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Author: Sergey Fedoroff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780122504525
Category : Astrocytes
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Sergey Fedoroff
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 147579486X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Book Description
This volume is made up of papers presented at the Second International Altschul Symposium: Biology and Pathology of Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions. The symposium was held in Saskatoon, Canada at the University of Saskatchewn in May, 1992 in memory of Rudolf Altschul, a graduate of the University of Prague and a pioneer in the fields of the biology of the vascular and nervous systems. Dr. Altschul was Professor and Head of the Department of Anatomy at the University of Saskatchewan from 1955 to 1963. The Altschul Symposia were made possible by an endowment left by Anni Altschul and by other contributions. The symposia are held biennially. One of the greatest challenges for present day scientists is to uncover the mechanisms of brain function. Although cellular anatomy of the nervous system has already been well outlined and indeed was delineated by the beginning of the century, experimental analysis of the function of the brain is relatively recent. The framework of the brain is made up of stellate cells, the astrocytes, which are interconnected by means of their processes, thus presenting a meshwork through which the neurons send their axons, accompanied by oligodendrocytes. Microglia are distributed throughout the brain.
Author: Sergey Fedoroff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780122504525
Category : Astrocytes
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Maria Teresa Gentile
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535138855
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
A team of authors from prestigious academic schools contributed to draw up a project that would give a detailed account of astrocyte's morphology and physiology, examining thoroughly all the astrocyte's types; giving an accurate description of their morphology, location, function in the brain; and illustrating their physiology and pathology in terms of dealing with neurons through "gliotransmitters," ionic channels, and membrane receptors expression. This book gives an overview of the crucial role of astrocytes in the physiology of the CNS and in the pathogenesis of several CNS disorders suggesting that the shift from a neurocentric view to one that incorporates astrocytes in disease models for drug discovery is a critical step in renewing drug development strategies to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
Author: Sergey Fedorff
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323148557
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 487
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Book Description
Astrocytes: Cell Biology and Pathology of Astrocytes, Volume 3 deals with the involvement of astrocytes in neurological and neuropathological states of brain function. This volume discusses the expression of astrocyte-specific immunological markers and plasma membrane structures; the dynamics of the cytoskeleton and cell cycle; and the reactivity to injury and response of astrocytes in selected pathological and genetic states. The text also aims to inspire new ideas and research on astrocyte functions as well as on the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Neuroscientists, cell biologists, clinicians, neuropathologists, and pediatric neurologists will find the book invaluable.
Author: Vladimir Parpura
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387794921
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 701
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Book Description
Astrocytes were the original neuroglia that Ramón y Cajal visualized in 1913 using a gold sublimate stain. This stain targeted intermediate filaments that we now know consist mainly of glial fibrillary acidic protein, a protein used today as an astrocytic marker. Cajal described the morphological diversity of these cells with some ast- cytes surrounding neurons, while the others are intimately associated with vasculature. We start the book by discussing the heterogeneity of astrocytes using contemporary tools and by calling into question the assumption by classical neuroscience that neurons and glia are derived from distinct pools of progenitor cells. Astrocytes have long been neglected as active participants in intercellular communication and information processing in the central nervous system, in part due to their lack of electrical excitability. The follow up chapters review the “nuts and bolts” of ast- cytic physiology; astrocytes possess a diverse assortment of ion channels, neu- transmitter receptors, and transport mechanisms that enable the astrocytes to respond to many of the same signals that act on neurons. Since astrocytes can detect chemical transmitters that are released from neurons and can release their own extracellular signals there is an increasing awareness that they play physiological roles in regulating neuronal activity and synaptic transmission. In addition to these physiological roles, it is becoming increasingly recognized that astrocytes play critical roles during pathophysiological states of the nervous system; these states include gliomas, Alexander disease, and epilepsy to mention a few.
Author: Firas H. Kobeissy
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466565993
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 718
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Book Description
With the contribution from more than one hundred CNS neurotrauma experts, this book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma including biomarker studies, experimental models, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic intervention strategies in brain injury research. It discusses neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, and neurocognitive and neurobehavioral deficits. Also included are medical interventions and recent neurotherapeutics used in the area of brain injury that have been translated to the area of rehabilitation research. In addition, a section is devoted to models of milder CNS injury, including sports injuries.
Author: Eliana Scemes
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439825858
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 425
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Book Description
Astrocytes play diverse roles in central nervous system (CNS) function and dysfunction, and the connections that the astrocyte makes with other cells of the brain are essential for a variety of important neural tasks. Bringing together contributions from international experts at the top of their field, Astrocytes: Wiring the Brain emphasizes cellul
Author: Barbara Di Benedetto
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493990672
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This detailed volume gathers together a broad variety of methods essential to the investigation of the biology of astrocytes and their multifaceted roles in both healthy and diseased brains. Beginning with some overviews of the subject, the book continues by covering techniques for the isolation of astrocytes from animal models, the investigation of astrocyte morphology and function, as well as for understanding astrocyte pathologies in the central nervous system. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Astrocytes: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for both experienced and beginner scientists working toward unraveling the novel, fascinating roles of these versatile cells.
Author: Leyla Estrada
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781634855617
Category : Astrocytes
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Astrocytes, the most prevalent type of cell found in the brain, are glial cells that play a critical role in the support and maintenance of homeostatic conditions in the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to regulating synaptic function and neuronal development, astrocytes contribute to CNS immune responses and regulate permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Astrocytes respond to, and become activated by, a variety of molecular events in the CNS including the appearance of abnormal molecules, the disappearance of signaling molecules that are typically present, and changes in extracellular levels of various cytokines and chemokines. Under normal physiological conditions, astrocytic activation can be advantageous, as it can help protect the CNS from pathogens or injury; however, if this activation is sustained for a prolonged period, it can lead to detrimental astrocyte reactivity. This current book provides new developments in astrocyte research. The first chapter reviews pathological roles of astrocytes in brain edema formation. Chapter Two discusses neuroimmune interactions of astrocytes with other CNS cell types. Chapter Three focuses on astrocytes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The final chapter studies astrocyte's response to stress and injury.
Author: Michael D. Norenberg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 680
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Book Description
Astrocytes have been associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. This edited volume reviews the state of knowledge on the role of astrocytes in such neuropsychiatric conditions as anoxia/ischemia, edema, epilepsy, demyelinative disorders, degenerative diseases, toxic-metabolic encephalopathies, psychiatric abnormalities, and the role of reactive astrocytes in various pathologic states.
