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Author: John Comley
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 1483192784
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
Behaviour Modification with the Retarded Child compiles case studies demonstrating the application of certain standard techniques of behavior modification and methods used to eliminate anti-social behavior patterns in order to build up more desirable ones. The general method used in these case studies is the "operant training, which was first investigated in depth by Professor B. F. Skinner. This book is an attempt to show how the ideas and arguments initially advanced by B. F. Skinner can be and are being used to help and train severely retarded children. This publication is valuable to teachers, psychologists, health visitors, social workers, and parents who wish to learn more of the techniques used to train children with behavioral disorders and mental illnesses such as schizophrenia.
Author: John Comley
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 1483192784
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
Behaviour Modification with the Retarded Child compiles case studies demonstrating the application of certain standard techniques of behavior modification and methods used to eliminate anti-social behavior patterns in order to build up more desirable ones. The general method used in these case studies is the "operant training, which was first investigated in depth by Professor B. F. Skinner. This book is an attempt to show how the ideas and arguments initially advanced by B. F. Skinner can be and are being used to help and train severely retarded children. This publication is valuable to teachers, psychologists, health visitors, social workers, and parents who wish to learn more of the techniques used to train children with behavioral disorders and mental illnesses such as schizophrenia.
Author: J. L. Matson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461571308
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
Mental retardation has probably existed for as long as mankind has inhabited the earth. References to seemingly retarded persons appear in Greek and Roman literature. Examination of Egyptian mummies suggests that some may have suffered from diseases associated with mental retardation. Mohammed advocated feeding and housing those without reason. There is other evidence for favorable attitudes toward the retarded in early history, but attitudes var ied from age to age and from country to country. The concept of remediation did not emerge until the nineteenth century. Earlier, in 1798, ltard published an account of his attempt to train the "wild boy of Aveyron." A rash of efforts to habilitate retarded persons followed. Training schools were developed in Europe and the United States in the 1800s; however, these early schools did not fulfill their promise, and by the end of the nineteenth century large, inhumane warehouses for retarded persons existed. The notion of habilitation through training had largely been abandoned and was not to reappear until after World War II.
Author: Johnny L. Matson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489925015
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
The development of behavior modification principles and procedures and the ensuing research have had a dramatic impact on services for mentally re tarded persons. This book is the second edition of a volume that is designed to update readers on some of these many developments. Although many of the chapter titles and authors from the first edition remain unchanged, we have added additional chapters to reflect new areas of research. The book is thus a critical review of this literature and, as such, provides essential and important notions about what we know and what can be done to expand our current knowledge. The authors of the chapters are all recognized experts who have been active in publishing in the research areas they critique. As a result, they have a good understanding of what are the major issues in the field. And because they are also active in service provision to persons with identified handicaps, their material will be especially useful to practitioners and, it is hoped, to those_ professionals who are working in the field in estab lishing data-based treatments. One important change in the field has concerned the terminology used to We are aware that persons with mental retar describe handicapped persons. dation are no longer referred to as "the mentally retarded," and although no disrespect is intended, for the sake of continuity the original title has been retained on the advice of the publisher.
Author: Alan E. Kazdin
Publisher: Waveland Press
ISBN: 1478609222
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 697
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Book Description
Continuing the tradition of excellence established in previous editions, distinguished researcher, practitioner, and educator Alan Kazdin integrates pioneering and recent research with discussions and examples for altering behavior and the conditions that influence their effectiveness. The Seventh Edition reflects several developments within the field of behavior modification, without diminishing an essential emphasis on applied research and intervention techniques. Kazdin has expanded and refined discussions of functional behavioral assessment, antecedent events and their influence on behavior, assessment options, ensuring the quality of assessment, data evaluation, and ethical and legal issues. New to this edition is an Appendix to guide a behavior-change project that focuses on applying the content of the book in everyday life. In addition to comprehensive coverage and lucid explanations of how assessment, evaluation, and intervention work together to improve the care of individuals, the text contains many learning-oriented features, such as chapter outlines that convey content, direction, and key points; practical examples of principles and techniques; an abundant number of tables that summarize important concepts; exercises for designing or evaluating a specific intervention or for changing a program that is not working; and a list of key terms at the end of the chapters. By completing the exercises and understanding the terms, students can master the core content of the chapters. This outstanding text enables students and professionals with varied interests to implement effective techniques with individuals and in contexts where behavior change is desperately neededin a world challenged by a wide range of social problems.
Author: Chris Kiernan
Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Author: William Gardner
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351314513
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
In this important book, one of the most exciting and promising developments in clinical psychology-behavior modification is applied to the treatment of the mentally retarded, particularly those whose behavior poses difficult problems for institutions. Professor Gardner presents an easily intelligible yet detailed account of the concepts and practices of behavior modification and the underlying learning systems, with numerous clinical illustrations of applying specific techniques to various educational and rehabilitation problems. A thorough discussion of the inadequacies of the psychological evaluation systems normally used in education and rehabilitation is offered, along with an alternative behavior analysis approach that provides a method of translating evaluation data into treatment practices. In explaining behavior analysis, the author takes into account the limited behavioral repertoire of the retarded and environmental deficits. Individual chapters on respondent, operant, and observational learning, and a detailed discussion of a functional analysis approach to evaluation, are included. Proven behavior modification strategies are presented along with a review of related research and clinical studies. The book closes with a detailed description of a research program for the design and testing of sheltered workshop systems for the retarded and emotionally disturbed. The positive approach inherent in the belief that behavior is modifiable-even in the severely limited retarded-is in marked contrast to the pessimism of other systems of therapy, education, and training. Also, the author has concentrated throughout on making the book understandable to clinicians and students with no previous knowledge of behavior modification. Besides serving as a valuable handbook for all treatment personnel, the book can also be used as a basic text for various courses dealing with mental retardation.
