CMOS Integrated Circuit Design for Ultra-wideband Transmitters and Receivers PDF Download
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Author: Rui Xu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Ultra-wideband technology (UWB) has received tremendous attention since the FCC license release in 2002, which expedited the research and development of UWB technologies on consumer products. The applications of UWB range from ground penetrating radar, distance sensor, through wall radar to high speed, short distance communications. The CMOS integrated circuit is an attractive, low cost approach for implementing UWB technology. The improving cut-off frequency of the transistor in CMOS process makes the CMOS circuit capable of handling signal at multi-giga herz. However, some design challenges still remain to be solved. Unlike regular narrow band signal, the UWB signal is discrete pulse instead of continuous wave (CW), which results in the occupancy of wide frequency range. This demands that UWB front-end circuits deliver both time domain and frequency domain signal processing over broad bandwidth. Witnessing these technique challenges, this dissertation aims at designing novel, high performance components for UWB signal generation, down-conversion, as well as accurate timing control using low cost CMOS technology. We proposed, designed and fabricated a carrier based UWB transmitter to facilitate the discrete feature of the UWB signal. The transmitter employs novel twostage -switching to generate carrier based UWB signal. The structure not only minimizes the current consumption but also eliminates the use of a UWB power amplifier. The fabricated transmitter is capable of delivering tunable UWB signal over the complete 3.1GHz -10.6GHz UWB band. By applying the similar two-stage switching approach, we were able to implement a novel switched-LNA based UWB sampling receiver frontend. The proposed front-end has significantly lower power consumption compared to previously published design while keep relatively high gain and low noise at the same time. The designed sampling mixer shows unprecedented performance of 9-12dB voltage conversion gain, 16-25dB noise figure, and power consumption of only 21.6mW(with buffer) and 11.7mW(without buffer) across dc to 3.5GHz with 100M-Hz sampling frequency. The implementation of a precise delay generator is also presented in the dissertation. It relies on an external reference clock to provide accurate timing against process, supply voltage and temperature variation through a negative feedback loop. The delay generator prototype has been verified having digital programmability and tunable delay step resolution. The relative delay shift from desired value is limited to within 0.2%.
Author: Rui Xu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Ultra-wideband technology (UWB) has received tremendous attention since the FCC license release in 2002, which expedited the research and development of UWB technologies on consumer products. The applications of UWB range from ground penetrating radar, distance sensor, through wall radar to high speed, short distance communications. The CMOS integrated circuit is an attractive, low cost approach for implementing UWB technology. The improving cut-off frequency of the transistor in CMOS process makes the CMOS circuit capable of handling signal at multi-giga herz. However, some design challenges still remain to be solved. Unlike regular narrow band signal, the UWB signal is discrete pulse instead of continuous wave (CW), which results in the occupancy of wide frequency range. This demands that UWB front-end circuits deliver both time domain and frequency domain signal processing over broad bandwidth. Witnessing these technique challenges, this dissertation aims at designing novel, high performance components for UWB signal generation, down-conversion, as well as accurate timing control using low cost CMOS technology. We proposed, designed and fabricated a carrier based UWB transmitter to facilitate the discrete feature of the UWB signal. The transmitter employs novel twostage -switching to generate carrier based UWB signal. The structure not only minimizes the current consumption but also eliminates the use of a UWB power amplifier. The fabricated transmitter is capable of delivering tunable UWB signal over the complete 3.1GHz -10.6GHz UWB band. By applying the similar two-stage switching approach, we were able to implement a novel switched-LNA based UWB sampling receiver frontend. The proposed front-end has significantly lower power consumption compared to previously published design while keep relatively high gain and low noise at the same time. The designed sampling mixer shows unprecedented performance of 9-12dB voltage conversion gain, 16-25dB noise figure, and power consumption of only 21.6mW(with buffer) and 11.7mW(without buffer) across dc to 3.5GHz with 100M-Hz sampling frequency. The implementation of a precise delay generator is also presented in the dissertation. It relies on an external reference clock to provide accurate timing against process, supply voltage and temperature variation through a negative feedback loop. The delay generator prototype has been verified having digital programmability and tunable delay step resolution. The relative delay shift from desired value is limited to within 0.2%.
