Author: Theodore Wells Pietsch
Publisher: Publications scientifiques du Muséum
ISBN: 285653905X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 410
Book Description
Never was a man so denied a place in history than Father Charles Plumier. Craftsman, illustrator, and engraver, but best known for his work as a botanist, Plumier devoted the better part of his life to collecting and illustrating plants and animals. Working nearly a century before the great eighteen-century describers of the untold number of new organisms flooding into Europe at the time, the major credit for Plumier's contributions to botany and zoology was given to others. Born at Marseille in 1646, Plumier was initially trained at the Convent of the Minims in mathematics and the physical sciences, but soon turned his attention to natural history, taking on the study of botany with great enthusiasm. He so impressed his superiors as a botanist, as well as through his extraordinary talents as an illustrator and engraver, that in 1689 he was appointed naturalist on an expedition to the French possessions in the Antilles for the purpose of collecting objects of natural history. The great success of this voyage, followed by two additional expeditions to the West Indies, provided a life-long pension, and earned him the title of “Botaniste du Roy.” Often ill and always anxious about the publication of his work, Plumier spent the last years of his life in his cell at the Minim Convent La Place Royale in Paris compiling his notes and drawings and preparing manuscripts for the press. While on his way to Peru to discover the tree that produces quinine, he suffered a sudden attack of pleurisy and died on 20 November 1704 at the age of 58. Plumier’s legacy survives in an enormous body of iconographic material still extant in the collections of the Bibliothèque Centrale du Museum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. While his botanical contributions have been described in some detail and many of his plant drawings have been published, his influence on zoology has been relatively unexplored and his animal drawings remain largely unpublished until now. This volume, the first of a series of monographs planned for the near future, designed to bring Plumier’s extraordinary work to light, imparts life to images that have been essentially lost from public view for more than three centuries.
Charles Plumier (1646-1704) and His Drawings of French and Caribbean Fishes
Author: Theodore Wells Pietsch
Publisher: Publications scientifiques du Muséum
ISBN: 285653905X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 410
Book Description
Never was a man so denied a place in history than Father Charles Plumier. Craftsman, illustrator, and engraver, but best known for his work as a botanist, Plumier devoted the better part of his life to collecting and illustrating plants and animals. Working nearly a century before the great eighteen-century describers of the untold number of new organisms flooding into Europe at the time, the major credit for Plumier's contributions to botany and zoology was given to others. Born at Marseille in 1646, Plumier was initially trained at the Convent of the Minims in mathematics and the physical sciences, but soon turned his attention to natural history, taking on the study of botany with great enthusiasm. He so impressed his superiors as a botanist, as well as through his extraordinary talents as an illustrator and engraver, that in 1689 he was appointed naturalist on an expedition to the French possessions in the Antilles for the purpose of collecting objects of natural history. The great success of this voyage, followed by two additional expeditions to the West Indies, provided a life-long pension, and earned him the title of “Botaniste du Roy.” Often ill and always anxious about the publication of his work, Plumier spent the last years of his life in his cell at the Minim Convent La Place Royale in Paris compiling his notes and drawings and preparing manuscripts for the press. While on his way to Peru to discover the tree that produces quinine, he suffered a sudden attack of pleurisy and died on 20 November 1704 at the age of 58. Plumier’s legacy survives in an enormous body of iconographic material still extant in the collections of the Bibliothèque Centrale du Museum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. While his botanical contributions have been described in some detail and many of his plant drawings have been published, his influence on zoology has been relatively unexplored and his animal drawings remain largely unpublished until now. This volume, the first of a series of monographs planned for the near future, designed to bring Plumier’s extraordinary work to light, imparts life to images that have been essentially lost from public view for more than three centuries.
