Christianity in The Americas Before Columbus

Christianity in The Americas Before Columbus PDF Author: Gary Bowen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781513655789
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Book Description
Who was Fray ("Friar") Servando Teresa de Mier? What did he do and what did he write? Fray Mier was born in 1763 in Monterrey, Mexico, and died in 1827 as a guest in Mexico's Presidential Palace. He came to be the most popular man in Mexico. Two centuries later, Fray Mier is unknown even in his native Mexico. Why and how did this happen? The life and writings of Fray Mier is a "Mier Paradox" described in Christianity in The Americas Before Columbus: Unfamiliar Origins and Insights. Dr. Mier's writings give unfamiliar origins and insights to the history of Mexico before and after Columbus. Mier writing: "And, who does not know of the blasphemies of the incredulous against the Christian religion, whose Divinity, they say, was testing them for sixteen centuries, up to crushing their bones, with its expansion into all the world by only twelve men, and with the universality of the Church; and in the end a New World was discovered where nothing was known of it? It is false. Throughout America, monuments and vestige evidences of Christianity were found, according to the unanimous testimony of the missionaries." Those early Catholic missionaries were the source of Fray Mier's research and writings. Mier wrote his "Farewell Letter to the Mexicans," 1820, while incarcerated in San Juan de Ullúa Fort. Mier's "Farewell Letter. . .," has this closing mandate: "My fellow countrymen stop howling and instruct yourselves. . . The Deists themselves today confess that the ancient preaching of the Gospel in America is beyond doubt." Pursuant to Fray Mier's mandate to his Mexican countrymen, we too must instruct ourselves on those early Catholic missionaries' writings, which give historical authenticity to the ancient preaching of the Gospel of Jesus Christ in the Americas before Columbus.

Christianity in The Americas Before Columbus

Christianity in The Americas Before Columbus PDF Author: Gary Bowen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781513655789
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Book Description
Who was Fray ("Friar") Servando Teresa de Mier? What did he do and what did he write? Fray Mier was born in 1763 in Monterrey, Mexico, and died in 1827 as a guest in Mexico's Presidential Palace. He came to be the most popular man in Mexico. Two centuries later, Fray Mier is unknown even in his native Mexico. Why and how did this happen? The life and writings of Fray Mier is a "Mier Paradox" described in Christianity in The Americas Before Columbus: Unfamiliar Origins and Insights. Dr. Mier's writings give unfamiliar origins and insights to the history of Mexico before and after Columbus. Mier writing: "And, who does not know of the blasphemies of the incredulous against the Christian religion, whose Divinity, they say, was testing them for sixteen centuries, up to crushing their bones, with its expansion into all the world by only twelve men, and with the universality of the Church; and in the end a New World was discovered where nothing was known of it? It is false. Throughout America, monuments and vestige evidences of Christianity were found, according to the unanimous testimony of the missionaries." Those early Catholic missionaries were the source of Fray Mier's research and writings. Mier wrote his "Farewell Letter to the Mexicans," 1820, while incarcerated in San Juan de Ullúa Fort. Mier's "Farewell Letter. . .," has this closing mandate: "My fellow countrymen stop howling and instruct yourselves. . . The Deists themselves today confess that the ancient preaching of the Gospel in America is beyond doubt." Pursuant to Fray Mier's mandate to his Mexican countrymen, we too must instruct ourselves on those early Catholic missionaries' writings, which give historical authenticity to the ancient preaching of the Gospel of Jesus Christ in the Americas before Columbus.

The Book of Prophecies

The Book of Prophecies PDF Author: Christopher Columbus
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1592446485
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 435

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Book Description
Christopher Columbus returned to Europe in the final days of 1500, ending his third voyage to the Indies not in triumph but in chains. Seeking to justify his actions and protect his rights, he began to compile biblical texts and excerpts from patristic writings and medieval theology in a manuscript known as the Book of Prophecies. This unprecedented collection was designed to support his vision of the discovery of the Indies as an important event in the process of human salvation - a first step toward the liberation of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim domination. This work is part of a twelve-volume series produced by U.C.L.A.'s Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies which involved the collaboration of some forty scholars over the course of fourteen years. In this volume of the series, Roberto Rusconi has written a complete historical introduction to the Book of Prophecies, describing the manuscript's history and analyzing its principal themes. His edition of the documents, the only modern one, includes a complete critical apparatus and detailed commentary, while the facing-page English translations allow Columbus's work to be appreciated by the general public and scholars alike.

