Author: Walter Franklin Congleton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90

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Author: E. T. Thompson
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: D. L. Strider
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ISBN:
Category : Canker (Plant disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Author: M. A. Chaldecott
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: John Tsiantos
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 774

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Author: M'Barek Fatmi
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Category : Clavibacter michiganensis
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Author: Yoko Takishita
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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"Bacterial canker disease, caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) is one of the most destructive diseases of tomato. The disease can cause substantial crop losses and has become a serious concern for both field and greenhouse tomato production. Existing control strategies, such as seed treatment and chemical control, have shown only limited efficacy in controlling this disease. Thus, effective control strategies need to be developed. A bacterial strain that shows antagonistic activity against Cmm in vitro was isolated from the rhizosphere of soybean. This PhD project investigated the potential of this newly isolated anti-Cmm strain for control of bacterial canker and plant growth promotion in tomato. The goal of the first study was to characterize the anti-Cmm bacterium. The results showed that this strain is a strain of Pseudomonas entomophila. The strain, now designated 23S, was able to solubilize phosphorus, to produce siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, and indole acetic acid, to resist against several common antibiotics, and to inhibit the growth of other plant pathogens. An in planta assay indicated that application of the P. entomophila 23S promoted the growth of tomato seedlings. The bacterial exo-proteomic study revealed that P. entomophila 23S was under stress conditions when interacting directly with Cmm, as it secreted stress-related proteins such as chaperons. The study demonstrated that P. entomophila 23S has significant potential as a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR).The goal of the second study was to isolate and characterize the anti-Cmm compounds produced by P. entomophila 23S. After butanol extraction, solid-phase-extraction (SPE), and purification by high-pressure-liquid-chromatography (HPLC), two anti-Cmm compounds were isolated. The LC/MS spectra suggested that their molecular formulas were C15H17N2O and C16H19N2O and that the two compounds had a quinoline ring and differed in terms of a methyl group within the side chain. Analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was unable to resolve the complete structure and this remains the subject of future study. In addition, among the four growth media evaluated, the production of anti-Cmm compounds was largest with the nutrient broth media where P. entomophila 23S growth was slowest. This study provided new information around the two novel anti-Cmm compounds. The goal of the third study was to investigate whether P. entomophila 23S could alleviate the severity of bacterial canker through induced systemic resistance (ISR), and to study the gene expression of PR1a, PI2, ACO, which are markers for salycilic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and, ethylene (ET), respectively. Under growth chamber conditions, two-week-old tomato plants were treated with P. entomophila 23S by soil drench and after 3, 5, and 7 days, were inoculated with Cmm, and grown for a further 3 weeks for the evaluation. The results showed that at 5 days: the disease progress was significantly delayed; the weights of dry shoots and roots, and the level of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaf tissue were significantly higher; and, the Cmm population in the stem was significantly lower for plants treated with P. entomophila 23S. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis indicated that treatment with P. entomophila 23S alone increased transcript abundance of PR1a in tomato plants while no change was detected for PI2 and ACO. When the plants were treated with P. entomophila 23S and inoculated with Cmm, transcripts of PR1a and ACO were accumulated, and these responses were faster and stronger than for plants inoculated with Cmm but not treated with P. entomophila 23S. The study indicated that P. entomophila 23S could induce ISR, where SA played roles in related signaling pathways. Overall, this project demonstrated a meaningful potential for the newly isolated rhizobacterium P. entomophila 23S to be used in tomato production"--

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 346

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Author: D.L. Strider
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110

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Author: D. W. Dye
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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