Biological Control of Saltcedar (Tamarix Ramosissima and T. Chinensis) in Riparian Ecosystems in the Western United States 1 October 1993 to 30 September 1994 PDF Download
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Author: C. Jack DeLoach
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: C. Jack DeLoach
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: C. Jack DeLoach
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Category : Riparian ecology
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Janice Pachorek
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Category : Tamarisks
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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The invasion by non-native saltcedar (Tamarix L. spp.) has caused enormous damage on native plant and animal communities, especially in riparian ecosystems in areas of the western United States. The main methods of control currently used, mechanical, chemical and manual, have proven to be enormously expensive. In the last few years, biological control using an introduced leaf-eating beetle, Diorhabda elongata, has shown a very high potential for success. Success stories of biological control include saltcedar stands along the Humboldt River in Lovelock, Nevada where this beetle defoliated about 5,000 acres of saltcedar. The Colorado Noxious Weed Act of 1996, the State Weed Law and two bills passed by the 108th Congress have enabled county, city and state governments to utilize and implement management programs to target saltcedar. The intent of this research was to monitor and examine the effects of the chemical and mechanical treatments of saltcedar in Fremont County, Colorado. The results of this research indicate that chemical control has had a significant impact on killing saltcedar from pre-treatment status to post-one-year and post-two-year status. It was found that the Hydroaxe control method cleared areas of stands of saltcedar but new growth appeared form below the cut stump of the plant. Protocol for herbicide control, according to the manufacturer's label, recommends that treated areas should be left undisturbed for approximately three years after application.
Author: Alissa Marie Berro
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 99
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Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) covers nearly 86,000 acres in Oklahoma mostly in the western third of the state. A beetle, Diorhabda carinulata (Coleoptera: Chrysomellidae) has been released in nine western states as a biological control agent. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service asked that we attempt to introduce the beetle into the Great Salt Plains Wildlife Refuge in Oklahoma, which is infested with saltcedar. We surveyed three saltcedar stands (Lake site, Highway site, Marsh site) from 2009-2010 at the refuge that were selected for their unique ecological characteristics. Our objectives were to compare two sampling methods (vacuum and beat stick) for their capability to assess the diversity of insect predators in different saltcedar-dominated habitats and identify potential arboreal predators of D. carinulata. The results of the survey indicated that several arthropod predators were abundant enough to potentially effect the establishment of D. carinulata. Comparison of insect assemblages between sampling methods revealed that the vacuum sampling technique recovered more overall taxa but neither method recovered all taxa present highlighting the importance of employing multiple sampling methods. The most common insect predators collected were Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in 2010 vacuum samples and Zelus tetracanthus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in 2009 vacuum and 2010 beat stick samples. Diversity indices (Shannon Diversity Index and Simpson Diversity Index) indicated that the Lake Site habitat was consistently more species rich than the Highway and Marsh Site. Two coccinellids, C. septempunctata and Hippodamia convergens, were identified as common predators present. We selected these two species for additional lab studies designed to evaluate the suitability of eggs and larvae of D. carinulata as a food source for the adults and larvae of both coccinellids. The studies revealed that D. carinulata is neither a suitable nor an acceptable food source for larval stages of both beetles. Adult lady beetles of both species attacked eggs and first instar D. carinulata larvae, but only one attack was recorded on a D. carinulata life stage beyond first instar. These results indicate that adult C. septempunctata and H. convergens could prove to be a limited predator of D. carinulata eggs and first instar larvae.
Author: Thomas William Robinson
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Category : Botany
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Author: Jim Jacobs
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Category : Invasive plants
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Category : Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge (N.M.)
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Author: Dan N. Harmon
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Category : Biodiversity conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 186
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Author: Jason William Long
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Category : Invasive plants
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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