Brain Opioid Systems in Reproduction PDF Download
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Author: Richard G. Dyer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Many aspects of reproduction, including ovulation, birth, and lactation, depend on signals from the brain that control hormone secretion from the pituitary gland. This brain-endocrine interaction also ensures that the animal's behavior is appropriate for changing reproductive states. This volume presents new knowledge on the neural control of reproductive processes from studies of how opioid peptides act within the brain to regulate sexual behavior and reproduction in humans and other mammals. The role of brain opioid in the control of gonadotrophin secretion and the onset of puberty, the regulation of seasonal breeding and sexual behavior, and the release of oxytocin and its involvement in parturition and lactation are discussed. The findings and the perspectives they bring will be of great value to clinicians, veterinarians, research scientists, and students interested in this growing field.
Author: Richard G. Dyer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Many aspects of reproduction, including ovulation, birth, and lactation, depend on signals from the brain that control hormone secretion from the pituitary gland. This brain-endocrine interaction also ensures that the animal's behavior is appropriate for changing reproductive states. This volume presents new knowledge on the neural control of reproductive processes from studies of how opioid peptides act within the brain to regulate sexual behavior and reproduction in humans and other mammals. The role of brain opioid in the control of gonadotrophin secretion and the onset of puberty, the regulation of seasonal breeding and sexual behavior, and the release of oxytocin and its involvement in parturition and lactation are discussed. The findings and the perspectives they bring will be of great value to clinicians, veterinarians, research scientists, and students interested in this growing field.
Author: Ian S. Zagon
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780994438133
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Author: Andrew Eschenroeder
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
While most cells of the central nervous system (CNS) express opioid receptors, the role of the endogenous opioid system in CNS development remains poorly understood. Identification of opioid functions during brain maturation is particularly crucial in light of the increasing trend in opioid abuse and the use of opioid drugs during pregnancy. New substitution therapies in pregnant opioid addicts include buprenorphine, a mu opioid receptor partial agonist and kappa opioid receptor antagonist. However, while clinical studies demonstrated buprenorphine efficacy in reducing neonatal withdrawal symptoms, there is a lack of information on the potential effects of this drug on brain development. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that perinatal exposure to buprenorphine induces dose-dependent alterations in rat brain myelination. These time-specific effects suggested that both therapeutic and supra-therapeutic doses of the drug could alter the normal pattern of oligodendrocyte development. In support of this hypothesis, this thesis work has now found that buprenorphine exerts direct actions on the oligodendrocytes that are highly dependent on both the drug dose and stage of cell differentiation. When exposed to buprenorphine, oligodendrocyte progenitors isolated from 3-day-old rat brain exhibit increased cell proliferation. In contrast, treatment of more mature oligodendrocytes obtained from 9-day-old rat brain induces dramatic dose- specific effects on cell process network extension and membrane outgrowth. These later effects are accompanied by significant parallel changes in the expression of the four major splicing isoforms of myelin basic protein (MBP), a critical component of the myelin membrane and mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, similar dose-specific effects on MBP expression are also elicited by methadone, a mu opioid receptor agonist already approved for the treatment of pregnant opioid addicts. Experiments with CTOP, a highly selective antagonist of the mu opioid receptor, further contribute to the idea that this receptor subtype plays an important function in controlling oligodendrocyte maturation. These findings underscore the potential effects of opioid exposure during brain maturation and further indicate an important regulatory role of the endogenous opioid system in the control of oligodendrocyte development and myelination.
Author: Marie-Francoise Chesselet
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849369124
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
The goal of this fascinating new book is to review the diversity of methods available to apply in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) to a variety of experimental questions. This work includes topics such as synthesis and use of nick-translated DNA probes for ISHH, synthesis and use of oligomeric DNA probes for ISHH, and synthesis and use of RNA probes for ISHH. These interesting chapters describe the preparation of different radiolabeled probes for ISHH. They also discuss their respective advantages and limitations, and describe current results based on the use of these various probes. Sections of the text highlight low and high resolution autoradiography for ISHH, the use of biotin-labeled probes for ISHH, as well as the use of ISHH in combination with established anatomical techniques. In Situ Hybridization Histochemistry answers all of your questions regarding the quantification of ISHH. It also provides a practical description of typical protocols, both from molecular biology and histology. Investigators will understand and value this useful, powerful tool-whatever their backgrounds might be.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241548731
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 37
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Book Description
These guidelines have been developed to enable professionals to assist women who are pregnant, or have recently had a child, and who use alcohol or drugs or who have a substance use disorder, to achieve healthy outcomes for themselves and their fetus or infant. They have been developed in response to requests from organizations, institutions and individuals for technical guidance on the identification and management of alcohol, and other substance use and substance use disorders in pregnant women. They were developed in tandem with the WHO recommendations for the prevention and management of tobacco use and second-hand smoke exposure in pregnancy.
