Banded Iron Formations to Iron Ore

Banded Iron Formations to Iron Ore PDF Author: Desmond Fitzgerald Lascelles
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781536109719
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
From the first attempts to understand the origin of giant iron ore deposits, numerous false assumptions have been used as the basis of genesis models that have become standard and unquestioned, with later research generally seeking to find evidence supporting the existing models and ignoring contrary evidence. Many models were constructed based on extremely rare features, and their absence in the global abundance of iron formations was not considered important since there was no understanding of the major sedimentary structures, i.e. laminations and banding. Inconsistencies within the hypothetical models are either ignored or excused by proposing special circumstances, but no one considers that the models might be wrong or have only limited application. Many hypotheses regarding Earths history have been postulated from the difference between Phanerozoic and Precambrian iron-formations. In particular, the development of an oxygenated atmosphere has been deduced from the supposed evolution of iron-formations. The subject has provided a fertile field for research and models of Earths history, but without clear knowledge of the sedimentation, diagenesis and metamorphism of BIFs (branded iron formations), such models are speculative or even irrelevant. Since these models on the genesis and distribution of BIF were used as proxies to answer questions regarding the composition of the early oceans and atmosphere, weathering and transport conditions on early land surface, volcanism and continental development in the Archean eon, and as they affect exploration for the largest volume and most basic of industrial metals, they have an importance beyond academic sedimentary and stratigraphic interest. The aim of this book is to present a model for the origin of BIFs and derived high-grade iron ore deposits with global applications that are still subject to correction and change as new information becomes available and are free of illogical assumptions which do not conflict with either field observations or basic chemistry and physics.

Banded Iron Formation-related High-grade Iron Ore

Banded Iron Formation-related High-grade Iron Ore PDF Author: Steffen Gerd Hagemann
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781934969076
Category : Iron ores
Languages : en
Pages : 414

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Ancient Banded Iron Formations

Ancient Banded Iron Formations PDF Author: J. J. Chauvel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Formations (Geology)
Languages : en
Pages : 480

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Antarctica

Antarctica PDF Author: Dieter K. Fütterer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 354032934X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 473

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Book Description
Sixty articles arranged in eight thematic sections refer to most recent geological and geophysical results of Antarctic research. The Precambrian of the East Antarctic shield and its geological history is considered as well as sub-ice topography, geophysics and stratigraphy, sedimentology and geophysics of the surrounding Southern Ocean. Particular emphasis is given to the connection of the Antarctic and the surrounding continents when forming part of Gondwana.

Iron-Formation: Facts and Problems

Iron-Formation: Facts and Problems PDF Author: A.F. Trendall
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 008086905X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 559

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Book Description
Iron-Formation: Facts and Problems

Iron Formations as Palaeoenvironmental Archives

Iron Formations as Palaeoenvironmental Archives PDF Author: Kaarel Mänd
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009002279
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 66

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Book Description
Ancient iron formations - iron and silica-rich chemical sedimentary rocks that formed throughout the Precambrian eons - provide a significant part of the evidence for the modern scientific understanding of palaeoenvironmental conditions in Archaean (4.0–2.5 billion years ago) and Proterozoic (2.5–0.539 billion years ago) times. Despite controversies regarding their formation mechanisms, iron formations are a testament to the influence of the Precambrian biosphere on early ocean chemistry. As many iron formations are pure chemical sediments that reflect the composition of the waters from which they precipitated, they can also serve as nuanced geochemical archives for the study of ancient marine temperatures, redox states, and elemental cycling, if proper care is taken to understand their sedimentological context.

Mantle Plumes

Mantle Plumes PDF Author: Richard E. Ernst
Publisher: Geological Society of America
ISBN: 9780813723525
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 604

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Data of Geochemistry

Data of Geochemistry PDF Author: Brian Harold Mason
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cosmochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 148

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The Iron-ore Resources of Europe

The Iron-ore Resources of Europe PDF Author: Max Roesler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Iron ores
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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Precambrian Banded-Iron-Formations

Precambrian Banded-Iron-Formations PDF Author: Y.P. Mel'nik
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080869041
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 323

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Book Description
Precambrian Banded-Iron-Formations