Characteristics of Women Attending Sydney Sexual Health Centre at Risk of Unintended Pregnancy Through Non-use of Contraception PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Characteristics of Women Attending Sydney Sexual Health Centre at Risk of Unintended Pregnancy Through Non-use of Contraception PDF full book. Access full book title Characteristics of Women Attending Sydney Sexual Health Centre at Risk of Unintended Pregnancy Through Non-use of Contraception by Alison Mary Ward. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Alison Mary Ward
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Birth control
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Alison Mary Ward
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Birth control
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Jessica Maria Seide
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
Get Book Here
Book Description
PERCEPTIONS OF RISK ASSOCIATED WITH UNINTENDED PREGNANCY AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONG UNIVERSITY WOMEN ATTENDING MINNESEOTA STATE UNIVERSITY, MANKATO ABSTRACT By: Jessica Seide Unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections are preventable, yet there is still a high occurrence of both among university women. This study evaluated perceptions of risk associated with unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections among selected university women aged 18-25. This study identified whether women's perceptions of risk affected their decision to take certain precautions to prevent pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. This study also examined whether there was a relationship between perceptions of risk associated with unintended pregnancies and perceptions of risk associated with sexually transmitted infections and some of the variables that are associated with that relationship. This study identified whether university women used a mode of birth control, how often the method was used and their reasons for choosing methods and the factors that influence their use of birth control. Finally, the theoretical framework of the Health Belief Model was applied to this study to better understand university women's perceived risks of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Data were collected using a paper survey instrument that was administered in selected classrooms at Minnesota State University, Mankato. Descriptive statistics of student demographics were computed, such as mean age, sexual orientation and sexual activity level. Linear correlations and t-tests were done using SPSS Statistical Software version 18. This study found that women attending Minnesota State University, Mankato concepts of personal perceived risk and other women's perceived risk of both an unintended pregnancy and becoming infected with a sexually transmitted infection were not consistent. Inconsistency between beliefs and practices in regards to birth control/ protection choices were also found. A significant difference was found between the attitudes of dating and single participants toward the withdrawal method's effectiveness of preventing pregnancy, perceived risk of becoming pregnant without the use of protection/birth control and perceived risk of becoming infected with a sexually transmitted infection without protection. This study also showed that there was a lack of knowledge of HIV testing.
Author: Sarah Murphy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political planning
Languages : en
Pages : 94
Get Book Here
Book Description
Nearly half of all pregnancies in the United States each year are unintended, resulting in a large taxpayer burden and undesirable consequences for both mothers and their children. While the majority of unintended pregnancies occur among women who were not using contraception, this subgroup remains largely understudied. A woman’s prior experience of rape is an understudied correlate of contraceptive behavior. This paper examines the relationship between nonuse of contraceptives and prior experience of rape among a nationally representative sample of adult women in the United States who are at risk of unintended pregnancy. In logistic regression models accounting for a rich set of controls, no relationship is found between rape and noncontraception. These findings indicate that the experience of sexual assault may not impact women’s contraceptive behavior.
Author: Min S. Chung-Park
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Birth control
Languages : en
Pages : 200
Get Book Here
Book Description
Studies have shown that a structured education program for women decreases risky sexual behavior identified as vulnerable for AIDS. However, the outcomes from a structured, repeated, educational intervention in reducing the rates of unintended pregnancies have not been studied in military females who are considered as a high risk. The purpose of this quasi-experimental longitudinal study was to implement and evaluate the effects of a reproductive health educational program regarding knowledge, attitudes, decisional balance, self-efficacy, stages of change, and contraceptive use, and to identify independent variables most likely to predict behavior change in the use of contraceptives among single, active duty women during the 4-month study period. The theoretical framework for this study was based on the proposed Contraceptive Behavior Change Model. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, contingency tables using chi square, two-way repeated measures ANOVA, regression, and correlation were used to analyze data from the sample of 104 Navy enlisted females recruited from the ships in San Diego, CA. In this study, the program was effective in increasing knowledge and repetitive intervention proved a better long-term effect in knowledge retention. A significant difference in a positive attitude change over time was seen in the experimental group, making subjects more accepting about contraception and family planning. Study variables of knowledge and stages of change correlated positively with contraceptive use, while knowledge, decisional balance measure, cons, and self-efficacy correlated with attitude. Regression analyses indicated that knowledge and stages of change over 4 months of the program explained 90% (experimental group) and 64% (control group) of the variance in contraceptive use at the end of the program. There was a decrease in sexual activity and greater use of contraceptive methods over time among sexually active individuals in the experimental group, leading to decreased unintended pregnancies. The reduced rate has the potential benefit of a significant cost-savings to the society, as well as improved mobilization readiness and quality of life for sailors and their families. In addition to implementing effective interventions to reduce unintended pregnancy, future research is needed to examine issues surrounding contraceptive non-use and/or to investigate the motivational components of adolescent pregnancy.
Author: Committee on Unintended Pregnancy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 404
Get Book Here
Book Description
of pregnancies among adolescents--are not planned. This book offers a timely exploration of family planning issues from a distinguished panel of experts. It offers specific recommendations to put the U.S. on par with other developed nations in terms of contraceptive attitudes and policies, and it considers the effectiveness of over 20 pregnancy prevention programs.
