Bench-Scale Development of Fluidized-Bed Spray-Dried Sorbents PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Author:
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Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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To extend the operating temperature range and further improve the durability of fluidizable sorbents, zinc titanate, another leading regenerable sorbent, was selected for development in the later part of this project. A number of zinc titanate formulations were prepared in the 50 to 300 [mu]m range using granulation and spray drying methods. Important sorbent preparation variables investigated included zinc to titanium ratio, binder type, binder amount, and various chemical additives such as cobalt and molybdenum. A number of sorbents selected on the basis of screening tests were subjected to bench-scale testing for 10 cycles at high temperature, high pressure (HTHP) conditions using the reactor system designed and constructed during the base program. This reactor system is capable of operation either as a 2.0 in. or 3.0 in. I.D. bubbling bed and is rated up to 20 atm operation at 871[degrees]C. Bench-scale testing variables included sorbent type, temperature (550 to 750[degrees]C), gas type (KRW or Texaco gasifier gas), steam content of coal gas, and fluidizing gas velocity (6 to 15 cm/s). The sorbents prepared by spray drying showed poor performance in terms of attrition resistance and chemical reactivity. On the other hand, the granulation method proved to be very successful. For example, a highly attrition-resistant zinc titanate formulation, ZT-4, prepared by granulation exhibited virtually no zinc loss and demonstrated a constant high reactivity and sulfur capacity over 10 cycles, i.e., approximately a 60 percent capacity utilization, with Texaco gas at 750[degrees]C, 15 cm/s fluidizing velocity and 15 atm pressure. The commercial potential of the granulation method for zinc titanate manufacture was demonstrated by preparing two 80 lb batches of sorbent with zinc to titanium mol ratios of 0.8 and 1.5.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Steve Yagla
Publisher:
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Category : Fluidization
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Author: National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (U.S.). Office of the Director
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Category : Acid deposition
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Author: Aysel T. Atimtay
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540647263
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Desulfurization of Hot Coal with Regenerable Metal Oxide Sorbents: New Developments, held in Kusadasi, Turkey, July 1996
Author: National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (U.S.). Office of the Director of Research
Publisher:
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Category : Acid deposition
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Our efforts were directed primarily to preparation for and/the initial operation of the laboratory-scale hot fluidized bed test system (LSHFB). The initial test sequence in the LSHFB system was performed with a fixed-bed of 100 grams of barium titanate synthetic sorbent. The sorbent bed was alternately sulfated and regenerated five times. Sulfation was accomplished at 900°C, with a synthetic flue gas mixture comprising 10.1% CO2, 4.95% O2, 0.2435% SO2 and 84.7% N2. Regeneration was performed at 1025°C with a gas containing 8.0% CO and 92.0% N2. After an initial drop in sulfation performance after the first sulfation/regeneration cycle, performance held steady, or was shown to be improving, during the succeeding four cycles. Although the initial operation of this system proceeded relatively smoothly, the reactor was found to have been irreparably damaged by the end of the initial test sequence. A new reactor was subsequently designed, fabricated, and installed in the unit. Concurrently, sorbent pellet preparation by extrusion was investigated in the Catalyst Preparation Facility at the Baton Rouge Laboratory of Exxon Research and Engineering Company. Preparation of sorbent pellets for use in the LSHFB operation was continued on a laboratory-scale at Linden throughout the reporting period. Cost and time estimates were prepared for operation of the bench-scale fluidized bed coal combustion and regeneration facilities, including preparation of the requisite volumes of synthetic sorbent pellets needed for that program.
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Languages : en
Pages : 9
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The objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of manufacturing highly reactive and attrition-resistant zinc titanate sorbents by spray drying, suitable for bubbling (conventional) as well as transport-type fluidized-bed reactor systems.