Author: Cam Nguyen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319531077
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
This book presents the design of ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse-based transmitter and receiver frontends, operating within the 3.1-10.6 GHz frequency band, using CMOS radio-frequency integrated-circuits (RFICs). CMOS RFICs are small, cheap, low power devices, better suited for direct integration with digital ICs as compared to those using III-V compound semiconductor devices. CMOS RFICs are thus very attractive for RF systems and, in fact, the principal choice for commercial wireless markets. The book comprises seven chapters. The first chapter gives an introduction to UWB technology and outlines its suitability for high resolution sensing and high-rate, short-range ad-hoc networking and communications. The second chapter provides the basics of CMOS RFICs needed for the design of the UWB RFIC transmitter and receiver presented in this book. It includes the design fundamentals, lumped and distributed elements for RFIC, layout, post-layout simulation, and measurement. The third chapter discusses the basics of UWB systems including UWB advantages and applications, signals, basic modulations, transmitter and receiver frontends, and antennas. The fourth chapter addresses the design of UWB transmitters including an overview of basic components, design of pulse generator, BPSK modulator design, and design of a UWB tunable transmitter. Chapter 5 presents the design of UWB receivers including the design of UWB low-noise amplifiers, correlators, and a UWB 1 receiver. Chapter 6 covers the design of a UWB uniplanar antenna. Finally, a summary and conclusion is given in Chapter 7.
Author: Aminghasem Safarian
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402067224
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 97
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Book Description
A comprehensive study of silicon-based distributed architectures in wideband circuits are presented in this book. Novel circuit architectures for ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless technologies are described. The book begins with an introduction of several transceiver architectures for UWB. The discussion then focuses on RF front-end of the UWB radio. Therefore, the book will be of interest to RF circuit designers and students.
Author: Alyssa Apsel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461418453
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
This book covers the fundamental principles behind the design of ultra-low power radios and how they can form networks to facilitate a variety of applications within healthcare and environmental monitoring, since they may operate for years off a small battery or even harvest energy from the environment. These radios are distinct from conventional radios in that they must operate with very constrained resources and low overhead. This book provides a thorough discussion of the challenges associated with designing radios with such constrained resources, as well as fundamental design concepts and practical approaches to implementing working designs. Coverage includes integrated circuit design, timing and control considerations, fundamental theory behind low power and time domain operation, and network/communication protocol considerations.
Author: Ranjit Gharpurey
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387692789
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Book Description
This book is a compilation of chapters on various aspects of Ultra Wideband. The book includes chapters on Ultra Wideband transceiver implementations, pulse-based systems and one on the implementation for the WiMedia/MBOFDM approach. Another chapter discusses the implementation of the physical layer baseband, including the ADC and post-ADC processing required in the UWB system. Future advances such as multiantenna UWB solutions are also discussed.
Author: Meng Miao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The low-cost low-power complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) ultra wideband (UWB) transmitter and receiver front-ends based on impulse technology were developed. The CMOS UWB pulse generator with frequency-band tuning capability was developed, which can generate both impulse and monocycle pulse signals with variable pulse durations. The pulse generator integrates a tuning delay circuit, a square-wave generator, an impulse-forming circuit, and a pulse-shaping circuit in a single chip. When integrated with the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulator, the transmitter front-end can generate a positive impulse with 0.8 V, negative impulse with 0.7 V, as well as the positive/negative monocycle pulse with 0.6 -- 0.8 V, all with tunable pulse durations. The UWB receiver front-end including the template pulse generator, low noise amplifier (LNA), and multiplier was developed. The cascoded common-source inductively degenerated LNA, with extended ultra-wideband ladder matching network, as well as shunt-peaking topology, was selected to form the impulse-type UWB LNA. The structure-optimized and patterned ground shield (PGS) inductors were also studied and used in LNA design to improve the LNA performance. The maximum gain of 12.4 dB was achieved over the band. For the 3-dB bandwidth, 2.6 -- 9.8 GHz was achieved. The average noise figure of 5.8 dB was achieved over the entire UWB band of 3.1-10.6 GHz. The UWB multiplier based on the transconductor multiplier structure was investigated, with the shunt-peaking topology applied to achieve the pole-zero cancellation and extend the multiplier bandwidth from 2 GHz to 10 GHz. A low-cost, compact, easy-to-manufacture coplanar UWB antenna was developed that is omni-directional, radiation-efficient and has a stable UWB response. It covers the entire UWB frequency range of 3.1 - 10.6 GHz, with the return loss better than 18-dB. This novel uniplanar antenna was integrated with the developed CMOS tunable pulse generator to form the UWB transmitter front-end module. This UWB module can transmit the monocycle pulses and the signals having shape similar to the first derivative of the monocycle pulses, all with the tunable pulse durations. The proposed UWB front-ends have the potential application in short-range communication, GPR, and short-range detections.