Before Columbus

Before Columbus PDF Author: Charles C. Mann
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1416949003
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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Book Description
A companion book for young readers based upon the explorations of the Americas in 1491, before those of Christopher Columbus.

Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem

Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem PDF Author: Carol Delaney
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1439102325
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 338

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Book Description
FIVE HUNDRED YEARS AFTER HE SET SAIL, the dominant understanding of Christopher Columbus holds him responsible for almost everything that went wrong in the New World. Here, finally, is a book that will radically change our interpretation of the man and his mission. Scholar Carol Delaney claims that the true motivation for Columbus’s voyages is very different from what is commonly accepted. She argues that he was inspired to find a western route to the Orient not only to obtain vast sums of gold for the Spanish Crown but primarily to help fund a new crusade to take Jerusalem from the Muslims—a goal that sustained him until the day he died. Rather than an avaricious glory hunter, Delaney reveals Columbus as a man of deep passion, patience, and religious conviction. Delaney sets the stage by describing the tumultuous events that had beset Europe in the years leading up to Columbus’s birth—the failure of multiple crusades to keep Jerusalem in Christian hands; the devastation of the Black Plague; and the schisms in the Church. Then, just two years after his birth, the sacking of Constantinople by the Ottomans barred Christians from the trade route to the East and the pilgrimage route to Jerusalem. Columbus’s belief that he was destined to play a decisive role in the retaking of Jerusalem was the force that drove him to petition the Spanish monarchy to fund his journey, even in the face of ridicule about his idea of sailing west to reach the East. Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem is based on extensive archival research, trips to Spain and Italy to visit important sites in Columbus’s life story, and a close reading of writings from his day. It recounts the drama of the four voyages, bringing the trials of ocean navigation vividly to life and showing Columbus for the master navigator that he was. Delaney offers not an apologist’s take, but a clear-eyed, thought-provoking, and timely reappraisal of the man and his legacy. She depicts him as a thoughtful interpreter of the native cultures that he and his men encountered, and unfolds the tragic story of how his initial attempts to establish good relations with the natives turned badly sour, culminating in his being brought back to Spain as a prisoner in chains. Putting Columbus back into the context of his times, rather than viewing him through the prism of present-day perspectives on colonial conquests, Delaney shows him to have been neither a greedy imperialist nor a quixotic adventurer, as he has lately been depicted, but a man driven by an abiding religious passion.

Myths of the Rune Stone

Myths of the Rune Stone PDF Author: David M. Krueger
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 1452945438
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 181

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Book Description
What do our myths say about us? Why do we choose to believe stories that have been disproven? David M. Krueger takes an in-depth look at a legend that held tremendous power in one corner of Minnesota, helping to define both a community’s and a state’s identity for decades. In 1898, a Swedish immigrant farmer claimed to have discovered a large rock with writing carved into its surface in a field near Kensington, Minnesota. The writing told a North American origin story, predating Christopher Columbus’s exploration, in which Viking missionaries reached what is now Minnesota in 1362 only to be massacred by Indians. The tale’s credibility was quickly challenged and ultimately undermined by experts, but the myth took hold. Faith in the authenticity of the Kensington Rune Stone was a crucial part of the local Nordic identity. Accepted and proclaimed as truth, the story of the Rune Stone recast Native Americans as villains. The community used the account as the basis for civic celebrations for years, and advocates for the stone continue to promote its validity despite the overwhelming evidence that it was a hoax. Krueger puts this stubborn conviction in context and shows how confidence in the legitimacy of the stone has deep implications for a wide variety of Minnesotans who embraced it, including Scandinavian immigrants, Catholics, small-town boosters, and those who desired to commemorate the white settlers who died in the Dakota War of 1862. Krueger demonstrates how the resilient belief in the Rune Stone is a form of civil religion, with aspects that defy logic but illustrate how communities characterize themselves. He reveals something unique about America’s preoccupation with divine right and its troubled way of coming to terms with the history of the continent’s first residents. By considering who is included, who is left out, and how heroes and villains are created in the stories we tell about the past, Myths of the Rune Stone offers an enlightening perspective on not just Minnesota but the United States as well.

