Biological Consequences of Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress PDF Download
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Author: Haihong Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Author: Haihong Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Author: Eric J. Hall
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 1451154186
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 908
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Book Description
In print since 1972, this seventh edition of Radiobiology for the Radiologist is the most extensively revised to date. It consists of two sections, one for those studying or practicing diagnostic radiolo, nuclear medicine and radiation oncology; the other for those engaged in the study or clinical practice of radiation oncology--a new chapter, on radiologic terrorism, is specifically for those in the radiation sciences who would manage exposed individuals in the event of a terrorist event. The 17 chapters in Section I represent a general introduction to radiation biology and a complete, self-contained course especially for residents in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine that follows the Syllabus in Radiation Biology of the RSNA. The 11 chapters in Section II address more in-depth topics in radiation oncology, such as cancer biology, retreatment after radiotherapy, chemotherapeutic agents and hyperthermia. Now in full color, this lavishly illustrated new edition is replete with tables and figures that underscore essential concepts. Each chapter concludes with a "summary of pertinent conclusions" to facilitate quick review and help readers retain important information.
Author: Simon Wisnovsky
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Mitochondria are compartments within eukaryotic cells that produce energy to power cellular metabolism. Uniquely amongst mammalian organelles, mitochondria contain a small amount of their own genetic material (mtDNA), the proper maintenance and expression of which is essential for mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial DNA damage has been linked to several pathophysiological processes, but the cellular effects of mtDNA damage remain poorly understood. In order to better understand mtDNA damage, our group has pioneered the development of selective mitochondria-targeted DNA damaging agents using positively charged, hydrophobic delivery vectors known as mitochondria-penetrating peptides (MPPs). In my first study, an analogue of the commonly used anticancer drug cisplatin was conjugated to an MPP, yielding a mitochondria-targeted platinum DNA-damaging agent (mtPt) that induced specific damage to mtDNA. Using mtPt, I showed that selective mtDNA platinum damage induced apoptotic cell death associated with reactive oxygen species production, demonstrating that mtDNA damage is sufficient to mediate the cytotoxic activity of a platinum drug. In another work, I aimed to use mitochondria-targeted DNA damaging agents in a screen to characterize novel factors in mtDNA replication and repair. By knocking down expression of known DNA repair genes, and monitoring synergistic effects of gene knockdown on the activity of an mtDNA-oxidizing agent, I identified a series of genes with novel roles in mtDNA repair and replication. Included amongst these hits was DNA Polymerase Î ̧ (PolÎ ̧), a novel mtDNA polymerase. In a further study, I found that PolÎ ̧ plays an essential role in facilitating mtDNA replication under conditions of oxidative stress. Finally, I conducted a genome-wide CRISPR screen to comprehensively identify genes whose knockout sensitizes cells to mitochondria-localized DNA damage. The hits of this screen were heavily enriched for genes involved in mitochondrial translation, implying the importance of mitochondrial protein synthesis in mediating an adaptive response to mtDNA damage. These studies demonstrate the application of mitochondria-targeted DNA damaging agents to the study of a wide range of significant areas in mitochondrial biology. Going forward, my thesis work shows mtDNA-damaging chemical probes to be essential tools for achieving better understanding of mtDNA damage in health and disease.
Author: Jaime M. Ross
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038422517
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 543
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Book Description
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Ageing and Diseases" that was published in IJMS
Author: Lawrence H. Lash
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483218619
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 527
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Book Description
Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.
Author: Shamim I. Ahmad
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429811772
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
Mitochondria produce the chemical energy necessary for eukaryotic cell functions; hence mitochondria are an essential component of health, playing roles in both disease and aging. More than 80 human diseases and syndromes are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction; this book focuses upon diseases linked to these ubiquitous organelles. Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA damage results in mitochondrial dysfunction through two main pathways. Mutation in mitochondrial DNA causes diseases such as Kearns-Sayre syndrome and Pearson syndrome. Mutation in chromosomal DNA causes diseases such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. These and many other diseases are reviewed in this book. Key Features Presents the detailed structure of mitochondria, mitochondrial function, roles of oxidants and antioxidants in mitochondrial dysfunction. Includes summary of both causes and effects of these diseases. Discusses current and potential future therapies for mitochondrial dysfunction diseases Explores a wide variety of diseases caused by dysfunctional mitochondria.
Author: Henry F. Epstein
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0125641494
Category : Caenorhabditis elegans
Languages : en
Pages : 687
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Book Description
The first of its kind, this laboratory handbook emphasizes diverse methods and technologies needed to investigate C. elegans, both as an integrated organism and as a model system for research inquiries in cell, developmental, and molecular biology, as well as in genetics and pharmacology. Four primary sections--Genetic and Culture Methods, Neurobiology, Cell and Molecular Biology, and Genomics and Informatics--reflect the cross-disciplinary nature of C. elegans research. Because C. elegans is a simple and malleable organism with a small genome and few cell types, it provides an elegant demonstr.
Author: R.C. Cutler
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3034873379
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 393
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Book Description
Oxidative stress and aging Over the past several years there has been an extraordinarily rapid growth in our knowledge of free radical chemistry and its possible involvement in both normal essential biology and age related disease and dysfunction. Much of this growth in the traditionally separate sciences of chemistry and molecular gerontology occurred independently, with little interaction or communi cation between the scientists working in these two fields. In view of the growing maturity of the two fields and the potential importance of advancing our knowledge in the area of oxidative stress and aging, we perceived a critical need to organize an international conference the "First Inter national Conference on Oxidative Stress and Aging" in Hawaii in 1994 to bring together the world's leading scientists in the fields of reactive oxygen species and molecular gerontology. The objective of this conference was to provide a unique opportunity for scholars working in these two related and rapidly growing fields to participate in the exchange, integration, and synthesis of new concepts and ideas, to engage in constructive criticism and to initiate new collaborative research projects. The conference focused on the molecular and cellular aspects of aging as related to oxidative stress. It was one of the largest and most comprehensive international conferences held in molecular gerontology. At this conference a call was made for submission of papers to be used in the publication of a book covering the major contributions of the meeting.
Author: Carolyn D. Berdanier
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420028847
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 640
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Book Description
It was once assumed that mitochondrial diseases were rare and that few people were affected. As knowledge has grown about these organelles and their function, it became clear that mitochondrial malfunction could be linked to several chronic diseases. Diabetes has been associated with DNA mutation and can cause mutation itself. This text discusses f
Author: Satomi Miwa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1597454206
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
Human aging is a complex phenomenon. This state-of-the-art book discusses the role of free radicals in aging in different animal models, as well as the relevance of free radicals on age-related diseases and pathological conditions in humans (following an introduction section of the basics and theory of free radicals). In addition, the major interventions trials of antioxidant supplements in age-related disease, cancer and so forth are reviewed and discussed.
