Author: Jane Waldfogel
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN: 1610447018
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 281
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Book Description
In 1999, one in four British children lived in poverty—the third highest child poverty rate among industrialized countries. Five years later, the child poverty rate in Britain had fallen by more than half in absolute terms. How did the British government accomplish this and what can the United States learn from the British experience? Jane Waldfogel offers a sharp analysis of the New Labour government's anti-poverty agenda, its dramatic early success and eventual stalled progress. Comparing Britain's anti-poverty initiative to U.S. welfare reform, the book shows how the policies of both countries have affected child poverty, living standards, and well-being in low-income families and suggests next steps for future reforms. Britain's War on Poverty evaluates the three-pronged anti-poverty strategy employed by the British government and what these efforts accomplished. British reforms sought to promote work and make work pay, to increase financial support for families with children, and to invest in the health, early-life development, and education of children. The latter two features set the British reforms apart from the work-oriented U.S. welfare reforms, which did not specifically target income or program supports for children. Plagued by premature initiatives and what some experts called an overly ambitious agenda, the British reforms fell short of their intended goal but nevertheless significantly increased single-parent employment, raised incomes for low-income families, and improved child outcomes. Poverty has fallen, and the pattern of low-income family expenditures on child enrichment and healthy food has begun to converge with higher-income families. As Waldfogel sees it, further success in reducing child poverty in Britain will rely on understanding who is poor and who is at highest risk. More than half of poor children live in families where at least one parent is working, followed by unemployed single- and two-parent homes, respectively. Poverty rates are also notably higher for children with disabled parents, large families, and for Pakistani and Bangladeshi children. Based on these demographics, Waldfogel argues that future reforms must, among other goals, raise working-family incomes, provide more work for single parents, and better engage high-risk racial and ethnic minority groups. What can the United States learn from the British example? Britain's War on Poverty is a primer in the triumphs and pitfalls of protracted policy. Notable differences distinguish the British and U.S. models, but Waldfogel asserts that a future U.S. poverty agenda must specifically address child poverty and the income inequality that helps create it. By any measurement and despite obstacles, Britain has significantly reduced child poverty. The book's key lesson is that it can be done.
Author: Great Britain. Department for Work and Pensions
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780108511820
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Section 1 of the Child Poverty Act 2012 requires the Government to report on whether or not the target to reduce the number of children living in relative income poverty by half by 2012/11 from a 1998/99 base was met. This report finds that the target was not met: although the number of children living in relative income poverty reduced to 2.3 million, that figure is 600,000 short of the number required to meet the target. Despite some progress, not enough parents were able to move into work and progress in work. Work did not pay as well as it should, and the proportion of poor children who came from working households increased. Not all poor families received the financial support they were entitled to because the system was complicated and unclear. The fact that the target was not met, despite significant financial transfers, demonstrates that poverty does not have easy answers. Whilst income matters, child poverty will not be eradicated by income transfers alone. The root causes of poverty must be tackled: worklessness, poor educational attainment, health and high levels of personal debt. The Government is setting up a new Child Poverty and Social Mobility Commission to hold Government and other institutions to account on progress in improving social mobility and reducing child poverty. The Child Poverty Strategy will: intervene early to support children and strengthen families; drive up educational achievement and make work pay.
Author: Ian Thompson
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1447330900
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
Nuanced interconnections of poverty and educational attainment around the UK are surveyed in this unique analysis. Across the four jurisdictions of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, experts consider the impact of curriculum reforms and devolved policy making on the lives of children and young people in poverty. They investigate differences in educational ideologies and structures, and question whether they help or hinder schools seeking to support disadvantaged and marginalised groups. For academics and students engaged in education and social justice, this is a vital exploration of poverty’s profound effects on inequalities in educational attainment and the opportunities to improve school responses.
Author: Treanor, Morag C.
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1447334663
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Child poverty is rising across affluent Western societies; how it is measured is vital to how governments act to prevent, alleviate or eliminate it. While the roots of childhood poverty are fiercely debated and contested, they are all too often misrepresented in policy and media discourses. Seeking to redress this problem, Treanor places children’s experiences, needs and concerns at the centre of this critical examination of the contemporary policies and political discourses surrounding poverty in childhood. She examines a broad range of structural, institutional and ideological factors common across developed nations, and their impacts, to interrogate how poverty in childhood is conceptualised and operationalised in policy and to forge a radical pathway for an alternative future.
Author: Alberto Minujin Z.
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1847424813
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 623
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Book Description
This book brings together theoretical, methodological and policy-relevant contributions by leading researchers on international child poverty.
Author: Esther Dermott
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1447334221
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
How can we measure poverty in the United Kingdom today, and which measures are most reliable? Is poverty related to other problems and disadvantages? Based on the largest research study on UK poverty ever commissioned, these fascinating volumes answer these questions and more, providing the most authoritative and up-to-date picture ever assembled of poverty throughout the four countries of the United Kingdom. Using state-of-the-art measurement methods, Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK looks across geography, time, and key domains like health, employment, and housing to make enlightening--and sometimes shocking--comparisons. In the second volume, contributors consider different aspects of disadvantage, from access to local services, the world of work, the quality of housing and neighborhoods, and physical and mental health. They also look at wider aspects of social and community life, as well as participation in civic and political activities.
Author: Pantazis, Christina
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1861343736
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
Includes statistical tables and graphs.
Author: Bradshaw, Jonathan
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1447325672
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Book Description
Now in its fourth edition, this is the classic assessment of the state of child well-being in the United Kingdom. This edition has been updated to review the latest evidence, examining the outcomes for children of the impact of the economic crisis and austerity measures since 2008. It draws together a vast amount of robust empirical evidence and includes intra-UK and international comparisons. Edited by a highly regarded expert in the field, each chapter covers a different domain of child well-being, including health, wellbeing, housing and education. This is an invaluable resource for academics, students, practitioners and policy makers concerned with child welfare and wellbeing.
Author: Lucinda Platt
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1861345836
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Providing an at-a-glance guide to social change in the UK at the start of the new millennium, this book offers comparisons with the findings of the previous Census a decade ago. Many maps covering different topics illustrate the state of UK society today and how it is changing.
Author: UNICEF. Innocenti Research Centre
Publisher: UN
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
This report compares child wellbeing in developed countries around the world. It includes 3 parts. Part 1 presents a league table of child well-being and details performance in the areas of material well-being, healthy and safety, education, behaviours and risks, and housing and environment. Part 2 looks at subjective well-being, and features a league table of children's life satisfaction. Part 3 examines changes in child well-being in advanced economies over the first decade of the 2000s, looking at each country?s progress in educational achievement, teenage birth rates, childhood obesity levels, the prevalence of bullying, and the use of tobacco, alcohol and drugs. Note, Australia, Bulgaria, Chile, Cyprus, Israel, Japan, Malta, Mexico, New Zealand, the Republic of Korea, and Turkey were unable to be included in league tables, due to insufficient data, but their data is noted in individual sections when available.
