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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: H.J. Forman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461559812
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 484

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In the past few years there has been the increased recognition that the effects of oxidative stress are not limited to the damage of cellular constituents. There is now evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can alter cell function by acting upon the intermediates, or second messengers, in signal transductions. Such effects on signaling mechanisms probably account for the role of oxidative stress in inflammation, aging, and cancer. This volume brings together internationally recognized researchers in both the major areas covered by the book, oxidative stress and signal transduction. The work is organized in three sections. The first deals with the immediate cellular responses to oxidative stress and the production of second messengers. The second details the connection between second messengers and the gene. The third part looks more closely at the level of the gene.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Author: Stefan Hohmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540456112
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 398

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Every cell has developed mechanisms to respond to changes in its environment and to adapt its growth and metabolism to unfavorable conditions. The unicellular eukaryote yeast has long proven as a particularly useful model system for the analysis of cellular stress responses, and the completion of the yeast genome sequence has only added to its power This volume comprehensively reviews both the basic features of the yeast genral stress response and the specific adapations to different stress types (nutrient depletion, osmotic and heat shock as well as salt and oxidative stress). It includes the latest findings in the field and discusses the implications for the analysis of stress response mechanisms in higher eukaryotes as well.

Author: R. Lipowsky
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080541917
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 537

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The first volume of the Handbook deals with the amazing world of biomembranes and lipid bilayers. Part A describes all aspects related to the morphology of these membranes, beginning with the complex architecture of biomembranes, continues with a description of the bizarre morphology of lipid bilayers and concludes with technological applications of these membranes. The first two chapters deal with biomembranes, providing an introduction to the membranes of eucaryotes and a description of the evolution of membranes. The following chapters are concerned with different aspects of lipids including the physical properties of model membranes composed of lipid-protein mixtures, lateralphase separation of lipids and proteins and measurement of lipid-protein bilayer diffusion. Other chapters deal with the flexibility of fluid bilayers, the closure of bilayers into vesicles which attain a large variety of different shapes, and applications of lipid vesicles and liposomes. Part B covers membrane adhesion, membrane fusion and the interaction of biomembranes withpolymer networks such as the cytoskeleton. The first two chapters of this part discuss the generic interactions of membranes from the conceptual point of view. The following two chapters summarize the experimental work on two different bilayer systems. The next chapter deals with the process ofcontact formation, focal bounding and macroscopic contacts between cells. The cytoskeleton within eucaryotic cells consists of a network of relatively stiff filaments of which three different types of filaments have been identified. As explained in the next chapter much has been recently learned aboutthe interaction of these filaments with the cell membrane. The final two chapters deal with membrane fusion.

Author: Claes Molin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789162879808
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26

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Author: Dirk Inze
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203303148
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 417

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Plants depend on physiological mechanisms to combat adverse environmental conditions, such as pathogen attack, wounding, drought, cold, freezing, salt, UV, intense light, heavy metals and SO2. Many of these cause excess production of active oxygen species in plant cells. Plants have evolved complex defense systems against such oxidative stress. The

Author: Carl B. Schreck
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128027371
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 604

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Biology of Stress in Fish: Fish Physiology provides a general understanding on the topic of stress biology, including most of the recent advances in the field. The book starts with a general discussion of stress, providing answers to issues such as its definition, the nature of the physiological stress response, and the factors that affect the stress response. It also considers the biotic and abiotic factors that cause variation in the stress response, how the stress response is generated and controlled, its effect on physiological and organismic function and performance, and applied assessment of stress, animal welfare, and stress as related to model species. Provides the definitive reference on stress in fish as written by world-renowned experts in the field Includes the most recent advances and up-to-date thinking about the causes of stress in fish, their implications, and how to minimize the negative effects Considers the biotic and abiotic factors that cause variation in the stress response

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ISBN:
Category : DNA replication
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Escherichia coli grown in complex medium (LB), but not defined medium (DGC), arrest DNA replication when collected on membrane filters and resuspended in fresh media. The arrest is similar to that observed when cells are challenged with hydrogen peroxide. Yet, the reason behind this arrest is unknown. I hypothesized that the arrest in replication in complex medium after filtering might be due to oxidative shock, and therefore cells grown in complex medium and filtered should induce an oxidative stress response similar to cells treated with hydrogen peroxide. Utilizing the indicator dye H2DCFDA, which fluoresces in response to reactive oxygen species, I established an assay to measure levels of oxidative stress in E.coli cultures treated with hydrogen peroxide and compared them to cells grown in complex medium and filtered. Using a deletion mutant in oxyR, which is sensitive to oxidative stress and unable to induce a cellular response to hydrogen peroxide, I assessed the fraction of fluorescent-positive oxyR cells grown in complex or defined media and filtered oxyR cells treated with hydrogen peroxide. Contrary to what I hypothesized, I found that filtration of cells grown in complex medium does not significantly induce oxidative stress. I discuss alternative reasons as to what may be causing replication to arrest, such as the lack of divalent metals like iron and manganese, osmotic stress and dehydration, the sensitivity of H2DCFDA, and the difference in medium makeup.

Author: Mandy Louise Maneval
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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