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Author: Michelle Landrum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dental caries in children
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
The occurrence of both childhood obesity and dental caries - which are disproportionately high in low-income families and minority groups in the United States - can have life-long negative consequences for individuals and communities. Previous research aimed at investigating the relationship between obesity and dental caries has been inconclusive, and limited among at-risk pre-school age populations. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI)-for-age and dental caries within a purposive sample of predominately Hispanic, low-income children enrolled in a Head Start preschool program in South Texas. A purposive sample of 237 children was randomly selected for secondary data analysis. Frequencies, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe and analyze the data. The sample consisted of predominately Hispanic (88.2%) children with a mean age of 3.6 years. Prevalence of obesity was 23.2%, and 46.8% had dental caries. Comparison of prevalence of caries (P=0.62), untreated decay (P=0.07), ECC (P=0.38), and dmf (P=0.88) by BMI categories resulted in no significant differences. Pearson correlation analyses found no positive relationship between dmf score and BMI-for-age percentile (r = 0.017), and logistic regression analyses showed no relationship between dmf and obesity (OR=1.00, CI=.05). Increases in children's BMI category classification was associated with a slight decreased likelihood of caries (OR=0.96, CI=.05) and ECC (OR=0.98, CI=.05), but an increased likelihood of untreated decay (OR=1.42, CI=.05). Although childhood obesity and dental caries share some common etiological and facilitating risk factors, this study supports other research that suggests higher rates of both diseases among at-risk populations simply coexists. An interprofessional approach between primary healthcare professionals, dental professionals and health educators can offer a unique opportunity to prevent and treat both prevalent childhood diseases.
Author: Michelle Landrum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dental caries in children
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
The occurrence of both childhood obesity and dental caries - which are disproportionately high in low-income families and minority groups in the United States - can have life-long negative consequences for individuals and communities. Previous research aimed at investigating the relationship between obesity and dental caries has been inconclusive, and limited among at-risk pre-school age populations. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI)-for-age and dental caries within a purposive sample of predominately Hispanic, low-income children enrolled in a Head Start preschool program in South Texas. A purposive sample of 237 children was randomly selected for secondary data analysis. Frequencies, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe and analyze the data. The sample consisted of predominately Hispanic (88.2%) children with a mean age of 3.6 years. Prevalence of obesity was 23.2%, and 46.8% had dental caries. Comparison of prevalence of caries (P=0.62), untreated decay (P=0.07), ECC (P=0.38), and dmf (P=0.88) by BMI categories resulted in no significant differences. Pearson correlation analyses found no positive relationship between dmf score and BMI-for-age percentile (r = 0.017), and logistic regression analyses showed no relationship between dmf and obesity (OR=1.00, CI=.05). Increases in children's BMI category classification was associated with a slight decreased likelihood of caries (OR=0.96, CI=.05) and ECC (OR=0.98, CI=.05), but an increased likelihood of untreated decay (OR=1.42, CI=.05). Although childhood obesity and dental caries share some common etiological and facilitating risk factors, this study supports other research that suggests higher rates of both diseases among at-risk populations simply coexists. An interprofessional approach between primary healthcare professionals, dental professionals and health educators can offer a unique opportunity to prevent and treat both prevalent childhood diseases.
Author: Isabelle Romieu
Publisher: IARC Working Group Report
ISBN: 9789283225195
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Understanding the relationship between energy balance and obesity is essential to develop effective prevention programs and policies. The International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a Working Group of world-leading experts in December 2015 to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries, and to consider the following scientific questions: (i) Are the drivers of the obesity epidemic related only to energy excess and/or do specific foods or nutrients play a major role in this epidemic? (ii) What are the factors that modulate these associations? (iii) Which types of data and/or studies will further improve our understanding? This book provides summaries of the evidence from the literature as well as the Working Group's conclusions and recommendations to tackle the global epidemic of obesity.
Author: Matthew Cooke
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Author: Elizabeth Waters
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444359290
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 459
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Book Description
Obesity is one of the biggest public health challenges in the 21st century. Devising effective policy and practice to combat childhood obesity is a high priority for many governments and health professionals internationally. This book brings together contributors from around the world and showcases the latest evidence-based research on community and policy interventions to prevent unhealthy weight gain and improve the health and well-being of children. The authors highlight from the evidence available what is and what is not effective and provide recommendations on how to implement and evaluate promising interventions for obesity prevention. This book is an essential read for all public health practitioners, early childhood professionals, health care providers and clinicians working to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity in their communities.