Author: Rowland P. Barrett
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 148990588X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
It is well known that behavior problems are a salient characteristic of children and adults with mental retardation. That is not to say that all persons with mental retardation experience behavior disorders; how ever, most studies indicate that the incidence of emotional disturbance in this population is four to six times greater than that observed in similar intellectually nonhandicapped children and adults. It is equally well known that the principal form of treatment accorded clients with mental retardation and behavior disorders is pharmacotherapy or the prescrip tion of behavior modifying drugs. Recent studies show that 6 out of every 10 individuals with mental retardation have been prescribed drugs as treatment for disorders of emotion or behavior. Unfortunately, further studies indicate that only one or 2 out of every 10 clients receiving medication are determined to be "responders," such that some thera peutic benefit is derived from their drug treatment. As noted by the title, the single major thrust of this volume is to review approaches to the treatment of behavior disorders in persons with mental retardation from a nondrug perspective. This requires the presentation of a wide range of material on treatment: basic behavior modification programming, cognitive-behavioral strategies, habilitative approaches, counseling and psychotherapy, designing therapeutic living environments, managing medical factors bearing relevance to emotional illness, intervening with families, training special education teachers and direct care staff, and supplying information on the client's rights to obtain treatment in the least restrictive and least intrusive manner.
Author: Alan S. Bellack
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461572754
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 1025
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Book Description
The rapid growth of behavior therapy over the past 20 years has been well doc umented. Yet the geometric expansion of the field has been so great that it deserves to be recounted. We all received our graduate training in the mid to late 1960s. Courses in behavior therapy were then a rarity. Behavioral training was based more on informal tutorials than on systematic programs of study. The behavioral literature was so circumscribed that it could be easily mastered in a few months of study. A mere half-dozen books (by Wolpe, Lazarus, Eysenck, Ullmann, and Krasner) more-or-Iess comprised the behavioral library in the mid- 1960s. Semirial works by Ayllon and Azrin, Bandura, Franks, and Kanfer in 1968 and 1969 made it only slightly more difficult to survey the field. Keeping abreast of new developments was not very difficult, as Behaviour Research and Therapy and the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis were the only regular outlets for behavioral articles until the end of the decade, when Behavior Therapy and Be havior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry first appeared. We are too young to be maudlin, but "Oh for the good old days!" One of us did a quick survey of his bookshelves and stopped counting books with behavior or behavioral in the titles when he reached 100. There were at least half again as many behavioral books without those words in the title.
Author: Michel Hersen
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 1483277127
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 3, is a multidisciplinary serial publication that encompasses the contributions of psychology, psychiatry, social work, speech therapy, education, and rehabilitation. This serial aims to meet the need for a review publication that undertakes to present yearly in-depth evaluations that include a scholarly examination of theoretical underpinnings, a careful survey of research findings, and a comparative analysis of existing techniques and methodologies. The discussions center on a wide spectrum of child and adult disorders. The present volume opens with a chapter on behavior modification and hypnosis. This is followed by separate chapters on applications of behavior modification procedures in classroom settings; smoking behavior modification; and psychotherapy outcome research. Subsequent chapters deal with the behavioral approach to teaching learning disabled children; evaluation of animal analogues of behavioral treatment; therapy for sexual dysfunction; and research in the area of transfer of training of operant treatment effects with children.
Author: Anthony M. Graziano
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
ISBN: 020236433X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 656
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Book Description
The term behavior modification refers to the systematic analysis and change of human behavior and the principal focus is on overt behavior and its relationships to environmental variables. Behavior modification can be applied in many settings, the nature of which helps to define its subsets. Thus, applied in clinical settings, toward clinical goals, it encompasses the subset behavior therapy. In Behavior Therapy with Children, Volume 2, Anthony M. Graziano focuses on behavior therapy--specifically, the behavioral treatment of children's clinical problems. The field of behavior modification encompasses an astonishingly wide and varied spectrum of concepts about and approaches to education, clinical problems, social programming, and rehabilitation efforts. A conceptually and technologically rich medium, it has been nourished by the psychology laboratory, the school, and the psychiatric clinic. It is an area with diffuse boundaries surrounding a highly active center, within which apparently solid landmarks have already been worn away by the dissolving action of corrective self-criticism--immeasurably aided by the catalysts stirred in by the field's many critics. The activity continues, the dynamic field boils, and the medium enriches itself. There appears to be a tendency, particularly among new behavior therapists, to limit their focus too narrowly to the client's systems of overt behavior. In this project, psychological therapy begins with a personal, interactive social situation in which the generally expected human response of interest, sympathy, and support, is the minimum condition. Graziano maintains that these clinical sensitivity skills must be preserved in behavior therapy and enhance its important contribution to advancing the therapeutic endeavor. Anthony M. Graziano is professor emeritus in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo. He has published a number of articles in journals on subjects such as teaching machine programs, behavior therapy with children, diagnostic testing, the history of psychology, and evaluations of the contemporary mental health professions. He has been on the editorial board of Behavior Modification and on the board of directors for the Eastern Psychological Association.