Personal Narrative of the First Voyage of Columbus to America

Personal Narrative of the First Voyage of Columbus to America PDF Author: Christopher Columbus
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : America
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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Book Description


African American Religion: A Very Short Introduction

African American Religion: A Very Short Introduction PDF Author: Eddie S. Glaude Jr.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199373140
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 161

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Book Description
Since the first African American denomination was established in Philadelphia in 1818, churches have gone beyond their role as spiritual guides in African American communities and have served as civic institutions, spaces for education, and sites for the cultivation of individuality and identities in the face of limited or non-existent freedom. In this Very Short Introduction, Eddie S. Glaude Jr. explores the history and circumstances of African American religion through three examples: conjure, African American Christianity, and African American Islam. He argues that the phrase "African American religion" is meaningful only insofar as it describes how through religion, African Americans have responded to oppressive conditions including slavery, Jim Crow apartheid, and the pervasive and institutionalized discrimination that exists today. This bold claim frames his interpretation of the historical record of the wide diversity of religious experiences in the African American community. He rejects the common tendency to racialize African American religious experiences as an inherent proclivity towards religiousness and instead focuses on how religious communities and experiences have developed in the African American community and the context in which these developments took place. About the Series: Oxford's Very Short Introductions series offers concise and original introductions to a wide range of subjects--from Islam to Sociology, Politics to Classics, Literary Theory to History, and Archaeology to the Bible. Not simply a textbook of definitions, each volume in this series provides trenchant and provocative--yet always balanced and complete--discussions of the central issues in a given discipline or field. Every Very Short Introduction gives a readable evolution of the subject in question, demonstrating how the subject has developed and how it has influenced society. Eventually, the series will encompass every major academic discipline, offering all students an accessible and abundant reference library. Whatever the area of study that one deems important or appealing, whatever the topic that fascinates the general reader, the Very Short Introductions series has a handy and affordable guide that will likely prove indispensable.

They Came Before Columbus

They Came Before Columbus PDF Author: Ivan Van Sertima
Publisher: Random House Trade Paperbacks
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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Book Description
"The African presence in ancient America"--Jacket subtitle.

Letter Of Christopher Columbus To Rafael Sanchez, Written On Board The Caravel While Returning From His First Voyage

Letter Of Christopher Columbus To Rafael Sanchez, Written On Board The Caravel While Returning From His First Voyage PDF Author: Christopher Columbus
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789354483202
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 40

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Book Description
Letter Of Christopher Columbus To Rafael Sanchez, Written On Board The Caravel While Returning From His First Voyage has been considered by academicians and scholars of great significance and value to literature. This forms a part of the knowledge base for future generations. So that the book is never forgotten we have represented this book in a print format as the same form as it was originally first published. Hence any marks or annotations seen are left intentionally to preserve its true nature.

Kingdom of Nauvoo: The Rise and Fall of a Religious Empire on the American Frontier

Kingdom of Nauvoo: The Rise and Fall of a Religious Empire on the American Frontier PDF Author: Benjamin E. Park
Publisher: Liveright Publishing
ISBN: 1631494872
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 303

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Book Description
Best Book Award • Mormon History Association A brilliant young historian excavates the brief life of a lost Mormon city, uncovering a “grand, underappreciated saga in American history” (Wall Street Journal). In Kingdom of Nauvoo, Benjamin E. Park draws on newly available sources to re-create the founding and destruction of the Mormon city of Nauvoo. On the banks of the Mississippi in Illinois, the early Mormons built a religious utopia, establishing their own army and writing their own constitution. For those offenses and others—including the introduction of polygamy, which was bitterly opposed by Emma Smith, the iron-willed first wife of Joseph Smith—the surrounding population violently ejected the Mormons, sending them on their flight to Utah. Throughout his absorbing chronicle, Park shows how the Mormons of Nauvoo were representative of their era, and in doing so elevates Mormon history into the American mainstream.