The Behavioral and Social Sciences PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Behavioral and Social Sciences PDF full book. Access full book title The Behavioral and Social Sciences by National Research Council. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309037492
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 301
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309037492
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 301
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.
Author: Howard Rachlin
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 184
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book attempts to synthesize two apparently contradictory views of psychology: as the science of internal mental mechanisms and as the science of complex external behavior. Most books in the psychology and philosophy of mind reject one approach while championing the other, but Rachlin argues that the two approaches are complementary rather than contradictory. Rejection of either involves disregarding vast sources of information vital to solving pressing human problems--in the areas of addiction, mental illness, education, crime, and decision-making, to name but a few. Where previous books have focused either on psychology as an abstract science of the mind or as a strictly empirical approach to behavioral problems, this is the only book that attempts to show how the best modern theoretical work on mental mechanisms relates to the best modern empirical work on complex behavioral problems. It will be of considerable interest to psychologists and philosophers across many disciplines and perspectives.
Author: John A. Michon
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642704913
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book is the result of the International Workshop on Time, Mind, and Behavior, which was held at the University of Groningen in September 1984. The aim of the workshop was to produce an up to date review of the state of the art in the field of time psychology. The rapid development of a cognitive outlook in experimental psychology has, among other things, un derlined the need for a reconsideration of time experience, the coding and representation of temporal information, and the timing of complex re sponses. Since the publication of Paul Fraisse's classical Psychologie du Temps in 1957, time psychology has slowly but steadily drawn an in creasing amount of attention, to a point where it now seems to be incorpo rated into the mainstream of research. At the same time a noticeable ten dency for a renewed general interest in time can also be traced in several other disciplines. These two observations supported our belief that it was time for a review of the sort we had in mind. At the close of 1983 we completed a project supported by the Dutch Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research in which we had stud ied the coding and retrieval of temporal information. This provided us with a plausible pretense for organizing a workshop. Around Christmas time 1983 we were able to mail a preliminary invitation to a number of our colleagues whom we knew to be currently active in the field.
Author: Bertram F. Malle
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262250351
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 340
Get Book Here
Book Description
In this provocative monograph, Bertram Malle describes behavior explanations as having a dual nature—as being both cognitive and social acts—and proposes a comprehensive theoretical model that integrates the two aspects. When people try to understand puzzling human behavior, they construct behavior explanations, which are a fundamental tool of social cognition. But, Malle argues, behavior explanations exist not only in the mind; they are also overt verbal actions used for social purposes. When people explain their own behavior or the behavior of others, they are using the explanation to manage a social interaction—by offering clarification, trying to save face, or casting blame. Malle's account makes clear why these two aspects of behavior explanation exist and why they are closely linked; along the way, he illustrates the astonishingly sophisticated and subtle patterns of folk behavior explanations. Malle begins by reviewing traditional attribution theories and their simplified portrayal of behavior explanation. A more realistic portrayal, he argues, must be grounded in the nature, function, and origins of the folk theory of mind—the conceptual framework underlying people's grasp of human behavior and its connection to the mind. Malle then presents a theory of behavior explanations, focusing first on their conceptual structure and then on their psychological construction. He applies this folk-conceptual theory to a number of questions, including the communicative functions of behavior explanations, and the differences in explanations given for self and others as well as for individuals and groups. Finally, he highlights the strengths of the folk-conceptual theory of explanation over traditional attribution theory and points to future research applications.
Author: Ingrid G. Farreras
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 9781586034719
Category : Mental health
Languages : en
Pages : 404
Get Book Here
Book Description
Provides insights not only into the work of the National Institutes of Health, but the relationship between institutional and governmental structures and the manner in which they influenced the direction taken by individual scientists. The recollections of the individuals in the intramural program juxtaposed alongside whatever primary sources have survived also provide an equally fascinating contrast. It provides a perspective that can illuminate contemporary policy debates about the nature and direction of biomedical and social science research as well as the relationships between government and science.
