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Author: Bureau of Municipal Research (New York, N.Y.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Finance
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Author: Bureau of Municipal Research (New York, N.Y.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Finance
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
Author: Bureau of Municipal Research (New York, N.Y.)
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781418138547
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780656685769
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
Excerpt from Collecting Water Revenues: Methods of the Bureau of Water Register, Manhattan With Suggestions for Reorganization To emphasize the necessity for a vigorous administration of the new methods adopted to make them effective. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Bureau of Municipal Research (New York, N.Y.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Finance
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Author: New York (N.Y.). Board of Estimate and Apportionment
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Budget
Languages : en
Pages : 1616
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Budget
Languages : en
Pages : 974
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Author: Alan Wyatt
Publisher: RTI Press
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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Book Description
Non-revenue water (NRW) includes physical losses (pipe leaks) and commercial losses (illegal connections, unmetered public use, meter error, unbilled metered water, and water for which payment is not collected). NRW levels are high in many developing countries, and they can be expensive to reduce. Members of the International Water Association (IWA) Water Loss Task Force developed the Economic Level of Leakage (ELL), which outlines the optimal level of physical losses based on engineering inputs. However, the ELL approach is less useful in developing countries than in developed countries, as it ignores commercial losses, the annualized cost of water supply capacity expansion, and situations in which production capacity does not meet demand. This report presents a financial model that addresses the limitations noted above and provides acceptably accurate values of optimal, steady-state NRW without the need for large data collection efforts. The model uses an NRW framework adapted from the IWA Water Balance and the Burst and Background Estimates (BABE) and Econoleak methodologies. The report presents specific results for 59 utilities in 27 countries in Asia, Africa, and Eastern Europe; these include optimal NRW, optimal physical losses, optimal commercial losses, optimal meter replacement frequencies, optimal leak detection survey frequencies, actual losses, and impacts on utility revenue and water supply coverage. This model allows utility managers and regulators to establish NRW targets and to optimally allocate resources to NRW management. Ultimately, use of the model will help save water, increase utility revenues, expand coverage, and reduce health and economic impacts.
Author: Hunter District Water Board (N.S.W.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water-supply
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Author: New York (N.Y.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : New York (N.Y
Languages : en
Pages : 1204
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Author: New York (N.Y.). Board of Estimate and Apportionment
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 908
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