Author: S. S. Abdool Karim
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781139487931
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 612
Get Book Here
Book Description
This second edition of the book provides up-to-date information on new drugs, new proven HIV prevention interventions, a new chapter on positive prevention, and current HIV epidemiology. This definitive text covers all aspects of HIV/AIDS in South Africa, from basic science to medicine, sociology, economics and politics. It has been written by a highly respected team of South African HIV/AIDS experts and provides a thoroughly researched account of the epidemic in the region.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241564984
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Get Book Here
Book Description
This report demonstrates the relationship between sexual health, human rights and the law. Drawing from a review of public health evidence and extensive research into human rights law at international, regional and national levels, the report shows how states in different parts of the world can and do support sexual health through legal and other mechanisms that are consistent with human rights standards and their own human rights obligations.
Author: Lisa Susanne Callegari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 25
Get Book Here
Book Description
To identify risk factors associated with contraceptive nonuse among obese women. We performed a case control study of 20-44 year old, sexually active, obese women (body mass index > 30) at risk of unintended pregnancy using the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth. We defined cases as contraceptive nonusers and controls as users of any contraceptive method. We assessed demographic, reproductive, behavioral, and health services factors associated with nonuse using generalized linear models with a log-link function to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Of 1,359 obese respondents at risk of unintended pregnancy, 21.4% were nonusers (n=292). In our multivariable model, nonusers users compared to users were more likely to be age 35-39 (aRR 1.65, 95%CI 1.05-2.59), non-Hispanic black (aRR 1.43, 95%CI 1.03-2.00), single (1.44, 95%CI 1.04-2.00), parous with 1 prior birth (aRR 1.52, 95%CI 1.07-2.15) or >2 births (aRR 1.57, 95%CI 1.10-2.23); to have infrequent sex (aRR 1.67, 95%CI 1.27-2.22); and to perceive difficulty becoming pregnant (aRR 1.89, 95%CI 1.42-2.53). Obese nonusers did not differ significantly from users in socioeconomic indicators. Compared to users, nonusers were less likely to have discussed contraception with a health care provider (OR 0.45, 95%CI 0.31-0.65). Efforts to decrease contraceptive nonuse among obese women should focus on older, non-Hispanic black, single, parous women across all socioeconomic strata. Increasing contraceptive counseling by providers may improve contraceptive uptake, especially among obese women who have infrequent sex and who perceive difficulty becoming pregnant. 0́3
Author: IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 692
Get Book Here
Book Description
Evaluates evidence for an increased risk of cancer in women using combined oral contraceptives, progestogen-only hormonal contraceptives, post-menopausal estrogen therapy, and post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy. Although the carcinogenicity of these preparations has been extensively investigated, the book stresses the many complex methodological issues that must be considered when interpreting findings and weighing results. Evidence of an association between use of these preparations and positive effects on health, including a reduced risk of some cancers, is also critically assessed. The first and most extensive monograph evaluates evidence of an association between the use of combined oral contraceptives and cancer at nine sites. Concerning breast cancer, the evaluation concludes that, even if the association is causal, the excess risk for breast cancer associated with patterns of use that are typical today is very small. Studies of predominantly high-dose preparations found an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of hepatitis viruses. Citing these findings, the evaluation concludes that there is sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of combined oral contraceptives. The evaluation also found sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of some, but not all, combined preparations in animals. Combined oral contraceptives were classified as carcinogenic to humans. The evaluation also cites conclusive evidence that these agents have a protective effect against cancers of the ovary and endometrium. Progestogen-only contraceptives are evaluated in the second monograph, which considers the association with cancer at six sites. The evaluation found no evidence of an increased risk for breast cancer. Although the evaluation found sufficient evidence in animals for the carcinogenicity of medroxyprogesterone acetate, evidence for the carcinogenicity of progestogen-only contraceptives in humans was judged inadequate. Progestogen-only contraceptives were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The third monograph, on post-menopausal estrogen therapy, considers evidence of an association with cancer at eight sites. Findings from a large number of epidemiological studies indicate a small increase in the risk of breast cancer in women who have used these preparations for five years or more. Studies consistently show an association between use of post-menopausal estrogen therapy and an increased risk for endometrial cancer. Data on the association with other cancers were either inconclusive or suggested no effect on risk. The evaluation concludes that post-menopausal estrogen therapy is carcinogenic to humans. The final monograph evaluates the association between the use of post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy and cancer at four sites. The evaluation of limited data on breast cancer found an increased relative risk observed with long-term use. Data were judged insufficient to assess the effects of past use and of different progestogen compounds, doses, and treatment schedules. For endometrial cancer, the evaluation found an increase in risk relative to non-users when the progestogen was added to the cycle for 10 days or fewer. Post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Concerning post-menopausal therapy in general, the book notes that evidence of carcinogenic risks must be placed in perspective of potential benefits. The prevention of osteoporotic fractures is cited as the best-established benefit. Evidence also suggests that estrogen prevents heart disease and may prevent memory loss and dementia.
Author: Jeni Klugman
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464803609
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 239
Get Book Here
Book Description
Despite recent advances in important aspects of the lives of girls and women, pervasive challenges remain. These challenges reflect widespread deprivations and constraints and include epidemic levels of gender-based violence and discriminatory laws and norms that prevent women from owning property, being educated, and making meaningful decisions about their own lives--such as whether and when to marry or have children. These often violate their most basic rights and are magnified and multiplied by poverty and lack of education. This groundbreaking book distills vast data and hundreds of studies to shed new light on deprivations and constraints facing the voice and agency of women and girls worldwide, and on the associated costs for individuals, families, communities, and global development. The volume presents major new findings about the patterns of constraints and overlapping deprivations and focuses on several areas key to women s empowerment: freedom from violence, sexual and reproductive health and rights, ownership of land and housing, and voice and collective action. It highlights promising reforms and interventions from around the world and lays out an urgent agenda for governments, civil society, development agencies, and other stakeholders, including a call for greater investment in data and knowledge to benchmark progress.