Publisher: Publications scientifiques du Muséum
ISBN: 285653905X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 410
Book Description
Never was a man so denied a place in history than Father Charles Plumier. Craftsman, illustrator, and engraver, but best known for his work as a botanist, Plumier devoted the better part of his life to collecting and illustrating plants and animals. Working nearly a century before the great eighteen-century describers of the untold number of new organisms flooding into Europe at the time, the major credit for Plumier's contributions to botany and zoology was given to others. Born at Marseille in 1646, Plumier was initially trained at the Convent of the Minims in mathematics and the physical sciences, but soon turned his attention to natural history, taking on the study of botany with great enthusiasm. He so impressed his superiors as a botanist, as well as through his extraordinary talents as an illustrator and engraver, that in 1689 he was appointed naturalist on an expedition to the French possessions in the Antilles for the purpose of collecting objects of natural history. The great success of this voyage, followed by two additional expeditions to the West Indies, provided a life-long pension, and earned him the title of “Botaniste du Roy.” Often ill and always anxious about the publication of his work, Plumier spent the last years of his life in his cell at the Minim Convent La Place Royale in Paris compiling his notes and drawings and preparing manuscripts for the press. While on his way to Peru to discover the tree that produces quinine, he suffered a sudden attack of pleurisy and died on 20 November 1704 at the age of 58. Plumier’s legacy survives in an enormous body of iconographic material still extant in the collections of the Bibliothèque Centrale du Museum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. While his botanical contributions have been described in some detail and many of his plant drawings have been published, his influence on zoology has been relatively unexplored and his animal drawings remain largely unpublished until now. This volume, the first of a series of monographs planned for the near future, designed to bring Plumier’s extraordinary work to light, imparts life to images that have been essentially lost from public view for more than three centuries.
Charles Plumier (1646-1704) and His Drawings of French and Caribbean Fishes
Author: Theodore Wells Pietsch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Jamais un homme ne s'est autant vu refuser une place dans l'histoire que Charles Plumier. Artisan, dessinateur et graveur, mieux connu pour son œuvre de botaniste, Plumier a consacré la plus grande partie de sa vie à recueillir et dessiner des plantes et des animaux. Précédant de près d'un siècle les grands naturalistes du dix-huitième siècle dont les descriptions de nombreux nouveaux organismes ont inondé l'Europe à cette époque, le principal mérite de l'apport de Charles Plumier à la botanique et à la zoologie a été attribué à d'autres. Né à Marseille en 1646, Charles Plumier fut d'abord formé par les religieux du Couvent des Minimes aux mathématiques et aux sciences physiques, mais il se tourna rapidement vers l'histoire naturelle, se lançant dans l'étude de la botanique avec un grand enthousiasme. Il impressionna tellement ses supérieurs, tant par ses talents de botaniste que de dessinateur et de graveur qu'il fut engagé, en 1689, comme naturaliste à bord d'une expédition vers les possessions françaises des Antilles pour collecter des spécimens d'histoire naturelle. L'immense succès de son voyage, suivi par deux expéditions aux Antilles, lui assura un revenu à vie et lui valut le titre de Botaniste du roi. Souvent malade et toujours préoccupé par l'édition de son œuvre, le père Plumier passa les dernières années de sa vie dans la cellule du Couvent des Minimes de la Place royale de Paris à compiler ses notes et ses dessins et à préparer ses manuscrits pour l'édition. Alors qu'il avait entrepris un voyage vers le Pérou pour identifier l'arbre qui produit de la quinine, il fut victime d'une attaque de pleurésie et mourut le 20 novembre 1704 à l'âge de 58 ans. L'héritage de Charles Plumier s'incarne dans un corpus considérable de dessins toujours conservé dans les collections de la Bibliothèque centrale du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle à Paris. Si ses contributions à la botanique ont été étudiées de façon assez détaillée et un certain nombre de ses dessins...
