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Author: Nathaniel Brunsell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Author: United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Policy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author: Nathaniel Brunsell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Author: Kansas. State Board of Agriculture
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Kansas
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Author: Vahid Rahmani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Precipitation impacts hydrologic structures, agricultural production, water resources management, and recreational activities, all of which significantly affect a state's economy. Water control structure design is based on the maximum runoff rate resulting from storms with a specific return period and duration. The Rainfall Frequency Atlas (National Weather Service Technical Paper 40, 1961) (TP-40) provided statistical rainfall analysis as the basis for hydrologic structure design until the information was updated for Kansas in February 2013 (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Atlas 14, volume 8) (Atlas-14). With growing concern about the effects of global climate change and predictions of more precipitation and extreme weather events, it is necessary to explore rainfall distribution patterns using the most current and complete data available. In this work, the changes in rainfall patterns were studied using the daily rainfall data from 23 stations in Kansas and 15 stations from adjacent states with daily rainfall data of 1890 through 2012. Analysis showed an increase in extreme precipitation events in Kansas with increase in magnitude from the northwest to southeast part of the state. A comparison of results of the TP-40 analysis to period 1980-2009, showed that approximately 84% of the state had an increase in short-term rainfall event magnitudes. In addition, trend analyzes on the total annual rainfall indicated a gradual increase at 21 out of 23 stations, including eight statistically significant trends. A change-point analysis detected a significant sudden change at twelve stations as early as 1940 and as recently as 1980. The increasing trend, particularly after the significant change-points, is useful in updating water management plans and can assist with agricultural production decisions such as crop selection and new plant variety development. A comparison between 10-yr, 24-hr storms from TP-40 and Atlas-14 indicated a change of -12% to 5% in Kansas. However, the number of exceedances from the 10-yr, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 7-, and 10-day storms demonstrated a tendency towards more exceedances, particularly in the last five decades. Results of this study are useful for hydrologic structure design and water resources management in order to prevent accepting additional risk of failure because of the current changing climate.
Author: Marcia K. Schulmeister
Publisher: Geological Society of America
ISBN: 0813700523
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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"The papers in this volume illustrate unique, but often overlooked, geologic events of the last 300 million years. Rock outcrops and landscapes, ranging in age from Upper Pennsylvanian through the Anthropocene, are presented that address the following themes: cyclothems, a Permian salt giant, Midcontinent kimberlite intrusions, and Midcontinent glaciation"--
Author: Christopher B. Siebenmorgen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The Great Plains once encompassed 160 million hectares of grassland in the central United States. In the last several decades, conversion of grassland to urban and agricultural production areas has caused significant increases in runoff and erosion. Past attempts to slow this hydrologic system degradation have shown success, but climate change could once again significantly alter the hydrology. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) studies the state of knowledge pertaining to climate change. The IPCC has developed four possible future scenarios (A1, A2, B1 and B2). The output temperature and precipitation data for Northeast Kansas from fifteen A2 General Circulation Models (GCMs) were analyzed in this study. This analysis showed that future temperature increases are consistent among the GCMs. On the other hand, precipitation projections varied greatly among GCMs both on annual and monthly scales. It is clear that the results of a hydrologic study will vary depending on which GCM is used to generate future climate data. To overcome this difficulty, a way to take all GCMs into account in a hydrologic analysis is needed. Separate methods were used to develop three groups of scenarios from the output of fifteen A2 GCMs. Using a stochastic weather generator, WINDS, monthly adjustments for future temperature and precipitation were applied to actual statistics from the 1961 -- 1990 to generate 105 years of data for each climate scenario. The SWAT model was used to simulate watershed processes for each scenario. The streamflow output was analyzed with the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration program, which calculated multiple hydrologic indices that were then compared back to a baseline scenario. This analysis showed that large changes in projected annual precipitation caused significant hydrologic alteration. Similar alterations were obtained using scenarios with minimal annual precipitation change. This was accomplished with seasonal shifts in precipitation, or by significantly increasing annual temperature. One scenario showing an increase in spring precipitation accompanied by a decrease in summer precipitation caused an increase in both flood and drought events for the study area. The results of this study show that climate change has the potential to alter hydrologic regimes in Northeast Kansas.
Author: Michael Boland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural industries
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author: Iris E. Wilson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Global and regional climates have changed significantly in recent decades. One of the sectors most affected by a changing climate is agriculture. While the scientific consensus is clear that climate has changed, a declining number of Americans believe in the seriousness of "global warming". Bridging this knowledge gap will require a more in depth understanding of public perceptions of climate change. The research reported here addressed public perceptions of climate and environmental change in north central Kansas and found that farmers are aware that climate has changed over their lifetimes. Local residents were found to be aware on ongoing environmental changes and adopting changes in land management practices that balance improving environmental conditions with the need to make a profit. More information is needed on what information sources and presentation styles would work best for the communication of updated information, both for communicating with farmers and with educators.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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The range of climatic changes anticipated in the United States - from rising sea levels to stronger and more frequent storms and extreme temperature events - will have real impacts on the natural environment as well as human-made infrastructures and their ability to contribute to economic activity and quality of life. These impacts will vary across regions and sectors of the economy, leaving future governments, the private sector and citizens to face the full spectrum of direct and indirect costs accrued from increasing environmental damage and disruption ... On a series of state studies, CIER collaborated with the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) which adapted the studies for their members by creating short summary reports from the full CIER studies.
Author: Alvin B. Cardwell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Kansas
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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