Author: Yalin Jin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Low cost, a high-integrated capability, and low-power consumption are the basic requirements for ultra wide band (UWB) system design in order for the system to be adopted in various commercial electronic devices in the near future. Thus, the highly integrated transceiver is trended to be manufactured by companies using the latest silicon based complimentary metal-oxide-silicon (CMOS) processes. In this dissertation, several new structural designs are proposed, which provide solutions for some crucial RF blocks in CMOS for UWB for commercial applications. In this dissertation, there is a discussion of the development, as well as an illustration, of a fully-integrated ultra-broadband transmit/receive (T/R) switch which uses nMOS transistors with deep n-well in a standard 0.18-[micron] CMOS process. The new CMOS T/R switch exploits patterned-ground-shield on-chip inductors together with MOSFET's parasitic capacitances in order to synthesize artificial transmission lines which result in low insertion loss over an extremely wide bandwidth. Within DC-10 GHz, 10-18 GHz, and 18-20 GHz, the developed CMOS T/R switch exhibits insertion loss of less than 0.7, 1.0 and 2.5 dB and isolation between 32-60 dB, 25-32 dB, and 25-27 dB, respectively. The measured 1-dB power compression point and input third-order intercept point reach as high as 26.2 and 41 dBm, respectively. Further, there is a discussion and demonstration of a tunable Carrier-based Time-gated UWB transmitter in this dissertation which uses a broadband multiplier, a novel fully integrated single pole single throw (SPST) switch designed by the CMOS process, where a tunable instantaneous bandwidth from 500 MHz to 4 GHz is exhibited by adjusting the width of the base band impulses in time domain. The SPST switch utilizes the synthetic transmission line concept and multiple reflections technique in order to realize a flat insertion loss less than 1.5 dB from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz and an extremely high isolation of more than 45 dB within this frequency range. A fully integrated complementary LC voltage control oscillator (VCO), designed with a tunable buffer, operates from 4.6 GHz to 5.9 GHz. The measurement results demonstrate that the integrated VCO has a very low phase noise of -117 dBc/ Hz at 1 MHz offset. The fully integrated VCO achieves a very high figure of merit (FOM) of 183.5 using standard CMOS process while consuming 4 mA DC current.
Author: Miguel D. Fernandes
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319189204
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 115
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Book Description
This book demonstrates how to design a wideband receiver operating in current mode, in which the noise and non-linearity are reduced, implemented in a low cost single chip, using standard CMOS technology. The authors present a solution to remove the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) block and connect directly the mixer’s output to a passive second-order continuous-time Σ∆ analog to digital converter (ADC), which operates in current-mode. These techniques enable the reduction of area, power consumption, and cost in modern CMOS receivers.
Author: Francisco Iwao Hirata Flores
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Recently the techniques based on Impulse Radio (IR) Ultra Wideband (UWB) have experienced a growing interest in the field of wireless systems. An efficient technique known as Transmitted Reference (TR) UWB, has gained in popularity for low and medium data rates applications such as sensor networks. This technique uses two pulses per symbol period, which are strongly correlated and separated by a well known delay (D). The reception system is composed of a wideband analog delay element and a correlator. The delay line allows making a copy of the received signal with a delay that corresponds exactly to D; the correlation is then made with these two pulses. Despite the apparent simplicity of this type of receiver, its implementation in a low power integrated circuit is not an easy task, especially the delay element which must be wideband for UWB applications. > To overcome this difficulty, a new detection method called Time Delayed Sampling and Correlation (TDSC) has been proposed recently, which will be explained in this document. It uses two analog waveform samplers activated at different times; here the delay D between pulses is applied to the control signals of the two samplers. The delay is generated in a digital way; it becomes programmable and can be used in a multi-user context (a different delay for each user for example). > This document describes the design and implementation of a CMOS prototype for a TDSC-UWB receiver based on TR-UWB detection scheme. The prototype made in CMOS 0.35mm technology, allows the validation of the new detection concept, i.e. TDSC. Thanks to this prototype, it was possible to measure a -3 dB bandwidth of around 1.1 GHz and a sampling frequency of more than 7 GHz. This allows the detection of impulse signals with an input bandwidth of 500 MHz (" 2 ns), which is the minimum bandwidth for the UWB technology.
Author: Pengbei Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
A novel "two-step" frequency generation scheme and its associated frequency synthesizer architecture are also proposed in this dissertation. This scheme can provide all MB-OFDM UWB bands with only two frequency mixing steps. Analysis on its phase noise and parasitic frequency spur performance justifies its effectiveness.