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Jamais un homme ne s'est autant vu refuser une place dans l'histoire que Charles Plumier. Artisan, dessinateur et graveur, mieux connu pour son œuvre de botaniste, Plumier a consacré la plus grande partie de sa vie à recueillir et dessiner des plantes et des animaux. Précédant de près d'un siècle les grands naturalistes du dix-huitième siècle dont les descriptions de nombreux nouveaux organismes ont inondé l'Europe à cette époque, le principal mérite de l'apport de Charles Plumier à la botanique et à la zoologie a été attribué à d'autres. Né à Marseille en 1646, Charles Plumier fut d'abord formé par les religieux du Couvent des Minimes aux mathématiques et aux sciences physiques, mais il se tourna rapidement vers l'histoire naturelle, se lançant dans l'étude de la botanique avec un grand enthousiasme. Il impressionna tellement ses supérieurs, tant par ses talents de botaniste que de dessinateur et de graveur qu'il fut engagé, en 1689, comme naturaliste à bord d'une expédition vers les possessions françaises des Antilles pour collecter des spécimens d'histoire naturelle. L'immense succès de son voyage, suivi par deux expéditions aux Antilles, lui assura un revenu à vie et lui valut le titre de Botaniste du roi. Souvent malade et toujours préoccupé par l'édition de son œuvre, le père Plumier passa les dernières années de sa vie dans la cellule du Couvent des Minimes de la Place royale de Paris à compiler ses notes et ses dessins et à préparer ses manuscrits pour l'édition. Alors qu'il avait entrepris un voyage vers le Pérou pour identifier l'arbre qui produit de la quinine, il fut victime d'une attaque de pleurésie et mourut le 20 novembre 1704 à l'âge de 58 ans. L'héritage de Charles Plumier s'incarne dans un corpus considérable de dessins toujours conservé dans les collections de la Bibliothèque centrale du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle à Paris. Si ses contributions à la botanique ont été étudiées de façon assez détaillée et un certain nombre de ses dessins...
Frogfishes
Author: Theodore W. Pietsch
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN: 1421432528
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 619
Book Description
The authoritative expert's guide to fascinating frogfishes and their unusual lives. Winner of the PROSE Award for Best Single Volume Reference in Science by the Association of American Publishers Unique among the world's fishes, frogfishes display a bizarre combination of attributes and behaviors that make them a subject of fervent study. Through cunning and trickery, they turn would-be predators into prey; they "walk" across the ocean floor and jet-propel through open water; some lay their eggs in a floating mucoid mass, while others employ complex patterns of parental care; and they are certainly among the most colorful of nature's productions. In Frogfishes, two of the world's leading anglerfish experts, Theodore W. Pietsch and Rachel J. Arnold, bring together an enormous amount of information about these incredible creatures. The only detailed exploration of frogfishes in print, the book touches on everything from their morphology and biomechanics to their diets and habitats. Enhanced with more than 500 spectacular color images, the book also includes • a thorough look at about 5,000 preserved specimens; • an annotated synonymy for all extant taxa, as well as keys and tables to facilitate identification; • insights into frogfish feeding, locomotion, mimicry, and reproductive behavior; • descriptions of recent scientific advances, including the discovery of new species, shifts in geographic distribution, and emerging DNA sequencing techniques; and • tips for frogfish-seeking divers and aquarists that emphasize conservation. Unmasking the mysteries of frogfish evolution and phylogenetic relationships through close examination of their fossil record, morphology, and molecular reconstruction, Frogfishes demonstrates the surprising diversity and beauty of this remarkable assemblage of marine shorefishes.
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN: 1421432528
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 619
Book Description
The authoritative expert's guide to fascinating frogfishes and their unusual lives. Winner of the PROSE Award for Best Single Volume Reference in Science by the Association of American Publishers Unique among the world's fishes, frogfishes display a bizarre combination of attributes and behaviors that make them a subject of fervent study. Through cunning and trickery, they turn would-be predators into prey; they "walk" across the ocean floor and jet-propel through open water; some lay their eggs in a floating mucoid mass, while others employ complex patterns of parental care; and they are certainly among the most colorful of nature's productions. In Frogfishes, two of the world's leading anglerfish experts, Theodore W. Pietsch and Rachel J. Arnold, bring together an enormous amount of information about these incredible creatures. The only detailed exploration of frogfishes in print, the book touches on everything from their morphology and biomechanics to their diets and habitats. Enhanced with more than 500 spectacular color images, the book also includes • a thorough look at about 5,000 preserved specimens; • an annotated synonymy for all extant taxa, as well as keys and tables to facilitate identification; • insights into frogfish feeding, locomotion, mimicry, and reproductive behavior; • descriptions of recent scientific advances, including the discovery of new species, shifts in geographic distribution, and emerging DNA sequencing techniques; and • tips for frogfish-seeking divers and aquarists that emphasize conservation. Unmasking the mysteries of frogfish evolution and phylogenetic relationships through close examination of their fossil record, morphology, and molecular reconstruction, Frogfishes demonstrates the surprising diversity and beauty of this remarkable assemblage of marine shorefishes.
