technologies. This volume contains significant contributions from international practitioners and researchers in the fields of archives, record-keeping, community knowledge management, emerging information and communication technologies, history, community development-virtual as well as real-and Community Informatics as a growing discipline. The content of the book is a unique contribution in the field. The volume will be read by researchers, and communities interested in how they communicate their past, present, and future." —Professor Emerita Gunilla Bradley Informatics School of ICT Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm Sweden "Practitioners, researchers and theoreticians in Community Informatics will find a unique array of valuable perspectives in this book. It covers the interaction of communities, memories and technologies in a highly original way, with regard to its breadth and the number of case studies it presents. It incorporates contributions from 13 countries in all parts of our endangered planet, thus providing the international perspective that is critical to understanding how communities can use technology for societal good." —Professor Michel Menou. Les Rosiers sur Loire, France, Associate, Centre for Information Behaviour and the Evaluation of Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Author: Victor Alessandrini
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 0128038209
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 557
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Book Description
Shared Memory Application Programming presents the key concepts and applications of parallel programming, in an accessible and engaging style applicable to developers across many domains. Multithreaded programming is today a core technology, at the basis of all software development projects in any branch of applied computer science. This book guides readers to develop insights about threaded programming and introduces two popular platforms for multicore development: OpenMP and Intel Threading Building Blocks (TBB). Author Victor Alessandrini leverages his rich experience to explain each platform's design strategies, analyzing the focus and strengths underlying their often complementary capabilities, as well as their interoperability. The book is divided into two parts: the first develops the essential concepts of thread management and synchronization, discussing the way they are implemented in native multithreading libraries (Windows threads, Pthreads) as well as in the modern C++11 threads standard. The second provides an in-depth discussion of TBB and OpenMP including the latest features in OpenMP 4.0 extensions to ensure readers' skills are fully up to date. Focus progressively shifts from traditional thread parallelism to modern task parallelism deployed by modern programming environments. Several chapter include examples drawn from a variety of disciplines, including molecular dynamics and image processing, with full source code and a software library incorporating a number of utilities that readers can adapt into their own projects. - Designed to introduce threading and multicore programming to teach modern coding strategies for developers in applied computing - Leverages author Victor Alessandrini's rich experience to explain each platform's design strategies, analyzing the focus and strengths underlying their often complementary capabilities, as well as their interoperability - Includes complete, up-to-date discussions of OpenMP 4.0 and TBB - Based on the author's training sessions, including information on source code and software libraries which can be repurposed
Author: Michael J. Voss
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540450092
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
The refereed proceedings of the International Workshop on OpenMP Applications and Tools, WOMPAT 2003, held in Toronto, Canada in June 2003. The 20 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in sections on tools and tool technology, OpenMP implementations, OpenMP experience, and OpenMP on clusters.
Author: Julian Shun
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool
ISBN: 1970001909
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
Parallelism is the key to achieving high performance in computing. However, writing efficient and scalable parallel programs is notoriously difficult, and often requires significant expertise. To address this challenge, it is crucial to provide programmers with high-level tools to enable them to develop solutions easily, and at the same time emphasize the theoretical and practical aspects of algorithm design to allow the solutions developed to run efficiently under many different settings. This thesis addresses this challenge using a three-pronged approach consisting of the design of shared-memory programming techniques, frameworks, and algorithms for important problems in computing. The thesis provides evidence that with appropriate programming techniques, frameworks, and algorithms, shared-memory programs can be simple, fast, and scalable, both in theory and in practice. The results developed in this thesis serve to ease the transition into the multicore era. The first part of this thesis introduces tools and techniques for deterministic parallel programming, including means for encapsulating nondeterminism via powerful commutative building blocks, as well as a novel framework for executing sequential iterative loops in parallel, which lead to deterministic parallel algorithms that are efficient both in theory and in practice. The second part of this thesis introduces Ligra, the first high-level shared memory framework for parallel graph traversal algorithms. The framework allows programmers to express graph traversal algorithms using very short and concise code, delivers performance competitive with that of highly-optimized code, and is up to orders of magnitude faster than existing systems designed for distributed memory. This part of the thesis also introduces Ligra+, which extends Ligra with graph compression techniques to reduce space usage and improve parallel performance at the same time, and is also the first graph processing system to support in-memory graph compression. The third and fourth parts of this thesis bridge the gap between theory and practice in parallel algorithm design by introducing the first algorithms for a variety of important problems on graphs and strings that are efficient both in theory and in practice. For example, the thesis develops the first linear-work and polylogarithmic-depth algorithms for suffix tree construction and graph connectivity that are also practical, as well as a work-efficient, polylogarithmic-depth, and cache-efficient shared-memory algorithm for triangle computations that achieves a 2–5x speedup over the best existing algorithms on 40 cores. This is a revised version of the thesis that won the 2015 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award.