Author: Alexander G. Karczmar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642952011
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 477
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume is based on the Symposium on "The Brain and Human Behavior," held in October of 1969 as a part of the centennial observance of the Loyola Uni versity of Chicago. As President of the University, I was pleased to offer the University's support for the organization of this Symposium and to participate in some of its sessions. The volume which I now have the pleasure to introduce employs the materials of the Symposium as a framework. Its chapters constitute updated and greatly expanded versions of the original presentations, edited and organized so as to constitute an integrated picture of Neurosciences and their epistemological aspects. It seems appropriate for me to describe at this time certain features of this Jesuit University and of its Centennial which are particularly pertinent in the context of the present volume. Loyola University of Chicago opened its classes on September 5, 1870 with a faculty of 4 and a student body of 37. Today, Loyola University is the largest in dependent University in Illinois and the largest institution of higher learning under Catholic sponsorship in the United States of America. The University comprises twelve schools and colleges, a faculty of more than 1,600 and a student body of 16,545. As an institution of learning, this University is dedicated to knowledge; but perhaps more particularly than others, it is dedicated to the integration of truth and the knowledge of man as such.
Author: Donna Coch
Publisher: Guilford Press
ISBN: 1606239694
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 433
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume brings together leading authorities from multiple disciplines to examine the relationship between brain development and behavior in typically developing children. Presented are innovative cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that shed light on brain–behavior connections in infancy and toddlerhood through adolescence. Chapters explore the complex interplay of neurobiological and environmental influences in the development of memory, language, reading, inhibitory control, and other core aspects of cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. Throughout, the volume gives particular attention to what the research reveals about ways to support learning and healthy development in all children. Illustrations include four pages in full color.
Author: Joyce Norman
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780716728023
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 214
Get Book Here
Book Description
This carefully crafted study guide helps students to read and retain text material, and provides them with a multitude of learning tools. The Study Guide includes new labeling exercises of important physiological and neurological structures. Each chapter includes a review of key concepts, guided study questions, practice tests and section reviews that encourage students' active participation in the learning process.
Author: David A. Sousa
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1632209284
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 264
Get Book Here
Book Description
Combining theory and practice, David A. Sousa helps educators understand what is happening in the brains of students with behavior problems and offers practical, effective intervention strategies compatible with current findings in neuroscience. In easy-to-understand language, the author presents current information on brain development and function and highlights factors that affect social and emotional decision-making and negative behaviors like impulsivity, defiance, and violence. Comprehensive yet concise, this guide for K–12 teachers and counselors provides methods for teaching self-control and fostering positive relationships with troubled students and provides case studies that match effective strategies with specific behaviors. Educators will find answers to critical questions such as: How does the rate of brain development explain erratic behavior of adolescents? What type of data collection can help teachers manage misbehavior? Can peer influence help curb misbehavior rather than encourage it? Why are boys more likely to misbehave than girls and what can teachers do about it? How do school and classroom climates affect student behavior? This invaluable handbook also features reproducible forms, worksheets, checklists, additional references, and an expanded list of primary research sources to help teachers understand and apply research-based principles for classroom and behavior management.
Author: Ahmed A. Moustafa
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119159075
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 588
Get Book Here
Book Description
A comprehensive Introduction to the world of brain and behavior computational models This book provides a broad collection of articles covering different aspects of computational modeling efforts in psychology and neuroscience. Specifically, it discusses models that span different brain regions (hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia, visual cortex), different species (humans, rats, fruit flies), and different modeling methods (neural network, Bayesian, reinforcement learning, data fitting, and Hodgkin-Huxley models, among others). Computational Models of Brain and Behavior is divided into four sections: (a) Models of brain disorders; (b) Neural models of behavioral processes; (c) Models of neural processes, brain regions and neurotransmitters, and (d) Neural modeling approaches. It provides in-depth coverage of models of psychiatric disorders, including depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia, and dyslexia; models of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and epilepsy; early sensory and perceptual processes; models of olfaction; higher/systems level models and low-level models; Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning; linking information theory to neurobiology; and more. Covers computational approximations to intellectual disability in down syndrome Discusses computational models of pharmacological and immunological treatment in Alzheimer's disease Examines neural circuit models of serotonergic system (from microcircuits to cognition) Educates on information theory, memory, prediction, and timing in associative learning Computational Models of Brain and Behavior is written for advanced undergraduate, Master's and PhD-level students—as well as researchers involved in computational neuroscience modeling research.