Nature's Messenger
Author: Patrick Dean
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1639364145
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 201
Book Description
A dynamic and fresh exploration of the naturalist Mark Catesby—who predated John James Audubon by nearly a century— and his influence on how we understand American wildlife. In 1722, Mark Catesby stepped ashore in Charles Town in the Carolina colony. Over the next four years, this young naturalist made history as he explored deep into America’s natural wonders, collecting and drawing plants and animals which had never been seen back in the Old World. Nine years later Catesby produced his magnificent and groundbreaking book, The Natural History of Carolina, the first-ever illustrated account of American flora and fauna. In Nature’s Messenger, acclaimed writer Patrick Dean follows Catesby from his youth as a landed gentleman in rural England to his early work as a naturalist and his adventurous travels. A pioneer in many ways, Catesby’s careful attention to the knowledge of non-Europeans in America—the enslaved Africans and Native Americans who had their own sources of food and medicine from nature—set him apart from others of his time. Nature’s Messenger takes us from the rice plantations of the Carolina Lowcountry to the bustling coffeehouses of 18th-century England, from the sun-drenched islands of the Bahamas to the austere meeting-rooms of London’s Royal Society, then presided over by Isaac Newton. It was a time of discovery, of intellectual ferment, and of the rise of the British Empire. And there on history’s leading edge, recording the extraordinary and often violent mingling of cultures as well as of nature, was Mark Catesby. Intensively researched and thrillingly told, Nature’s Messenger will thrill fans of exploration and early American history as well as appeal to birdwatchers, botanists, and anyone fascinated by the natural world.
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1639364145
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 201
Book Description
A dynamic and fresh exploration of the naturalist Mark Catesby—who predated John James Audubon by nearly a century— and his influence on how we understand American wildlife. In 1722, Mark Catesby stepped ashore in Charles Town in the Carolina colony. Over the next four years, this young naturalist made history as he explored deep into America’s natural wonders, collecting and drawing plants and animals which had never been seen back in the Old World. Nine years later Catesby produced his magnificent and groundbreaking book, The Natural History of Carolina, the first-ever illustrated account of American flora and fauna. In Nature’s Messenger, acclaimed writer Patrick Dean follows Catesby from his youth as a landed gentleman in rural England to his early work as a naturalist and his adventurous travels. A pioneer in many ways, Catesby’s careful attention to the knowledge of non-Europeans in America—the enslaved Africans and Native Americans who had their own sources of food and medicine from nature—set him apart from others of his time. Nature’s Messenger takes us from the rice plantations of the Carolina Lowcountry to the bustling coffeehouses of 18th-century England, from the sun-drenched islands of the Bahamas to the austere meeting-rooms of London’s Royal Society, then presided over by Isaac Newton. It was a time of discovery, of intellectual ferment, and of the rise of the British Empire. And there on history’s leading edge, recording the extraordinary and often violent mingling of cultures as well as of nature, was Mark Catesby. Intensively researched and thrillingly told, Nature’s Messenger will thrill fans of exploration and early American history as well as appeal to birdwatchers, botanists, and anyone fascinated by the natural world.