Author: James S. Gaynor
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323062903
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
You can trust this user-friendly guide to help you meet the increasing need for effective pain management in the animals you treat. It provides instant access to clinically relevant information on pain assessment, pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical treatment options, guidelines for managing acute and chronic pain, and unique aspects of pain management in dogs, cats, horses, cattle, birds, reptiles, ferrets, and rabbits. User-friendly format helps you quickly and easily find essential pain management information. Helpful boxes and tables provide at-a-glance access to pharmacologic protocols and clinical applications, including dosages, indications, contraindications, and side effects. Complementary and alternative treatment strategies are included throughout to assist you in using the latest non-pharmacological pain interventions. Case studies clearly illustrate the practical applications of key concepts in the clinical setting and help you sharpen your pain assessment and management skills. New contributors — many of the most respected experts in the field — share their insights and experiences to bring you the most current thinking in this ever-changing discipline. Completely revised and updated content throughout ensures you are using the best and most current information available on analgesic drugs and pain management techniques. An expanded chapter on Pain Management in Horses and Cattle explores the latest advances in treating this group of animals. Eight new chapters offer cutting-edge coverage of hot topics in the field, including: Pain Management in the Cat Pain Management for the Pet Bird Clinical Approaches to Analgesia in Reptiles Clinical Approaches to Analgesia in Ferrets and Rabbits Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation in Dogs Rehabilitation Methods and Modalities for the Cat Quality of Life Issues Hospice and Palliative Care
Author: Tricia E. Wright
Publisher:
ISBN: 1108400981
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
Gain guidance and support when treating the high-risk population of women confronting (or battling) opioid-use disorders during pregnancy.
Author: Adrian Carter
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123859743
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 347
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Book Description
Research increasingly suggests that addiction has a genetic and neurobiological basis, but efforts to translate research into effective clinical treatments and social policy needs to be informed by careful ethical analyses of the personal and social implications. Scientists and policy makers alike must consider possible unintended negative consequences of neuroscience research so that the promise of reducing the burden and incidence of addiction can be fully realized and new advances translated into clinically meaningful and effective treatments. This volume brings together leading addiction researchers and practitioners with neuroethicists and social scientists to specifically discuss the ethical, philosophical, legal and social implications of neuroscience research of addiction, as well as its translation into effective, economical and appropriate policy and treatments. Chapters explore the history of ideas about addiction, the neuroscience of drug use and addiction, prevention and treatment of addiction, the moral implications of addiction neuroscience, legal issues and human rights, research ethics, and public policy. - Features outstanding and truly international scholarship, with chapters written by leading experts in neuroscience, addiction medicine, psychology and more - Informs psychologists of related research in neuroscience and vice versa, giving researchers easy one-stop access to knowledge outside their area of specialty
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069882
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 610
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Book Description
How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Author: Paul Farquhar-Smith
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198834357
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
Pain Medicine, a relatively new specialty, has proven increasingly relevant to medical practitioners in every field. The specialism of pain has emerged over the past 50 years, largely due to the persistence of experts and new medical evidence that points to its necessity. Today, it is a distinct and integral part of global medical practice. Landmark Papers in Pain offers a comprehensive inventory of over 80 key studies in pain medicine from the last 100 years. Each paper is accompanied by a concise commentary on the significance of the original findings written by an expert in pain. The reviews discuss how the paper influenced the development of the speciality, and how the findings have advanced our global comprehension of pain. Together, the selected papers and reviews chart the growth of an embryonic field into the modern speciality of pain medicine. Complied by leading specialists in the field, the papers included in this book are significant for any student, researcher, clinical practitioner, or medical historian interested in pain medicine. Organised into eight distinct topics and cross-referenced by topics and author of original paper, the book is comprehensive in its coverage and easy to use. A review of the contemporary and historical research that shaped the speciality of pain, Landmark Papers in Pain is essential reading for all medical practitioners with an interest in pain medicine.