Author: Yan Myo Aung
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a global public health problem. Oral health is integral to the general health of a child, and has the potential to interact with growth and other systemic diseases. Understanding these relationships may bring us an opportunity to identify children at risk of poor health and improve their oral health. Aim This study investigates the association between ECC and (1) Body Mass Index (BMI) distribution and (2) non-dental hospital admissions in preschool children. Methods This thesis has two parts. Part I is a systematic review of published epidemiological studies, which assessed the associations of interest and were published in the English language. Part II involves analyses of oral health data of 523,535 children aged 5 years and under from 2008 to 2015 from oral health datasets (known as Titanium system) of the Northern Region. First, annual ECC prevalence rates were calculated for the Auckland and Northland districts separately and for sub-populations defined by European, Māori, Pacific, Asian and Other ethnic groups. Using the National Health Index (NHI) number, the data on 27,333 children who had oral health assessments at 5 years of age in 2014-2015 were linked to the Before School Check (B4SC) dataset and prior hospital discharge records. Then, the associations of ECC with BMI and prior hospital admissions (categorised as Potentially Avoidable Hospitalisations, Non- Dental (PAHND), respiratory admissions and injury admissions) were examined using logistic regression models. Results Part I: We identified 681 articles, of which 50 studies, which assessed the association between ECC and BMI were included. The findings varied widely, but many studies suggested an association of ECC with unfavourable outcomes (underweight or overweight). We found no study examining the association between ECC and non-dental-related hospital admissions. Part II: In oral health data analysis, a higher prevalence of ECC was identified among children living in the Northland district and Māori and Pacific children. There was a significant association of ECC with higher BMI (≥91st percentile BMI-for-age) and prior hospital admissions for injury at the age of 5 years, but no significant association was observed with PAHND and respiratory admissions. The association with obesity (OR 1.19 (0.99, 1.44)) was not significant but still higher than the association with overweight (OR 1.16 (1.02, 1.32)). The former may just reflect a smaller sample size as the confidence interval is wider. Conclusion Evidence of the association between ECC and BMI is variable. There is a lack of evidence of the association between ECC and non-dental hospital admissions in the existing literature. In this exploratory analysis involving 5-year-old children from the Northern Region of New Zealand, being overweight or obese and having been admitted for an injury were associated with an increased risk of ECC. Future research is required to confirm the findings to better understand the complex associations between ECC and other health conditions, and to develop broader health interventions aiming to improve the well-being of New Zealand children more holistically.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133408
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 435
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Book Description
Children's health has made tremendous strides over the past century. In general, life expectancy has increased by more than thirty years since 1900 and much of this improvement is due to the reduction of infant and early childhood mortality. Given this trajectory toward a healthier childhood, we begin the 21st-century with a shocking developmentâ€"an epidemic of obesity in children and youth. The increased number of obese children throughout the U.S. during the past 25 years has led policymakers to rank it as one of the most critical public health threats of the 21st-century. Preventing Childhood Obesity provides a broad-based examination of the nature, extent, and consequences of obesity in U.S. children and youth, including the social, environmental, medical, and dietary factors responsible for its increased prevalence. The book also offers a prevention-oriented action plan that identifies the most promising array of short-term and longer-term interventions, as well as recommendations for the roles and responsibilities of numerous stakeholders in various sectors of society to reduce its future occurrence. Preventing Childhood Obesity explores the underlying causes of this serious health problem and the actions needed to initiate, support, and sustain the societal and lifestyle changes that can reverse the trend among our children and youth.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309210283
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
Childhood obesity is a serious health problem that has adverse and long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. The magnitude of the problem has increased dramatically during the last three decades and, despite some indications of a plateau in this growth, the numbers remain stubbornly high. Efforts to prevent childhood obesity to date have focused largely on school-aged children, with relatively little attention to children under age 5. However, there is a growing awareness that efforts to prevent childhood obesity must begin before children ever enter the school system. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies reviews factors related to overweight and obese children from birth to age 5, with a focus on nutrition, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, and recommends policies that can alter children's environments to promote the maintenance of healthy weight. Because the first years of life are important to health and well-being throughout the life span, preventing obesity in infants and young children can contribute to reversing the epidemic of obesity in children and adults. The book recommends that health care providers make parents aware of their child's excess weight early. It also suggests that parents and child care providers keep children active throughout the day, provide them with healthy diets, limit screen time, and ensure children get adequate sleep. In addition to providing comprehensive solutions to tackle the problem of obesity in infants and young children, Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies identifies potential actions that could be taken to implement those recommendations. The recommendations can inform the decisions of state and local child care regulators, child care providers, health care providers, directors of federal and local child care and nutrition programs, and government officials at all levels.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309439248
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 115
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Book Description
Among the many troubling aspects of the rising prevalence of obesity in the United States and elsewhere in recent years, the growth of early childhood overweight and obesity stands out. To explore what is known about effective and innovative interventions to counter obesity in young children, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on Obesity Solutions held a workshop in October 2015. The workshop brought together many of the leading researchers on obesity in young children to describe the state of the science and potential solutions based on that research. Participants explored sustainable collaborations and new insights into the implementation of interventions and policies, particularly those related to nutrition and physical activity, for the treatment and prevention of obesity in young children. Obesity in the Early Childhood Years summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author: Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889638081
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Office of the Surgeon General
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Promotes the recognition, treatment, and prevention of conditions of overweight and obesity in the United States.