Networks and Practices of Connoisseurship in the Global Eighteenth Century
Author: Valérie Kobi
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 311098508X
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 254
Book Description
Das 18. Jahrhundert war das Zeitalter der Kunstkenner: in und zugleich Ära eines globalen Bewusstseins, das aus dem sich beschleunigenden Handel und imperialen Eroberungen hervorging. Diese Publikation bringt die Kennerschaft, die sich als empirische Methode der Kunstanalyse in Europa und Asien etablierte, in einen Dialog mit der zunehmenden Auseinandersetzung mit unterschiedlichen Formen des Kunstschaffens, die im Verlauf des langen 18. Jahrhunderts durch lokale und globale Netzwerke ermöglicht wurde. Die Autor: innen des Buches nehmen Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Indien, Japan, China und Europa in den Blick und untersuchen, wie sich Begegnungen mit Kunstwerken aus verschiedenen Regionen der Welt auf die Praxis der Kunstkennerschaft in Asien und Europa auswirkten. Praktiken und Netzwerke in Indien, Japan und Europa des 18. Jahrhunderts Komplexität und Asymmetrien der Kunstkennerschaft in einer expandierenden Welt
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 311098508X
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 254
Book Description
Das 18. Jahrhundert war das Zeitalter der Kunstkenner: in und zugleich Ära eines globalen Bewusstseins, das aus dem sich beschleunigenden Handel und imperialen Eroberungen hervorging. Diese Publikation bringt die Kennerschaft, die sich als empirische Methode der Kunstanalyse in Europa und Asien etablierte, in einen Dialog mit der zunehmenden Auseinandersetzung mit unterschiedlichen Formen des Kunstschaffens, die im Verlauf des langen 18. Jahrhunderts durch lokale und globale Netzwerke ermöglicht wurde. Die Autor: innen des Buches nehmen Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Indien, Japan, China und Europa in den Blick und untersuchen, wie sich Begegnungen mit Kunstwerken aus verschiedenen Regionen der Welt auf die Praxis der Kunstkennerschaft in Asien und Europa auswirkten. Praktiken und Netzwerke in Indien, Japan und Europa des 18. Jahrhunderts Komplexität und Asymmetrien der Kunstkennerschaft in einer expandierenden Welt
Caribbean Globalizations, 1492 to the Present Day
Author: Eva Sansavior
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 1781381518
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 288
Book Description
Prologue: Globalization, globality, globe-stone / Patrick Chamoiseau -- Introduction / Eva Sansavior and Richard Scholar -- The archipelago goes global: late Glissant and the early modern isolario / Richard Scholar -- How globalization invented Indians in the Caribbean / Patricia Seed -- Precocious modernity: environmental change in the early Caribbean / Philip D. Morgan -- 'Slaves' in my family: French modes of servitude in the New World / Christopher L. Miller -- Paradoxical encounters: the essay as a space of globalization in Montaigne's 'Des cannibales' and Maryse Conde's "O brave new world' / Eva Sansavior -- Tobacco: the commodification of the Caribbean and the origins of globalization / Guillaume Pigeard de Gurbert -- The amaranth paradigm: Amerindian indigenous glocality in the Caribbean / Judith Misrahi-Barak -- Aluminium: globalizing Caribbean mobilities, Caribbeanizing global mobilities / Mimi Sheller -- Race and modernity in Hispaniola: tropical matters and development perspectives / David Howard -- Local, national, regional, global: Glissant and the postcolonial manifesto / Charles Forsdick -- Tropical apocalypse: globalization and the Caribbean end times / Martin Munro
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 1781381518
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 288
Book Description
Prologue: Globalization, globality, globe-stone / Patrick Chamoiseau -- Introduction / Eva Sansavior and Richard Scholar -- The archipelago goes global: late Glissant and the early modern isolario / Richard Scholar -- How globalization invented Indians in the Caribbean / Patricia Seed -- Precocious modernity: environmental change in the early Caribbean / Philip D. Morgan -- 'Slaves' in my family: French modes of servitude in the New World / Christopher L. Miller -- Paradoxical encounters: the essay as a space of globalization in Montaigne's 'Des cannibales' and Maryse Conde's "O brave new world' / Eva Sansavior -- Tobacco: the commodification of the Caribbean and the origins of globalization / Guillaume Pigeard de Gurbert -- The amaranth paradigm: Amerindian indigenous glocality in the Caribbean / Judith Misrahi-Barak -- Aluminium: globalizing Caribbean mobilities, Caribbeanizing global mobilities / Mimi Sheller -- Race and modernity in Hispaniola: tropical matters and development perspectives / David Howard -- Local, national, regional, global: Glissant and the postcolonial manifesto / Charles Forsdick -- Tropical apocalypse: globalization and the Caribbean end times / Martin Munro
Sea and Land
Author: Philip D. Morgan
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0197555454
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 465
Book Description
The first comprehensive environmental synthesis of the Caribbean region, written by eminent scholars of the topic.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0197555454
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 465
Book Description
The first comprehensive environmental synthesis of the Caribbean region, written by eminent scholars of the topic.