Author: Norihisa Suzuki
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262193221
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 534
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Book Description
Shared memory multiprocessors are becoming the dominant architecture for small-scale parallel computation. This book is the first to provide a coherent review of current research in shared memory multiprocessing in the United States and Japan. It focuses particularly on scalable architecture that will be able to support hundreds of microprocessors as well as on efficient and economical ways of connecting these fast microprocessors. The 20 contributions are divided into sections covering the experience to date with multiprocessors, cache coherency, software systems, and examples of scalable shared memory multiprocessors.
Author: Matthias S. Müller
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540685553
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 446
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Book Description
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the First and the Second International Workshop on OpenMP, IWOMP 2005 and IWOMP 2006, held in Eugene, OR, USA, and in Reims, France, in June 2005 and 2006 respectively. The first part of the book presents 16 revised full papers carefully reviewed and selected from the IWOMP 2005 program and organized in topical sections on performance tools, compiler technology, run-time environment, applications, as well as the OpenMP language and its evaluation. In the second part there are 19 papers of IWOMP 2006, fully revised and grouped thematically in sections on advanced performance tuning aspects of code development applications, and proposed extensions to OpenMP.
Author: Raynal Michel
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031792130
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 115
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Book Description
Theory is what remains true when technology is changing. So, it is important to know and master the basic concepts and the theoretical tools that underlie the design of the systems we are using today and the systems we will use tomorrow. This means that, given a computing model, we need to know what can be done and what cannot be done in that model. Considering systems built on top of an asynchronous read/write shared memory prone to process crashes, this monograph presents and develops the fundamental notions that are universal constructions, consensus numbers, distributed recursivity, power of the BG simulation, and what can be done when one has to cope with process anonymity and/or memory anonymity. Numerous distributed algorithms are presented, the aim of which is being to help the reader better understand the power and the subtleties of the notions that are presented. In addition, the reader can appreciate the simplicity and beauty of some of these algorithms.
Author: Doroshenko, Anatoliy
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1522593861
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
Emerging scientific and industrial applications in today’s world require significant computing power. Modern software tools are available for such platforms but are relatively complex and require the use of innovative programming models. One promising area in modern software design is the development, analysis, and implementation of algorithms and adaptive methods. These advancements in programming are promising but lack relevant research and understanding. Formal and Adaptive Methods for Automation of Parallel Programs Construction: Emerging Research and Opportunities is an essential reference source that solves the problem of the development of efficient models, methods, and tools for parallel programming automation based on the algebra of algorithms, term rewriting, and auto-tuning paradigms. The results of this book will help to further develop and improve existing research on design, synthesis, and optimization of sequential and parallel algorithms and programs. Featuring research on topics such as auto-tuning methods, graphics processing, and algorithmic language, this book is ideally designed for mathematicians, software engineers, data scientists, researchers, academicians, and students seeking coverage on developing tools for automated design and parallel programs.
Author: C.R. Ramakrishnan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540787992
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 533
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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2008, held in Budapest, Hungary, in March/April 2008 as part of ETAPS 2008, the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software. The 31 revised full research papers and 7 revised tool demonstration papers presented together with the abstract of an invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 140 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on parameterized systems, model checking, applications, static analysis, concurrent/distributed systems, symbolic execution, abstraction, interpolation, trust, and reputation.
Author:
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 354024560X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 157
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Book Description
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed postproceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Open MP Application and Tools, WOMPAT 2004, held in Houston, TX, USA in May 2004. The 12 revised full papers presented were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. The papers are devoted to using Open MP for large scale applications on several computing platforms, consideration of Open MP parallelization strategies, discussion and evaluation of several proposed language features, and compiler and tools technology.