Research in Fisheries
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fisheries
Languages : en
Pages : 298
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fisheries
Languages : en
Pages : 298
Book Description
Bradleya
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cactus
Languages : en
Pages : 978
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cactus
Languages : en
Pages : 978
Book Description
The drawings of Antoine Nicolas Duchesne for his Natural History of the Gourds
Author: Harry S. Paris
Publisher: Publications scientifiques du Muséum
ISBN: 2856539076
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 429
Book Description
For the first time, this book makes available to a wide readership, not only to an educated audience, high-resolution reproductions of all the 258 paintings of gourds of the genus Cucurbita, figuring about a hundred cultivars, kept at the Bibliothèque centrale of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, made in the 18th century by the talentuous Antoine Nicolas Duchesne, of the Royal Garden in Versailles, a forerunner of genetics and evolution. This book by Dr. Harry Paris, a leading expert of Cucurbitaceae, is written both in English and French and is aimed at scientists (e.g., botanists, geneticists, agronomists, horticulturists, science historians) as well as more general readers including gardeners, above all those very numerous fond of cultivated plants, particularly of Cucurbitaceae. Its large format (320 x 440 mm), the diversity and magnificence of its plates and the beauty of its presentation will also attract bibliophiles. This volume is not only the first publication to contain Duchesne’s naming and classification of the three economically most important species of Cucurbita, it also contains Duchesne’s summary of his investigations with this genus. The plates are accompanied by reprinting of appropriate abstracts from Duchesne’s Essai sur l’histoire naturelle des courges together with, by Harry Paris, commentaries on the illustrations with an analysis of existing published and unpublished documents concerning these plates. As for his work on strawberries, here once again is stressed the unfailing tenaciousness and extraordinary sense of observation of Antoine Nicolas Duchesne coupled with quite original and premonitory evolutionary ideas.
Publisher: Publications scientifiques du Muséum
ISBN: 2856539076
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 429
Book Description
For the first time, this book makes available to a wide readership, not only to an educated audience, high-resolution reproductions of all the 258 paintings of gourds of the genus Cucurbita, figuring about a hundred cultivars, kept at the Bibliothèque centrale of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, made in the 18th century by the talentuous Antoine Nicolas Duchesne, of the Royal Garden in Versailles, a forerunner of genetics and evolution. This book by Dr. Harry Paris, a leading expert of Cucurbitaceae, is written both in English and French and is aimed at scientists (e.g., botanists, geneticists, agronomists, horticulturists, science historians) as well as more general readers including gardeners, above all those very numerous fond of cultivated plants, particularly of Cucurbitaceae. Its large format (320 x 440 mm), the diversity and magnificence of its plates and the beauty of its presentation will also attract bibliophiles. This volume is not only the first publication to contain Duchesne’s naming and classification of the three economically most important species of Cucurbita, it also contains Duchesne’s summary of his investigations with this genus. The plates are accompanied by reprinting of appropriate abstracts from Duchesne’s Essai sur l’histoire naturelle des courges together with, by Harry Paris, commentaries on the illustrations with an analysis of existing published and unpublished documents concerning these plates. As for his work on strawberries, here once again is stressed the unfailing tenaciousness and extraordinary sense of observation of Antoine Nicolas Duchesne coupled with quite original and premonitory evolutionary ideas.